Download Full eBooks in PDF
The Environmental Protection Agency S National Ambient Air Quality Standards For Ozone And Pm 2 5 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of The Environmental Protection Agency S National Ambient Air Quality Standards For Ozone And Pm 2 5 book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Law
ISBN : LOC:00173038951
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : PSU:000031632850
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Law
ISBN : MINN:31951D00376204I
Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1507543352
On January 15, 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM). The revised air quality standards were completed pursuant to the Clean Air Act (CAA) and, in part, in response to a court order and consent agreement. Based on its review of scientific studies available since the agency's previous review in 2006, EPA determined that evidence continued to show associations between particulates in ambient air and numerous significant health problems, including aggravated asthma, chronic bronchitis, nonfatal heart attacks, and premature death. Populations shown to be most at risk include children, older adults, and those with heart and lung disease, and those of lower socioeconomic status. EPA's review of and revisions to the PM NAAQS have generated considerable debate and oversight in Congress. The January 2013 revisions change the existing (2006) annual health-based (“primary”) standard for “fine” particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter (or PM2.5), lowering the allowable average concentration of PM2.5 in the air from the current level of 15 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3) to a limit of 12 µg/m3. The annual PM2.5 NAAQS is set so as to address human health effects from chronic exposures to the pollutants. The existing “24-hour primary standard” for PM2.5 that was reduced from 65 µg/m3 to 35 µg/m3 in 2006 was retained, as was the existing standard for larger, but still inhalable, “coarse” particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter, or PM10. As it did in 2006, EPA set “secondary” standards that provide protection against “welfare” (nonhealth) effects, such as ecological effects and material deterioration, identical to the primary standards. EPA revised the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) accompanying its June 2012 proposed rule in part in response to comments received regarding the agency's cost and benefit estimates. In its December 2012 RIA, EPA estimated that the potential “quantifiable” health benefits (2010 $) associated with attaining the PM standard would range from $4.0 billion to $9.1 billion, and costs (2010 $) would range from $53.0 million to $353.0 million. Some stakeholders and some Members continue to express concerns that cost impacts would be more significant than those estimated by EPA for those areas out of compliance with the new standards. EPA's revisions to the PM NAAQS do not directly regulate emissions from specific sources, or compel installation of any pollution control equipment or measures, but indirectly could affect operations at industrial facilities and other sources throughout the United States. Revising PM NAAQS starts a process that includes a determination of areas in each state that exceed the standard and must, therefore, reduce pollutant concentrations to achieve it. Following determinations of these “nonattainment” areas based on multiple years of monitoring data and other factors, state and local governments must develop (or revise) State Implementation Plans (SIPs) outlining measures to attain the standard. These include promulgation of new regulations by states, and the issuance of revised air permits. The process typically takes several years. As per statutory scheduling requirements, on December 18, 2014, EPA classified 14 areas as “Moderate” nonattainment for the revised 2013 primary annual PM2.5 standard. The areas include 38 counties or portions of counties in six states—California, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. EPA also deferred the designation period for 11 other areas by up to one year, and designated all other areas as “unclassifiable” or as “unclassifiable/attainment.” CAA section 188(c) requires Moderate areas to achieve attainment as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than six years after the effective date of final area designation.
Author : Ken Calvert
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Air
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112120022
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Air quality
ISBN : STANFORD:36105119662414
Author : Robert Esworthy
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1482762056
On January 15, 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM). The revised air quality standards were completed pursuant to the Clean Air Act (CAA) and, in part, in response to a court order and consent agreement. Based on its review of scientific studies available since the agency's previous review in 2006, EPA determined that evidence continued to show associations between particulates in ambient air and numerous significant health problems, including aggravated asthma, chronic bronchitis, non-fatal heart attacks, and premature death. Populations shown to be most at risk include children, older adults, and those with heart and lung disease, and those of lower socioeconomic status. EPA's review of and revisions to the PM NAAQS has generated considerable debate and oversight in Congress. The January 2013 revisions change the existing (2006) annual health-based (“primary”) standard for “fine” particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter (or PM2.5), lowering the allowable average concentration of PM2.5 in the air from the current level of 15 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3) to a limit of 12 µg/m3. The annual PM2.5 NAAQS is set so as to address human health effects from chronic exposures to the pollutants. The existing “24-hour primary standard” for PM2.5 that was reduced from 65 µg/m3 to 35 µg/m3 in 2006 was retained, as was the existing standard for larger, but still inhalable, “coarse” particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter, or PM10. “Secondary” standards that provide protection against “welfare” (non-health) effects, such as ecological effects and material deterioration, are identical to the primary standards and the same as in 2006. The proposed rule published June 29, 2012, solicited comments on two options for a 24-hour PM2.5 standard to improve visibility that were not adopted in the final rule. EPA revised the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) accompanying its June 2012 proposed rule in part in response to comments received regarding the agency's cost and benefit estimates. In its December 2012 RIA, EPA estimated that the potential “quantifiable” health benefits (2010 $) associated with attaining the PM standard would range from $4.0 billion to $9.1 billion, and costs (2010 $) would range from $53.0 million to $353.0 million. Some stakeholders and some Members continue to express concerns that cost impacts would be more significant than those estimated by EPA for those areas out of compliance with the new standards. EPA's revisions to the PM NAAQS do not directly regulate emissions from specific sources, or compel installation of any pollution control equipment or measures, but indirectly could affect operations at industrial facilities and other sources throughout the United States. Revising PM NAAQS starts a process that includes a determination of areas in each state that exceed the standard and must, therefore, reduce pollutant concentrations to achieve it. Following determinations of these “nonattainment” areas based on multiple years of monitoring data and other factors, state and local governments must develop (or revise) State Implementation Plans (SIPs) outlining measures to attain the standard. These often involve promulgation of new regulations by states, and the issuance of revised air permits. The process typically takes several years. Based on statutory scheduling requirements, nonattainment designations for revised PM NAAQS would not be determined until the end of 2014, and states would have until at least 2020 to achieve compliance with the January 2013 revised PM2.5 NAAQS.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 734 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Air
ISBN : UCBK:C078443475
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Air
ISBN : COLUMBIA:CU14225468
Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Ozone
ISBN : UOM:39015041069686
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Climate Change, and Nuclear Safety
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Air
ISBN : PSU:000066757245
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Delegated legislation
ISBN : OSU:32437123718203
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : PSU:000066744146
Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1078 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2006-08
Category : Environmental law
ISBN : UOM:39015079506146
Author : Barry L. Johnson,Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-24
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781498799461
As with the first edition, this second edition describes how environmental health policies are developed, the statutes and other policies that have evolved to address public health concerns associated with specific environmental hazards, and the public health foundations of the policies. It lays out policies for what is considered the major environmental physical hazards to human health. Specifically, the authors describe hazards from air, water, food, hazardous substances, and wastes. To this list the authors have added the additional concerns from climate change, tobacco products, genetically-modified organisms, environment-related diseases, energy production, biodiversity and species endangerment, and the built environment. And as with the first edition, histories of policymaking for specific environmental hazards are portrayed. This edition differs from its antecedent in three significant themes. Global perspectives are added to chapters that describe specific environmental hazards, e.g., air pollution policies in China and India. Also there is the material on the consequences of environmental hazards on both human and ecosystem health. Additionally readers are provided with information about interventions that policymakers and individuals can consider in mitigating or preventing specific environmental hazards.