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The Science Behind The U S Epa S Proposed Revisions To The Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standards For Ozone And Particulate Matter Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of The Science Behind The U S Epa S Proposed Revisions To The Primary National Ambient Air Quality Standards For Ozone And Particulate Matter book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Author : Ken Calvert
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Air
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112120022
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 688 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105026899760
Author : Ken Calvert,Tim Roemer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Medical
ISBN : UCR:31210011106364
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Law
ISBN : STANFORD:36105018830401
Author : Robert Esworthy
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1482762056
On January 15, 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM). The revised air quality standards were completed pursuant to the Clean Air Act (CAA) and, in part, in response to a court order and consent agreement. Based on its review of scientific studies available since the agency's previous review in 2006, EPA determined that evidence continued to show associations between particulates in ambient air and numerous significant health problems, including aggravated asthma, chronic bronchitis, non-fatal heart attacks, and premature death. Populations shown to be most at risk include children, older adults, and those with heart and lung disease, and those of lower socioeconomic status. EPA's review of and revisions to the PM NAAQS has generated considerable debate and oversight in Congress. The January 2013 revisions change the existing (2006) annual health-based (“primary”) standard for “fine” particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter (or PM2.5), lowering the allowable average concentration of PM2.5 in the air from the current level of 15 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3) to a limit of 12 µg/m3. The annual PM2.5 NAAQS is set so as to address human health effects from chronic exposures to the pollutants. The existing “24-hour primary standard” for PM2.5 that was reduced from 65 µg/m3 to 35 µg/m3 in 2006 was retained, as was the existing standard for larger, but still inhalable, “coarse” particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter, or PM10. “Secondary” standards that provide protection against “welfare” (non-health) effects, such as ecological effects and material deterioration, are identical to the primary standards and the same as in 2006. The proposed rule published June 29, 2012, solicited comments on two options for a 24-hour PM2.5 standard to improve visibility that were not adopted in the final rule. EPA revised the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) accompanying its June 2012 proposed rule in part in response to comments received regarding the agency's cost and benefit estimates. In its December 2012 RIA, EPA estimated that the potential “quantifiable” health benefits (2010 $) associated with attaining the PM standard would range from $4.0 billion to $9.1 billion, and costs (2010 $) would range from $53.0 million to $353.0 million. Some stakeholders and some Members continue to express concerns that cost impacts would be more significant than those estimated by EPA for those areas out of compliance with the new standards. EPA's revisions to the PM NAAQS do not directly regulate emissions from specific sources, or compel installation of any pollution control equipment or measures, but indirectly could affect operations at industrial facilities and other sources throughout the United States. Revising PM NAAQS starts a process that includes a determination of areas in each state that exceed the standard and must, therefore, reduce pollutant concentrations to achieve it. Following determinations of these “nonattainment” areas based on multiple years of monitoring data and other factors, state and local governments must develop (or revise) State Implementation Plans (SIPs) outlining measures to attain the standard. These often involve promulgation of new regulations by states, and the issuance of revised air permits. The process typically takes several years. Based on statutory scheduling requirements, nonattainment designations for revised PM NAAQS would not be determined until the end of 2014, and states would have until at least 2020 to achieve compliance with the January 2013 revised PM2.5 NAAQS.
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Climate Change, and Nuclear Safety
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Air
ISBN : PSU:000066757245
Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 525 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Air
ISBN : 9781428904699
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105061635970
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : PSU:000031632850
Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1507543352
On January 15, 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM). The revised air quality standards were completed pursuant to the Clean Air Act (CAA) and, in part, in response to a court order and consent agreement. Based on its review of scientific studies available since the agency's previous review in 2006, EPA determined that evidence continued to show associations between particulates in ambient air and numerous significant health problems, including aggravated asthma, chronic bronchitis, nonfatal heart attacks, and premature death. Populations shown to be most at risk include children, older adults, and those with heart and lung disease, and those of lower socioeconomic status. EPA's review of and revisions to the PM NAAQS have generated considerable debate and oversight in Congress. The January 2013 revisions change the existing (2006) annual health-based (“primary”) standard for “fine” particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter (or PM2.5), lowering the allowable average concentration of PM2.5 in the air from the current level of 15 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3) to a limit of 12 µg/m3. The annual PM2.5 NAAQS is set so as to address human health effects from chronic exposures to the pollutants. The existing “24-hour primary standard” for PM2.5 that was reduced from 65 µg/m3 to 35 µg/m3 in 2006 was retained, as was the existing standard for larger, but still inhalable, “coarse” particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter, or PM10. As it did in 2006, EPA set “secondary” standards that provide protection against “welfare” (nonhealth) effects, such as ecological effects and material deterioration, identical to the primary standards. EPA revised the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) accompanying its June 2012 proposed rule in part in response to comments received regarding the agency's cost and benefit estimates. In its December 2012 RIA, EPA estimated that the potential “quantifiable” health benefits (2010 $) associated with attaining the PM standard would range from $4.0 billion to $9.1 billion, and costs (2010 $) would range from $53.0 million to $353.0 million. Some stakeholders and some Members continue to express concerns that cost impacts would be more significant than those estimated by EPA for those areas out of compliance with the new standards. EPA's revisions to the PM NAAQS do not directly regulate emissions from specific sources, or compel installation of any pollution control equipment or measures, but indirectly could affect operations at industrial facilities and other sources throughout the United States. Revising PM NAAQS starts a process that includes a determination of areas in each state that exceed the standard and must, therefore, reduce pollutant concentrations to achieve it. Following determinations of these “nonattainment” areas based on multiple years of monitoring data and other factors, state and local governments must develop (or revise) State Implementation Plans (SIPs) outlining measures to attain the standard. These include promulgation of new regulations by states, and the issuance of revised air permits. The process typically takes several years. As per statutory scheduling requirements, on December 18, 2014, EPA classified 14 areas as “Moderate” nonattainment for the revised 2013 primary annual PM2.5 standard. The areas include 38 counties or portions of counties in six states—California, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. EPA also deferred the designation period for 11 other areas by up to one year, and designated all other areas as “unclassifiable” or as “unclassifiable/attainment.” CAA section 188(c) requires Moderate areas to achieve attainment as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than six years after the effective date of final area designation.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Air
ISBN : UCR:31210011107271
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 734 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Air
ISBN : UCBK:C078443475
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Law
ISBN : MINN:31951D00376204I
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 740 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NWU:35556038376877
Author : James E. McCarthy
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 15 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781437938364
NAAQS are standards for outdoor (ambient) air that are intended to protect public health and welfare from harmful concentrations of pollution. EPA has concluded that protecting public health and welfare requires lower concentrations of ozone pollution than it previously judged to be safe. Under the proposed standards, as many as 96% of the counties that currently monitor ozone might need to take action to reduce emissions. The proposal effect would be to call attention to the negative effects of ozone on forests and agricultural productivity. Contents of this report: Intro.; What are NAAQS?; The NAAQS Process; The Ozone, Primary and Secondary Standard; Controlling Ozone Pollution; Costs and Benefits of Control; Issues. Illus. A print on demand publication.