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The Future of Humanitarian Mine Action by Kristian Berg Harpviken Pdf
This volume takes stock of the present state of Humanitarian Mine Action (HMA), looking at lessons that have been learned with the aim of further strengthening policies and practices in the future. It draws on the most recent findings from scholarly research and field programmes. Among the contributors are academics, decision-makers and practitioners.
In 1997, many countries came together to pledge $500 million over five years to 'mine action' programmes to tackle the destruction caused by landmines. This book explores how effectively that money has been spent. Is the world a safer place as a result of the ban? Has international mine action been a success? What lessons have been learnt along the way? What are the challenges for the future? In short, what is the true extent of Princess Diana's legacy?Stuart Maslen assesses the effectiveness of mine awareness, mine clearance operations, victim assistance, international law and stockpile destruction. He outlines the global threat that mines present and the evolution of the mine action programme worldwide.
International Law, Politics, and Inhumane Weapons by Alan Bryden Pdf
This book contributes to contemporary debates on the effectiveness of international humanitarian law (IHL) in regulating or prohibiting inhumane weapons, such as landmines. Two treaties have emerged under IHL in response to the humanitarian scourge of landmines. However, despite a considerable body of related literature, clear understandings have not been established on the effectiveness of these international legal frameworks in meeting the challenges that prompted their creation. This book seeks to address this lacuna. An analytical framework grounded in regime theory helps move beyond the limitations in the current literature through a structured focus on principles, norms, rules, procedures, actors and issue areas. On the one hand, this clarifies how political considerations determine opportunities and constraints in designing and implementing IHL regimes. On the other, it enables us to explore how and why 'ideal' policy prescriptions are threatened when faced with complex challenges in post-conflict contexts. This book will be of much interest to students of international humanitarian law, global governance, human security and IR in general.
Foreign Aid and Landmine Clearance by Matthew Breay Bolton Pdf
In the decade since the signing of the Ottawa Treaty, which banned the production and use of anti-personnel mines, governments have spent over $3 billion on clearing up and mitigating the security threat of mines, cluster munitions and other unexploded ordnance in the world's current and former war zones. However, this flow of cash into regions dominated by violent social structures raises numerous political issues. Through detailed archival and field research, this book explores the politics behind the allocation and implementation of foreign aid by the US and Norway for demining in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan. It is an essential resource for practitioners and policymakers working in the field of landmine clearance and for students and researchers of Development Studies and post-war reconstruction.
Author : Anonim Publisher : Human Rights Watch Page : 1356 pages File Size : 52,7 Mb Release : 2004 Category : Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction ISBN : 1564323277
Author : Anonim Publisher : Human Rights Watch Page : 860 pages File Size : 42,9 Mb Release : 2003 Category : Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction ISBN : 1564322874
This book looks at how international treaties can be used to establish successful national programmes. It is concerned specifically with national mine action programmes, focusing on the capacity of the national governments (also referred to as "the state") to implement the "Convention on the prohibition of the use, stockpiling, production and transfer of anti-personnel mines and on their destruction." The Convention, which is also referred to as the Mine Ban Treaty (MBT) or "Treaty," was finalised on September 18, 1997 in Oslo. Ten years after its creation, the Treaty has proven a successful tool to address the humanitarian disaster caused by landmines, yet most of the mine affected country signatories to the MBT have not been able to meet their clearance deadline. This book examines the underlying reasons for the discrepancy between the terms of the Treaty and the reality of its implementation, exploring its successes and shortcomings. In doing so, the book sets out to answer the research question: considering the disparate levels of success among countries committed to implementing the Mine Ban Treaty, what are the key functions of governments and governance structures in ensuring the successful implementation of the Treaty?
Socio-Economic Impacts of Landmines in Southern Kurdistan by Almas Heshmati,Nabaz T. Khayyat Pdf
The Kurdistan Region of Iraq has been massively contaminated by landmines and unexploded ordnance. This will continue to be a major obstacle for development and economic growth, particularly in the rural border communities. The mines were used systematically by the central Baathist government in its efforts to de-populate the Kurdistan Region and to weaken the Kurds’ demands for regional self-determination. This work investigates the magnitude of the landmine problem in the region, and the landmine action activities undertaken to rehabilitate, reconstruct, and develop the region. In addition to that, this work emphasizes the social, health, educational and economic impacts of landmines, as well as the legal consequences. In order to achieve the abovementioned objectives, this work is divided into fifteen chapters. After providing an introduction and background to the landmine problem, the authors discuss the scope of the problem, both in the Kurdistan Region and internationally. The methods of dealing with mines and their consequences are reviewed. The issues of landmine action, impact surveys, factors influencing the survey process, and mine actions activities are also discussed. A comprehensive review of the outcome of the problem of landmines in the Kurdistan Region has been conducted. The nature and characteristics of the problems faced by Kurds are discussed in more detailed form by looking at case studies. Here the economic, social, and health impacts of landmines in the region are assessed. The issues of the human, security, and political impacts of landmines are further addressed, followed by an assessment of mine action resources and its progress, education, and various preventive measures. Finally, a number of policy recommendations are provided to prevent the use of mines in the future, and to take legal action against landmine users for clearance, rehabilitation, and compensation issues.
Richard A. Matthew,Bryan McDonald,Kenneth R. Rutherford
Author : Richard A. Matthew,Bryan McDonald,Kenneth R. Rutherford Publisher : State University of New York Press Page : 319 pages File Size : 42,7 Mb Release : 2012-02-01 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780791483992
Landmines and Human Security by Richard A. Matthew,Bryan McDonald,Kenneth R. Rutherford Pdf
An impressive array of activists, scholars, government officials, journalists, and landmine victims themselves are gathered here to tell the dramatic and inspiring story of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL). Organized in the early 1990s, the ICBL is a network of more than one thousand nongovernmental organizations worldwide, working for a global ban on landmines. It was an important force behind the treaty to ban antipersonnel landmines that was signed in Ottawa in 1997, and which led to its being awarded the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize, along with its coordinator.
Encyclopedia of War Crimes and Genocide by Leslie Alan Horvitz,Christopher Catherwood Pdf
Entries address topics related to genocide, crimes against humanity and peace, and human rights violations; profile perpetrators including Joseph Stalin, Pol Pot, and Idi Amin; and discuss institutions set up to prosecute these crimes in countries around the world.
Militarism is being globalized today not only in war zones such as Ukraine and Syria, but in “peaceful” arenas such as families and football stadiums. Ideas and practices of masculinities and femininities are fuel for this global militarization. Who is presumed to be “weak” and who “tough”? Who is the “protector, who the “grateful protected”? Written by one of the world’s leading feminist scholars, this masterful and provocative newly updated edition tracks how women’s desires to be patriotic yet feminine and men’s fears of being feminized each have been exploited to globalize militarism—and thus what it will take to roll back militarization anywhere. Here are explorations of how governments shrink the meaning of “national security,” how Nike and Adidas rely on militaries to keep women workers’ wages low, how ideas about feminization were used to humiliate male prisoners in Abu Ghraib, and of why “camo” became a fashion statement. Cynthia Enloe offers readers a practical gender analysis tool kit with which to expose militarism’s blatant and subtle workings. Focusing her lens on the “big picture” of international politics and on the not-so-small picture of women’s and men’s complex everyday lives, Enloe challenges us to chart militarism in all its forms in this updated edition.
Global Activism and Humanitarian Disarmament by Matthew Breay Bolton,Sarah Njeri,Taylor Benjamin-Britton Pdf
This book analyses the politics of the humanitarian disarmament community—a loose coalition of activist and advocacy groups, humanitarian agencies and diplomats—who have successfully achieved international treaties banning landmines, cluster munitions and nuclear weapons, as well as restricting the global arms trade. Two campaigns have won Nobel Peace Prizes. Disarmament has long been a dirty word in the international relations lexicon. But the success of the humanitarian disarmament agenda shows that people often choose to prohibit or limit certain violent technologies, for reasons of security, honour, ethics or humanitarianism. This edited volume showcases interdisciplinary research by scholars and practitioners seeking to understand the dynamics and impact of the new global activism on weapons. While some raise concerns that humanitarian disarmament may be piecemeal and depoliticizing, others see opportunities to breathe new life into moribund arms control policymaking. Foreword by 1997 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Jody Williams.
Author : International Campaign to Ban Land Mines Publisher : Human Rights Watch Page : 1114 pages File Size : 42,8 Mb Release : 1999 Category : History ISBN : 1564322319
