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Author : Marijke Kuiper
Publisher : Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Nico Heerink,Herman van Keulen,Marijke Kuiper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642575587
Since the 1980s many developing countries have implemented macro-economic policy reforms to curb inflation, reduce fiscal deficits and control foreign debt. The policy instruments used, such as exchange rate adjustment, budget cuts, trade policy reforms, public expenditure reviews and privatisation, have different and sometimes opposite consequences for agricultural land use. During the same period awareness was growing that deteriorating soil quality could become a limiting factor to increase or even sustain agricultural production. As a result, food availability and even accessibility for large population groups in developing countries may be jeopardised in the near future. Recently, quantitative models have made useful contributions to understanding the impact of economic policy reforms on the sustainability of land use. They provide a consistent analytical framework to deal with complex issues such as the direct and indirect effects of economic, agricultural, environmental and population policies, the role of market imperfections in transmitting economic policy signals, and the interactions between soil quality, agricultural production and household economic decision making. Different types of models can be distinguished: bio economic models, focussing on the link between farm household decisions and the agricultural resource base, household and village models, examining the impact of the socio-economic environment on farm household decisions, and more aggregate models, analysing interactions between sectors and their implications for sustainable land use.
Author : Bas Bouman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401090247
This book reflects the results of more than ten years of cooperative research involving Wageningen Agricultural University (y. l AU) in the Netherlands, the Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE; Centro Agron6mico Tropical de lnvestigaci6n y Ensefianza) in Costa Rica and the Costa Rican Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAG; Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadeda) as part of the Research Program on Sustainability in Agriculture (REPOSA) in the Central American country. The type of cooperation was unusual as it focused on both research and the education of students undertaking either M. Sc. thesis projects or a program of practical training in the various aspects of studying land use. Since funding was provided by W AU, a high degree of scientific autonomy was created that has clearly benefited the independent, scientific rigor of the work. Over the ten-year period, the program has changed from being a patchwork of various insulated specialist projects, into a truly interdisciplinary effort, leading to the development of innovative tools for analyzing land use on a number of geographical scales. These tools are presented in this book. Besides CATIE and MAG, cooperation with other Costa Rican partner institutions has been essential from the beginning, and this process of interaction has also evolved considerably over time.
Author : Keith Daniel Wiebe
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1781956979
'Action is needed to fight poverty by sustaining the environment and the use of natural resources. Land Quality, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security explores a range of factors driving food security. The book offers an assessment to link quality of the available land resources with productivity of land and the ability to ensure food security. It offers a mixture of broad-scale assessments across the globe, with detailed case studies, deepening our understanding of economics and decision-making mechanisms. It is recommended to researchers, as well as actors in the private and public domain, who are keen to improve their understanding of the appropriate actions that ensure food security in the decade to come.' - Floor Brouwer, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), The Hague, The Netherlands Land quality and land degradation affect agricultural productivity and food security, but quantifying these relationships has been difficult. Data are extremely limited and outcomes are sensitive to the choices that farmers make. The contributors to this book - including soil scientists, geographers, and economists - analyse data on soils, climate, land cover, agricultural inputs and outputs, and a variety of socio-economic factors to provide new insights into three key issues: * the extent to which differences in land quality generate differences in agricultural productivity across countries * how farmers' responses to differences or changes in land quality are influenced by economic, environmental, and institutional factors, and * whether land degradation over time threatens productivity growth and food security at local, regional, and global levels.
Author : Ephraim Nkonya,Alisher Mirzabaev,Joachim von Braun
Publisher : Springer
Page : 686 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319191683
This volume deals with land degradation, which is occurring in almost all terrestrial biomes and agro-ecologies, in both low and high income countries and is stretching to about 30% of the total global land area. About three billion people reside in these degraded lands. However, the impact of land degradation is especially severe on livelihoods of the poor who heavily depend on natural resources. The annual global cost of land degradation due to land use and cover change (LUCC) and lower cropland and rangeland productivity is estimated to be about 300 billion USD. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) accounts for the largest share (22%) of the total global cost of land degradation. Only about 38% of the cost of land degradation due to LUCC - which accounts for 78% of the US$300 billion loss – is borne by land users and the remaining share (62%) is borne by consumers of ecosystem services off the farm. The results in this volume indicate that reversing land degradation trends makes both economic sense, and has multiple social and environmental benefits. On average, one US dollar investment into restoration of degraded land returns five US dollars. The findings of the country case studies call for increased investments into the rehabilitation and restoration of degraded lands, including through such institutional and policy measures as strengthening community participation for sustainable land management, enhancing government effectiveness and rule of law, improving access to markets and rural services, and securing land tenure. The assessment in this volume has been conducted at a time when there is an elevated interest in private land investments and when global efforts to achieve sustainable development objectives have intensified. In this regard, the results of this volume can contribute significantly to the ongoing policy debate and efforts to design strategies for achieving sustainable development goals and related efforts to address land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.
Author : Joachim von Braun,Franz W. Gatzweiler
Publisher : Springer
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2013-08-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400770614
This book takes a new approach on understanding causes of extreme poverty and promising actions to address it. Its focus is on marginality being a root cause of poverty and deprivation. “Marginality” is the position of people on the edge, preventing their access to resources, freedom of choices, and the development of capabilities. The book is research based with original empirical analyses at local, national, and local scales; book contributors are leaders in their fields and have backgrounds in different disciplines. An important message of the book is that economic and ecological approaches and institutional innovations need to be integrated to overcome marginality. The book will be a valuable source for development scholars and students, actors that design public policies, and for social innovators in the private sector and non-governmental organizations.
Author : Chetan Agarwal
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Environmental sciences
ISBN : UOM:39015061859883
Author : Fred C. White
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Agricultural pollution
ISBN : UOM:39015095241280
Author : Stefano Pagiola
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1999-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0821344218
This book focuses on the global effects of land degradation, but emphasizes other important levels of land degradation: at the field level, it may result in reduced productivity; at the national level, it may cause flooding, and sedimentation; and, at the global level, it can contribute to climate changes, damaging bio-diversity, and international waters. The effects on climate changes are explored, and the report questions the extent to which land degradation on agricultural land, affects climate change. Does it increase emissions of greenhouse gases? Does it affect land's capacity to serve as a carbon sink? Can appropriate management enhance both land's productivity, and its capacity to store carbon? The carbon cycle in soils is analyzed, indicating land degradation is likely to reduce the ability of soils to serve as carbon sink, and release stored carbon into the atmosphere, and, bio-diversity effects are likely to be adverse. Global benefits of land degradation control, include afforestation, to allow increased carbon sequestration, and provide adequate bio-diversity habitats; and, community-based wildlife management, can provide alternatives to some marginal areas. Although integrating global dimensions into land degradation control projects, may reverse the field level, or national problems it is causing, difficulties and constraints will likely contribute to the failure of these projects.
Author : Nico Heerink,H. van Keulen,Marijke Kuiper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3790813516
This book provides an overview of quantitative approaches to analyse the effects of economic policy reforms on sustainable land use in less developed countries (LDCs). Its purpose is to assess recent advances in modelling approaches, to identify key issues in quantifying the relationships, and to formulate recommendations on future research directions that may add to further improve our understanding of the potential effects of economic policy instruments on soil quality changes in LDCs. Special attention is paid to modelling the responses of farm households to policy incentives.
Author : Alan Wild
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2003-01-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521527597
A major challenge of the twenty-first century will be to ensure sufficient global food production to cope with the burgeoning world population. Soils, Land and Food is a short text aimed at undergraduates, graduates, agricultural scientists and policy makers which describes how the use of technology in soil management can increase and sustain agricultural production. The book leads the reader through the development of techniques of land management and discusses reasons why some agricultural projects have succeeded while others have failed. It shows how surveying and protecting soils before new land is brought into cultivation, raising soil fertility, increasing inputs and improving economic conditions can all help to increase food production. Particular emphasis is placed on the need for both economic change and technological intervention in developing countries where, in many cases, food production will need to more than double in the next fifty years.
Author : Anthony Chisholm,Anthony H. Chisholm,Robert Dumsday
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521340793
This book presents a broad multi-disciplinary perspective on the challenge of problems of degrading land.
Author : Eric F. Lambin,Helmut J. Geist
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2008-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540322023
This book presents recent estimates on the rate of change of major land classes. Aggregated globally, multiple impacts of local land changes are shown to significantly affect central aspects of Earth System functioning. The book offers innovative developments and applications in the fields of modeling and scenario construction. Conclusions are also drawn about the most pressing implications for the design of appropriate intervention policies.
Author : Robertson, Richard D.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Understanding the global distribution of agricultural production provides valuable context for policymaking concerning development, wellbeing, and climate change. The IMPACT model generates broad regional aggregations of agricultural production and how much land would be needed, but a much more fine-grained picture would be helpful. The basic building blocks of such a companion system are presented here. Describing site specific land use and cropping choices as they are currently realized is a difficult proposition. Projecting them into the future is an even more challenging task. A key problem is that none of the simple “right” ways adequately mimic observed behavior. We present a mix of theoretical and heuristic approaches that bring together climate data, cost of access, and crop modeling results, to develop pixel level allocations of crops and natural lands consistent with economic simulations from the IMPACT model. We find that climate change is much more of a threat to natural land types than agricultural expansion into such locations.
Author : Floor Brouwer,C. Martijn van der Heide
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136560927
The increasing demand for rural land and its natural resources is creating competition and conflicts. Many interested parties, including farmers, nature conservationists, rural residents and tourists, compete for the same space. Especially in densely populated areas, agriculture, recreation, urban and suburban growth and infrastructure development exert a constant pressure on rural areas. Because land is a finite resource, spatial policies which are formulated and implemented to increase the area allocated to one use imply a decrease in land available for other uses. As a result, at many locations, multi-purpose land use is becoming increasingly important. This notion of multi-purpose land use is reflected in the term 'multifunctionality'. This volume provides insights into viable strategies of sustainable management practices allowing multiple functions sustained by agriculture and natural resources in rural areas. It shows how the rural economy and policies can balance and cope with these competing demands and includes numerous case studies from Europe, North America and developing countries.