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The Interpretation of Ultrastructure by R. J. C. Harris Pdf
The Interpretation of Ulstrastructure is a collection of papers dealing with techniques in ulstrastructural research such as in fixation, reversed staining, ultrastructure in embryos and in plants, control of observations by light microscopy, and cytochemistry at the electron microscope level. One paper describes various fixatives used on rat liver tissue including a standard osmium tetroxide solution, pure melted osmium tetroxide, and strong osmium tetroxide solutions in carbon tetrachloride. Another paper points out that the use of electron micrographs of the cell nucleus and chromosomes should include approaches to chromosome analysis. For the investigator studying the three dimensional organization of chromosomes, his approaches should include classical cytology and cytogenetics, chemical and cytochemical studies on nuclei, as well as chemical and physical analysis of nucleic acid and nucleoprotein molecules. Several papers discuss the study of natural and artificial DNA-plasma by thin sections, an assessment of negative staining techniques for revealing ultrastructure, and other approaches in the study of biological ultrastructure by high-resolution electron microscopy. The collection will benefit microbiologists, biotechnologists, and academicians connected with the biological sciences.
Ultrastructure of Rust Fungi provides a comprehensive review of rust ultrastructure and host-parasite relations. This book also critically analyzes the studies that have been done in this field. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with the morphology and ontogeny of sori and spores. It then explains the infections of the susceptible host and the vegetative growth of the fungi in it. It also describes the possibility of incompatibility in plant-rust associations, as well as the parasites of rust fungi. The dynamics of growth and differentiation are emphasized in this book rather than just the mature stage of the rusts. Moreover, this book identifies some topics in which ultrastructural research is particularly lacking and which provide fertile areas for future research. This book will be a valuable reference source for fungal morphologists, taxonomists, and plant pathologists. It will also be helpful to others interested in the anatomy and associated biology of the rusts.
Author : Norman F. Cheville Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 997 pages File Size : 49,8 Mb Release : 2009-06-30 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780813803302
HUMAN CELL AND TISSUE FINE STRUCTURE FOR TEACHING AND RESEARCH IN STEM CELLS by PROFESSOR ARUNACHALAM HENRY SATHANANTHAN Pdf
This EBook covers the fine structure of human cells and tissues as seen with the transmission and scanning electron microscope (TEM & SEM). To the author’s knowledge there is no book of this kind expressly devoted to human cells and tissues. The book is concise and is primarily intended to help in the teaching of microanatomy to first-year medical and health-science students, paramedical students and first-year science and other university students. It can also be used to teach university entrance students in secondary schools and technical staff in anatomical pathology in hospitals and specifically those involved in stem cell research. There are innumerable texts in light microscopy (LM) of basic histology that are now available for comparison to all and on line, particularly on Google, Wikipedia, PubMed and other search engines. Microanatomy is essentially a visual subject and the author firmly believes that a picture is worth a thousand words. The cell is the fundamental unit of structure in the human body. Cells and their products form the tissues and the various organs and organ systems of the human body. Understanding their structure is not only basic to microanatomy it is also of importance in the study of physiology and pathology and of course, gross anatomy. Now with dawn of stem cell research, it can be used as guide to understand adult and embryonic stem cell microstructure in conjunction with LM and immuno -fluorescent microscopy (FM). As an innovation to the original atlas we have added, exquisite colour images (SEM) by Prof. Pietro Motta, a world leader in electron microscopy, author and publisher of many atlases aided by his co-workers in La Sapienza, University of Roma, Italy, to appreciate the third dimension in microstructure. Some images of the testis are credited to Professors. David de Kretser & Jeff. Kerr, my colleagues at Monash University. Prof. de Kretser, of course, is one of my role models since he is an electron microscopist, clinician and expert on the testis and male infertility. He was founder Director of the Institute of Reproduction & Development, where I was honorary associate professor. He is also a born Sri Lankan and was Governor of Victoria. To help interpretation of the electron micrographs, the structure of each type of cell and/or tissue is illustrated diagramatically, and an attempt has been made to relate this to function. Where possible, such interpretative diagrams are printed adjacent to the electron micrographs of that particular type of cell/ tissue. Some of these diagrams were coloured by computer. In addition, brief descriptions of the anatomy of the cells/tissues and legends that describe the electron micrograph are included. Each section will briefly introduce the reader to the type of cell, tissue or organ that is being illustrated. Since there are many advanced atlases and textbooks on the fine structure of cells and tissues, the present publication is intended to be a simple reference for the student and researcher. One of the greatest difficulties readers have in the interpretation of cell structure using LM is that they do not see the outlines of cells and for the most part they do not see the internal structure of the cell very clearly. This is because the cell membrane and most of the internal structures are beyond the high resolution of the LM. Electron microscopy, on the other hand, magnifies cell organelles and enhances their resolution, making the interpretation of cell structure more precise and objective. However, there are limitations in the study of ultrastructure since only a very small section of the cell is viewed. Electron microscopy, as we all know, is laborious and very time consuming and has been used widely in biomedical research since 1935. We were the first to study embryonic stem cells by TEM, a logical progression of our extensive research on human gametes, fertilization and embryos in IVF & ART. The reader is advised to study images of cells and tissues in semi- thin epoxy sections (LM). This EBook (atlas) will be a valuable supplement to the numerous textbooks of histology, especially those with colour LMs of wax and epoxy sections. It covers the ultrastructure of the human cell, the basic tissues of the human body and some of the more important organs of the human body. It is specifically targeted to researchers involved in current stem cell research (both adult and embryonic). Finally, this publication is not intended to be a complete atlas of human cells and tissues since there are several excellent publications for the advanced study of electron microscopy, a few listed in the references.
Ultrastructure Techniques for Microorganisms by H.C. Aldrich,W.J. Todd Pdf
The modem microbiologist is often a real specialist who has difficulty under standing and applying many of the techniques beyond those in his or her own immediate field. On the other hand, most benefits to modem microbiology are obtained when a broad spectrum of scientific approaches can be focused on a problem. In early studies, electron microscopy was pivotal in understanding bacterial and viral morphology, and we still feel that we will understand a disease better if we have seen an electron micrograph of the causative agent. Today, because there is an increased awareness of the need to understand the rela tionships between microbial structure and function, the electron microscope is still one of the most important tools microbiologists can use for detailed analysis of microorganisms. Often, however, the aforementioned modem microbiologist still thinks of ultrastructure as involving negative staining or ultrathin sectioning in order to get a look at the shape of a "bug. " Many of the newer ultrastructure techniques, such as gold-labeled antibody localization, freeze-fracture, X-ray microanalysis, enzyme localization, and even scanning electron microscopy, are poorly under stood by, and therefore forbidding to, the average microbiologist. Even many cell biologists admit to having difficulty staying in touch with current develop ments in the fast-moving field of electron microscopy techniques.
Ultrastructure, Macromolecules, and Evolution by Lawrence S. Dillon Pdf
Thus far in the history of biology, two, and only two, fundamental principles have come to light that pervade and unify the entire science-the cell theory and the concept of evolution. While it is true that recently opened fields of inves tigation have given rise to several generalizations of wide impact, such as the universality of DNA and the energetic dynamics of ecology, closer inspection reveals them to be part and parcel of either of the first two mentioned. Because in the final analysis energy can act upon an organism solely at the cellular level, its effects may be perceived basically to represent one facet of cell me tabolism. Similarly, because the DNA theory centers upon the means by which cells build proteins and reproduce themselves, it too proves to be only one more, even though an exciting, aspect of the cell theory. In fact, if the matter is given closer scrutiny, evolution itself can be viewed as being a fundamental portion of the cell concept, for its effects arise only as a consequence of changes in the cell's genetic apparatus accumulating over geological time. Or, if one wishes, the diametrically opposite standpoint may be taken. For, if current concepts of the origin of life hold any validity, the evolution of precellular organisms from the primordial biochemicals must have proceeded over many eons of time prior to the advent of even the most primitive cell.
Ultrastructure of the Kidney by Albert J. Dalton,Françoise Haguenau Pdf
Ultrastructure in Biological Systems, Volume 2: Ultrastructure of the Kidney provides an overview of the state of knowledge on the ultrastructure of the mammalian kidney. The application of the electron microscope to studies of the kidney resulted in the demonstration of the hitherto undetected early thickening of the basement membrane of glomerular capillaries in glomerulonephritis. Yet many problems remain, particularly in relation to the correlation between function and the ultrastructure of components of the kidney—mesangium, glomerulus, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and the renal tubules. It is only recently that the mesangium has come to be accepted as real, and many questions remain as to the function of its cells. The existence of true membranes between foot processes of the epithelial cells of glomeruli is a newly established fact; but what this has to do with glomerular filtration is not known at present. Granules apparently secretory in nature have been identified in cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, but so far their presence has not been correlated with specific functional change. Artifacts introduced at fixation are now known to have considerable relevance in interpreting the ultrastructure of the normal nephron. These are paraphrased views of the contributors to this monograph who, while acquainting the reader with the research being carried on in these areas, have also brought into focus the many problems still awaiting solution.
Functional Ultrastructure by Margit Pavelka,Jürgen Roth Pdf
This atlas provides a detailed insight into the complex structure and organization of cells and tissues, and highlights their specific functions as well as the dynamics of diverse intracellular processes. Highly informative electron micrographs are complemented by explanatory texts, selected references and schemes. The concept that subcellular organelles provide the structural foundation for fundamental processes of living organisms is emphasized. The first part covers the cellular organelles and changes caused by experiments or occurring under pathological conditions. The second part employs selected examples to illustrate the principles of functional tissue organization and typical changes resulting from experimental induction or pathological situations. The third edition of the atlas, revised and extended by 23 plates, thus provides an invaluable resource for scientists and students of medicine and biological sciences, particularly of histology, cell and molecular biology. Moreover, it will serve as a handy reference guide for diagnostic and research electron microscopy laboratories in clinical, industrial, and academic settings.
Cellular Dynamics of the Neuron by Samuel H. Barondes Pdf
Cellular Dynamics of the Neuron covers advances in the study of the cellular dynamics of the neuron. The book discusses the synthesis and transport of the neuroplasm, as well as the synthesis, transport, and action of neurotransmitters. The text also describes the functional implications of synaptic ultrastructure and the morphological and biochemical correlates of neuronal plasticity. Cell biologists, neurobiologists, cell pathologists, molecular biologists, and physiologists will find the book invaluable.
