The Ku Klux Klan And Freemasonry In 1920s America

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The Ku Klux Klan and Freemasonry in 1920s America

Miguel Hernandez
The Ku Klux Klan and Freemasonry in 1920s America Book PDF

Author : Miguel Hernandez
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-02-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429883620

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The Ku Klux Klan and Freemasonry in 1920s America by Miguel Hernandez Pdf

The Second Ku Klux Klan’s success in the 1920s remains one of the order’s most enduring mysteries. Emerging first as a brotherhood dedicated to paying tribute to the original Southern organization of the Reconstruction period, the Second Invisible Empire developed into a mass movement with millions of members that influenced politics and culture throughout the early 1920s. This study explores the nature of fraternities, especially the overlap between the Klan and Freemasonry. Drawing on many previously untouched archival resources, it presents a detailed and nuanced analysis of the development and later decline of the Klan and the complex nature of its relationship with the traditions of American fraternalism.

The Second Coming of the KKK: The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s and the American Political Tradition

Linda Gordon
The Second Coming of the KKK The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s and the American Political Tradition Book PDF

Author : Linda Gordon
Publisher : Liveright Publishing
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781631493706

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The Second Coming of the KKK: The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s and the American Political Tradition by Linda Gordon Pdf

An urgent examination into the revived Klan of the 1920s becomes “required reading” for our time (New York Times Book Review). Extraordinary national acclaim accompanied the publication of award-winning historian Linda Gordon’s disturbing and markedly timely history of the reassembled Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s. Dramatically challenging our preconceptions of the hooded Klansmen responsible for establishing a Jim Crow racial hierarchy in the 1870s South, this “second Klan” spread in states principally above the Mason-Dixon line by courting xenophobic fears surrounding the flood of immigrant “hordes” landing on American shores. “Part cautionary tale, part expose” (Washington Post), The Second Coming of the KKK “illuminates the surprising scope of the movement” (The New Yorker); the Klan attracted four-to-six-million members through secret rituals, manufactured news stories, and mass “Klonvocations” prior to its collapse in 1926—but not before its potent ideology of intolerance became part and parcel of the American tradition. A “must-read” (Salon) for anyone looking to understand the current moment, The Second Coming of the KKK offers “chilling comparisons to the present day” (New York Review of Books).

The Ku Klux Klan in Canada

Allan Bartley
The Ku Klux Klan in Canada Book PDF

Author : Allan Bartley
Publisher : James Lorimer & Company
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781459506145

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The Ku Klux Klan in Canada by Allan Bartley Pdf

The Ku Klux Klan came to Canada thanks to some energetic American promoters who saw it as a vehicle for getting rich by selling memberships to white, mostly Protestant Canadians. In Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, the Klan found fertile ground for its message of racism and discrimination targeting African Canadians, Jews and Catholics. While its organizers fought with each other to capture the funds received from enthusiastic members, the Klan was a venue for expressions of race hatred and a cover for targeted acts of harassment and violence against minorities. Historian Allan Bartley traces the role of the Klan in Canadian political life in the turbulent years of the 1920s and 1930s, after which its membership waned. But in the 1970s, as he relates, small extremist right- wing groups emerged in urban Canada, and sought to revive the Klan as a readily identifiable identity for hatred and racism. The Ku Klux Klan in Canada tells the little-known story of how Canadians adopted the image and ideology of the Klan to express the racism that has played so large a role in Canadian society for the past hundred years — right up to the present.

American Philanthropy at Home and Abroad

Ben Offiler,Rachel Williams
American Philanthropy at Home and Abroad Book PDF

Author : Ben Offiler,Rachel Williams
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-08-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781350151970

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American Philanthropy at Home and Abroad by Ben Offiler,Rachel Williams Pdf

American Philanthropy at Home and Abroad explores the different ways in which charities, voluntary associations, religious organisations, philanthropic foundations and other non-state actors have engaged with traditions of giving. Using examples from the late eighteenth century to the Cold War, the collection addresses a number of major themes in the history of philanthropy in the United States. These examples include the role of religion, the significance of cultural networks, and the interplay between civil diplomacy and international development, as well as individual case studies that challenge the very notion of philanthropy as a social good. Led by Ben Offiler and Rachel Williams, the authors demonstrate the benefits of embracing a broad definition of philanthropy, examining how American concepts including benevolence and charity have been used and interpreted by different groups and individuals in an effort to shape – and at least nominally to improve – people's lives both within and beyond the United States.

The Brotherhood of Freemason Sisters

Lilith Mahmud
The Brotherhood of Freemason Sisters Book PDF

Author : Lilith Mahmud
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-03-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226096056

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The Brotherhood of Freemason Sisters by Lilith Mahmud Pdf

This “stupendous ethnography of female Freemasonry in Italy” reveals the fascinating paradox of elitism and exclusion experienced by “female brothers” (Michael Herzfeld, author of Evicted from Eternity). From its cryptic images on the dollar bill to Dan Brown’s The Lost Symbol, the Freemasons have long been one of the most romanticized secret societies in the world. But a simple fact escapes most depictions of this elite brotherhood: there are also female members. In this groundbreaking ethnography, Lilith Mahmud takes readers inside Masonic lodges of contemporary Italy, where she observes the ritualistic and fraternal bonds forged among Freemason women. Offering a tantalizing look behind lodge doors, The Brotherhood of Freemason Sisters unveils a complex culture of discretion in which Freemasons reveal some truths and hide others. Female initiates—one of Freemasonry’s best-kept secrets—are often upper class and highly educated, yet avowedly antifeminist. Their self-cultivation through the Masonic path is an effort to embrace the deeply gendered ideals of fraternity. In this lively investigation, Mahmud unravels the contradictions at the heart of Freemasonry: an organization responsible for many of the egalitarian concepts of the Enlightenment and yet one that has always been, and in Italy still remains, extremely exclusive. The result is not only a thrilling look at a surprisingly influential world, but a reevaluation of the modern values we now take for granted

Secrecy

Hugh B. Urban
Secrecy Book PDF

Author : Hugh B. Urban
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-01-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226746784

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Secrecy by Hugh B. Urban Pdf

The powers of political secrecy and social spectacle have been taken to surreal extremes recently. Witness the twin terrors of a president who refuses to disclose dealings with foreign powers while the private data of ordinary citizens is stolen and marketed in order to manipulate consumer preferences and voting outcomes. We have become accustomed to thinking about secrecy in political terms and personal privacy terms. In this bracing, new work, Hugh Urban wants us to focus these same powers of observation on the role of secrecy in religion. With Secrecy, Urban investigates several revealing instances of the power of secrecy in religion, including nineteenth-century Scottish Rite Freemasonry, the sexual magic of a Russian-born Parisian mystic; the white supremacist BrüderSchweigen or “Silent Brotherhood” movement of the 1980s, the Five Percenters, and the Church of Scientology. An electrifying read, Secrecy is the culmination of decades of Urban’s reflections on a vexed, ever-present subject.

American Catholic Schools in the Twentieth Century

Ann Marie Ryan
American Catholic Schools in the Twentieth Century Book PDF

Author : Ann Marie Ryan
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-21
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781475866629

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American Catholic Schools in the Twentieth Century by Ann Marie Ryan Pdf

This book examines how Catholic educators grappled with public educational policies and reforms like standardization and accreditation, educational measurement and testing, and federal funding for schools during the early to mid-twentieth century. These issues elicited an array of reactions including resistance, cooperation, and co-optation. American Catholics had established one of the largest private educational organizations in the United States by the twentieth century. It rivaled only that of the public school system. At mid-century Catholic schools enrolled some 12 percent of the American school-age population and their enrollments grew in number through the 1960s. The Catholic Church’s lobbying arm, the National Catholic Welfare Conference (NCWC), used its well-earned stature to push for federal funds for students attending their schools. The NCWC succeeded in securing funds with the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 for students needing special education services and students living in poverty attending Catholic schools. This signified a major shift in American education policy. Despite this radical change, Catholic schools lost significant enrollment over the next several decades to public, private, and newly minted public charter schools. Catholic schools faced an increasingly competitive landscape in an ever-expanding school-choice environment that they helped create.

Terror in Transition

Tricia Bacon,Elizabeth Grimm
Terror in Transition Book PDF

Author : Tricia Bacon,Elizabeth Grimm
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2022-09-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231549738

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Terror in Transition by Tricia Bacon,Elizabeth Grimm Pdf

What is the role of founding leaders in shaping terrorist organizations? What follows the loss of this formative leader? These questions are especially important to religious terrorist groups, in which leaders are particularly revered. Tricia L. Bacon and Elizabeth Grimm provide a groundbreaking analysis of how religious terrorist groups manage and adapt to major shifts in leadership. They demonstrate that founders create the base from which their successors operate. Founders establish and explain the group’s mission, and they determine and justify how it seeks to achieve its objectives. Bacon and Grimm argue that how successors position themselves in terms of the founder shapes a terrorist group’s future course. They examine how and why different types of successors choose to pursue incremental or discontinuous change. Bacon and Grimm emphasize that the instability surrounding succession can place a group at its most vulnerable—the precise time to explore options to weaken or defeat it. Bacon and Grimm highlight similarities between Islamic terrorist groups abroad and Christian white nationalist groups such as the 1920s Ku Klux Klan in the United States. Drawing on extensive field research in Afghanistan, Somalia, and Pakistan, Terror in Transition features detailed analysis of groups such as al-Shabaab, Egyptian Islamic Jihad, and al-Qaeda in Iraq / the Islamic State in Iraq, as well as the KKK. Offering a rigorous theoretical perspective on terrorist leadership transition, this policy-relevant book provides actionable recommendations for counterterrorism practitioners.

The Federal Bureau of Investigation [2 volumes]

Douglas M. Charles,Aaron J. Stockham
The Federal Bureau of Investigation 2 volumes Book PDF

Author : Douglas M. Charles,Aaron J. Stockham
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 862 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9798216083573

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The Federal Bureau of Investigation [2 volumes] by Douglas M. Charles,Aaron J. Stockham Pdf

This authoritative set provides a one-stop resource for understanding specific FBI controversies as well as for those looking to understand the full history, law enforcement authority, and inner workings of the nation's most famous and important federal law enforcement agency. This authoritative two-volume reference resource uses a combination of encyclopedia entries and primary sources to provide a comprehensive overview of the FBI, detailing its history, most famous leaders and agents, institutional structure and authority, law enforcement responsibilities, reporting relationships to other parts of government, and major events and controversies. Today the FBI sits squarely at the intersection of major controversies surrounding the presidential campaign and administration of Donald Trump, foreign interference in U.S. elections, and politicization of law enforcement. But the FBI has always been in the political spotlight—its history is dotted with episodes that have come under heavy scrutiny, from its surveillance of civil rights leaders during the 1960s to the methods it employs to combat domestic terrorism in the post-9/11 era. And all the while, FBI agents and offices across the country continue to investigate a wide range of lawbreaking, from organized crime (in all its facets) to white-collar crime and corruption by public officials.

Latin American Dictatorships in the Era of Fascism

António Costa Pinto
Latin American Dictatorships in the Era of Fascism Book PDF

Author : António Costa Pinto
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000448856

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Latin American Dictatorships in the Era of Fascism by António Costa Pinto Pdf

Latin American Dictatorships in the Era of Fascism focuses on the reverse-wave of dictatorships that emerged in Latin America during the 1930s and the transnational dissemination of authoritarian institutions in the era of fascism. António Costa Pinto revisits the study of authoritarian alternatives to liberal democracy in 1930s Latin America from the perspective of the diffusion of corporatism in the world of inter-war dictatorships. The book explores what drove the horizontal spread of corporatism in Latin America, the processes and direction of transnational diffusion, and how social and political corporatism became a central set of new institutions utilized by dictatorships during this era. These issues are studied through a transnational and comparative research design to reveal the extent of Latin America’s participation during the corporatist wave which by 1942 had significantly reduced the number of democratic regimes in the world. This book is essential reading for students studying Latin American history, 1930s dictatorships and authoritarianism, and the spread of corporatism.

Behind the Lodge Door

Paul A. Fisher
Behind the Lodge Door Book PDF

Author : Paul A. Fisher
Publisher : TAN Books
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781505102307

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Behind the Lodge Door by Paul A. Fisher Pdf

A probing analysis of Freemasonry in the U.S. in general, but especially relative to religious education, opposition to the Catholic Church, directing national social policy and how Masons attract members. Thoroughly documented. Immensely revealing. Covers the birth and rise of Freemasonry, the Catholic Church's early condemnation of it, etc. Essential to understanding the forces behind the scenes.

The Far Right and the Environment

Bernhard Forchtner
The Far Right and the Environment Book PDF

Author : Bernhard Forchtner
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351104029

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The Far Right and the Environment by Bernhard Forchtner Pdf

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, both the crisis of liberal democracy, as visible in, for example, the rise of far-right actors in Europe and the United States, and environmental crises, from declining biodiversity to climate change, are increasingly in the public spotlight. Whilst both areas have been analysed extensively on their own, The Far Right and the Environment: Politics, Discourse and Communication provides much needed insights into their intersection by illuminating the environmental communication of far-right party and non-party actors in Europe and the United States. Although commonly perceived as a ‘left-wing’ issue today, concerns over the natural environment by the far right have a long, ideology-driven history. Thus, it is not surprising that some members of the far right offer distinctive ecological visions of communal life, though, for example, climate-change scepticism is voiced too. Investigating this range of stances within their discourse about the natural environment provides a window into the wider politics of the far right and points to a close connection between the politics of identity and the imagination of nature. Connecting the fields of environmental communication and study of the far right, contributions to this edited volume therefore offer timely assessments of this often-overlooked dimension of far-right politics.

Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities

Tore Bjørgo,Miroslav Mareš
Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities Book PDF

Author : Tore Bjørgo,Miroslav Mareš
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429939259

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Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities by Tore Bjørgo,Miroslav Mareš Pdf

This edited volume traces the rise of far right vigilante movements – some who have been involved in serious violence against minorities, migrants and other vulnerable groups in society, whereas other vigilantes are intimidating but avoid using violence. Written by an international team of contributors, the book features case studies from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, and Asia. Each chapter is written to a common research template examining the national social and political context, the purpose of the vigilante group, how it is organised and operates, its communications and social media strategy and its relationship to mainstream social actors and institutions, and to similar groups in other countries. The final comparative chapter explores some of the broader research issues such as under which conditions such vigiliantism emerges, flourishes or fails, policing approaches, masculinity, the role of social media, responses from the state and civil society, and the evidence of transnational co-operation or inspiration. This is a groundbreaking volume which will be of particular interest to scholars with an interest in the extreme right, social movements, political violence, policing and criminology.

The March on Rome

Giulia Albanese
The March on Rome Book PDF

Author : Giulia Albanese
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351630740

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The March on Rome by Giulia Albanese Pdf

The aim of this book is to reconstruct the violent nature of the March on Rome and to emphasise its significance in demarcating a real break in the country's history and the beginning of the Fascist dictatorship. This aspect of the March has long been obscured: first by the Fascists' celebratory project, and then by the ironic and reductive interpretation of the event put forward by anti-Fascists. This volume focuses on the role and purpose of Fascist political violence from its origins. In doing so, it highlights the conflictual nature of the March by illustrating the violent impact it had on Italian institutions as well as the importance of a debate on this political turning point in Italy and beyond. The volume also examines how the event crucially contributed to the construction of a dictatorial political regime in Italy in the weeks following Mussolini's appointment as head of the government. Originally published in Italian, this book fills a notable gap in current critical discussion surrounding the March in the English language.

The Lives and Afterlives of Enoch Powell

Olivier Esteves,Stéphane Porion
The Lives and Afterlives of Enoch Powell Book PDF

Author : Olivier Esteves,Stéphane Porion
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429805165

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The Lives and Afterlives of Enoch Powell by Olivier Esteves,Stéphane Porion Pdf

50 years after Enoch Powell’s self-styled detonation in the form of his so-called ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech, this volume brings together contributions from international scholars in the field of history, political science and British studies, with new insights from hitherto unexplored archives. It investigates some of the key national and grassroots parameters which, from above and from below, led to Powell’s violent irruption into the immigration debate in 1968. It apprehends Powell as a political and intellectual figure firmly established in the British Tory tradition, a tradition which was to shape the 1970s debate on race and immigration, and be avidly instrumentalised by the British far-right. It also analyses Powell’s positioning vis-à-vis the Irish question, and apprehends Powell’s late-1960s moment from an international standpoint, as one of the early stages of the conservative revolution which was to culminate in 2016 with Trump’s election. Lastly, this book weaves a thread between Powell and another recent political detonation: Brexit.