The Lyotropic State Of Matter

Author : Alexander G Petrov
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1999-04-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 905699638X

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The Lyotropic State of Matter by Alexander G Petrov Pdf

The lyotropic state of matter embraces highly concentrated solutions of soaps and detergents, as well as such biologically active substances as lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and lipopolysaccharides. Since some of the most important living lyotropic structures are biological membranes, their study is multidisciplinary, ranging from the molecular physics and physical chemistry of interfaces to living matter physics in general, and membrane biophysics in particular. Written for liquid crystal scientists who are not familiar with lyotropics and membranes, for membranologists who are not familiar with liquid crystal physics, and for experts in these fields, The Lyotropic State of Matter: Molecular Physics and Living Matter Physics presents both theory and experiment, and provides an overview of the state of the art in this exciting area of study.

Author : Ingo Dierking ,Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783039433421

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New Trends in Lyotropic Liquid Crystals by Ingo Dierking ,Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto Pdf

Liquid crystals (LCs) were discovered more than a century ago, and were, for a long time, treated as a physical curiosity, until the development of flat panel screens and display devices caused a revolution in the information display industry, and in fact in society. There would be no mobile phones without liquid crystals, no flat screen TVs or computer monitors, no virtual reality, just to name a few of the applications that have changed our whole world of vision and perception. All of these inventions are based on liquid crystals that are formed through a change in temperature, thermotropic LCs. However, there is another form of liquid crystals, described even earlier, yet much less talked about; the lyotropic liquid crystals that occur through the change of concentration of some molecules in a solvent. These are found in abundance in nature, making up the cell membranes, and are used extensively in the food, detergents and cosmetics industries. In this collection of articles by experts in their respective research areas, we bring together some of the most recent and innovative aspects of lyotropic liquid crystals, which we believe will drive future research and set novel trends in this field.

Author : Johanna. R Bruckner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319272030

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A First Example of a Lyotropic Smectic C* Analog Phase by Johanna. R Bruckner Pdf

In this thesis Johanna Bruckner reports the discovery of the lyotropic counterpart of the thermotropic SmC* phase, which has become famous as the only spontaneously polarized, ferroelectric fluid in nature. By means of polarizing optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electro-optic experiments she firmly establishes aspects of the structure of the novel lyotropic liquid crystalline phase and elucidates its fascinating properties, among them a pronounced polar electro-optic effect, analogous to the ferroelectric switching of its thermotropic counterpart. The helical ground state of the mesophase raises the fundamental question of how chiral interactions are "communicated" across layers of more or less disordered and achiral solvent molecules which are located between adjacent bi-layers of the chiral amphiphile molecules. This thesis bridges an important gap between thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals and pioneers a new field of liquid crystal research.

Author : Robert E. Camley,Robert L. Stamps
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123742933

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Solid State Physics by Robert E. Camley,Robert L. Stamps Pdf

Solid state physics is the branch of physics primarily devoted to the study of matter in its solid phase, especially at the atomic level. This prestigious serial presents timely and state-of-the-art reviews pertaining to all aspects of solid state physics.

Author : Ingo Dierking
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783038971153

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Nanomaterials in Liquid Crystals by Ingo Dierking Pdf

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Nanomaterials in Liquid Crystals" that was published in Nanomaterials

Author : Uma Shanker,Manviri Rani
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000609912

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Liquid and Crystal Nanomaterials for Water Pollutants Remediation by Uma Shanker,Manviri Rani Pdf

Nanoscience technology is playing a vital role in multidisciplinary research due to its unique characteristics at nanoscale as compared to bulk materials. In view of such excellent properties, like high surface area, semiconducting nature, and non-toxicity, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising means to curb pollution. Liquid and crystal nanomaterials aim for products and processes that are ecofriendly, economically sustainable, safe, and energy-efficient. One of the most popular fields widely adopted is photocatalysis of nanomaterials that involves photo-conduction in efficient removal/degradation of noxious pollutants. This book focuses on generation of liquid and crystal nanomaterials for environmental remediation.

Author : John W. Goodby,Peter J. Collings,Takashi Kato,Carsten Tschierske,Helen Gleeson,Peter Raynes,Volkmar Vill
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 5240 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783527327737

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Handbook of Liquid Crystals, 8 Volume Set by John W. Goodby,Peter J. Collings,Takashi Kato,Carsten Tschierske,Helen Gleeson,Peter Raynes,Volkmar Vill Pdf

Much more than a slight revision, this second edition of the successful "Handbook of Liquid Crystals" is completely restructured and streamlined, with updated as well as completely new topics, 100% more content and a new team of editors and authors. As such, it fills the gap for a definitive, single source reference for all those working in the field of organized fluids and will set the standard for the next decade. The Handbook's new structure facilitates navigation and combines the presentation of the content by topic and by liquid-crystal type: A fundamentals volume sets the stage for an understanding of the liquid crystal state of matter, while individual volumes cover the main types and forms, with a final volume bringing together the diverse liquid crystal phases through their applications. This unrivaled, all-embracing coverage represents the undiluted knowledge on liquid crystals, making the Handbook a must-have wherever liquid crystals are investigated, produced or used, and in institutions where their science and technology is taught. Also available electronically on Wiley Online Library, www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/holc Volume 1: Fundamentals of Liquid Crystals Volume 2: Physical Properties and Phase Behavior of Liquid Crystals Volume 3: Nematic and Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystals Volume 4: Smectic and Columnar Liquid Crystals Volume 5: Non-Conventional Liquid Crystals Volume 6: Nanostructured and Amphiphilic Liquid Crystals Volume 7: Supermolecular and Polymeric Liquid Crystals Volume 8: Applications of Liquid Crystals

Author : Shri Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2024-05-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031526213

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Handbook of Liquid Crystals—Volume II by Shri Singh Pdf

Author : Maurice Kleman,Oleg D. Laverntovich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 637 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387217598

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Soft Matter Physics by Maurice Kleman,Oleg D. Laverntovich Pdf

The study of "soft matter" materials with complex properties has raised a number of interesting problems in basic physics, biology, and materials science, all of which promise new and important technological applications. After a review of chemical bonds and phase transitions, the authors treat topics such as surface phenomena, stability of colloidal systems, structural properties of polymers, and topological defects. The monograph's emphasis on underlying physical principles offers a coherent treatment of the great variety of research in the field.

Author : Christian Holm,Patrick Kékicheff,Rudolf Podgornik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 529 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401005777

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Electrostatic Effects in Soft Matter and Biophysics by Christian Holm,Patrick Kékicheff,Rudolf Podgornik Pdf

Soft Condensed Matter commonly deals with materials that are mechanically soft and, more importantly, particularly prone to thermal fluctuation effects. Charged soft matter systems are especially interesting: they can be manufactured artificially as polyelectrolytes to serve as superabsorbers in dypers, as flocculation and retention agents, as thickeners and gelling agents, and as oil-recovery process aids. They are also abundant in living organisms, mostly performing important structural (e.g. membranes) and functional (e.g. DNA) tasks. The book describes the many areas in soft matter and biophysics where electrostatic interactions play an important role. It offers in-depth coverage of recent theoretical approaches, advances in computer simulation, and novel experimental techniques. Readership: Advanced undergraduate level in physics, physical chemistry, and theoretical biochemistry.

Author : Ole G. Mouritsen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2006-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540270768

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Life - As a Matter of Fat by Ole G. Mouritsen Pdf

Presents a multi-disciplinary perspective on the physics of life and the particular role played by lipids and the lipid-bilayer component of cell membranes. Emphasizes the physical properties of lipid membranes seen as soft and molecularly structured interfaces. By combining and synthesizing insights obtained from a variety of recent studies, an attempt is made to clarify what membrane structure is and how it can be quantitatively described. Shows how biological function mediated by membranes is controlled by lipid membrane structure and organization on length scales ranging from the size of the individual molecule, across molecular assemblies of proteins and lipid domains in the range of nanometers, to the size of whole cells. Applications of lipids in nano-technology and biomedicine are also described.

Author : Eugene Michael Terentjev
Publisher : Oxford Handbooks
Page : 605 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199667925

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The Oxford Handbook of Soft Condensed Matter by Eugene Michael Terentjev Pdf

This Handbook serves both as an introduction and an overview of the field of soft condensed matter. The discussion covers topics ranging from the fundamentals of colloid science to the principles and action of surfactants, modern directions of research in liquid crystals, and the key properties of foams. The book also explores the fundamental physics that controls the structure and mechanics of granular matter; how the unusual and often dramatic mechanical properties of concentrated polymer systems are determined by the physics of entanglements; the complex structures formed by block copolymers and the methods of structure analysis; rubber elasticity and new emerging classes of rubber-elastic materials; the physics of polyelectrolytes; the solvent dynamics in polymer gels, in equilibrium and under mechanical stress; and the hierarchical structure and characteristics of an extracellular matrix.

Author : Ingo Dierking
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-01-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781782629825

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Polymer-modified Liquid Crystals by Ingo Dierking Pdf

A state-of-the-art account of current developments in polymer-dispersed liquid crystals and polymer-stabilized liquid crystals research.

Author : Patricia V. Johnston,Betty I. Roots
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483154572

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Nerve Membranes by Patricia V. Johnston,Betty I. Roots Pdf

Nerve Membranes: A Study of the Biological and Chemical Aspects of Neuron–Glia Relationships presents the various aspects of neuronal and glial structure and function. This book provides an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of neuron–glia relationships and of membranes in the nervous system. Comprised of seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the function of the biological membranes to improve, retard, and regulate the rate of cellular reactions. This text then determines the differences in the organization of the cells in the nervous system in the vertebrates and the invertebrates. Other chapters examine the role of certain intermolecular forces and of water in the organization of lipid–protein and lipid–lipid associations. This book reviews as well the theories of biological membrane structure and considers how these contribute towards understanding the methods by which membranes perform their role. This book is a valuable resource for neuroscientists, neurochemists, and researchers.

Author : Sabu Thomas,Nandakumar Kalarikkal,Ann Rose Abraham
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 686 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128223574

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Fundamentals and Properties of Multifunctional Nanomaterials by Sabu Thomas,Nandakumar Kalarikkal,Ann Rose Abraham Pdf

Fundamentals and Properties of Multifunctional Nanomaterials outlines the properties of highly intricate nanosystems, including liquid crystalline nanomaterials, magnetic nanosystems, ferroelectrics, nanomultiferroics, plasmonic nanosystems, carbon-based nanomaterials, 1D and 2D nanomaterials, and bio-nanomaterials. This book reveals the electromagnetic interference shielding properties of nanocomposites. The fundamental attributes of the nanosystems leading to the multifunctional applications in diverse areas are further explored throughout this book. This book is a valuable reference source for researchers in materials science and engineering, as well as in related disciplines, such as chemistry and physics. Explains the concepts and fundamental applications of a variety of multifunctional nanomaterials; Introduces fundamental principles in the fields of magnetism and multiferroics; Addresses ferromagnetics, multiferroics, and carbon nanomaterials.