The Mechanisms Of Reactions Influencing Atmospheric Ozone

Author : Jack George Calvert,John Joseph Orlando,William R. Stockwell,Timothy J. Wallington
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 609 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190233020

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The Mechanisms of Reactions Influencing Atmospheric Ozone by Jack George Calvert,John Joseph Orlando,William R. Stockwell,Timothy J. Wallington Pdf

Ozone, an important trace component, is critical to life on Earth and to atmospheric chemistry. The presence of ozone profoundly impacts the physical structure of the atmosphere and meteorology. Ozone is also an important photolytic source for HO radicals, the driving force for most of the chemistry that occurs in the lower atmosphere, is essential to shielding biota, and is the only molecule in the atmosphere that provides protection from UV radiation in the 250-300 nm region. However, recent concerns regarding environmental issues have inspired a need for a greater understanding of ozone, and the effects that it has on the Earth's atmosphere. The Mechanisms of Reactions Influencing Atmospheric Ozone provides an overview of the chemical processes associated with the formation and loss of ozone in the atmosphere, meeting the need for a greater body of knowledge regarding atmospheric chemistry. Renowned atmospheric researcher Jack Calvert and his coauthors discuss the various chemical and physical properties of the earth's atmosphere, the ways in which ozone is formed and destroyed, and the mechanisms of various ozone chemical reactions in the different spheres of the atmosphere. The volume is rich with valuable knowledge and useful descriptions, and will appeal to environmental scientists and engineers alike. A thorough analysis of the processes related to tropospheric ozone, The Mechanisms of Reactions Influencing Atmospheric Ozone is an essential resource for those hoping to combat the continuing and future environmental problems, particularly issues that require a deeper understanding of atmospheric chemistry.

Author : Georges Le Bras
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015042150907

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Chemical Processes in Atmospheric Oxidation by Georges Le Bras Pdf

Oxidation and removal of atmospheric constituents involve complex sequences of reactions which can lead to the production of photo-oxidants such as ozone. In order to understand and model these complex reaction sequences, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of reaction mechanisms and accurate estimates of kinetic parameters for relevant gas-phase atmospheric reactions. This book presents recent advances in the field and includes the following topics: e.g. the oxidation of simple organic compounds, NOx kinetics and mechanisms, OH radical production and rate constants for the OH attack on more complex organic compounds, peroxy and alkoxy radical reactions, photo-oxidation of aromatic and biogenic compounds, and the interaction between radical species.

Author : Jack Calvert,Abdelwahid Mellouki,John Orlando
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 1634 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199767076

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Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates by Jack Calvert,Abdelwahid Mellouki,John Orlando Pdf

Prepared by an international team of eminent atmospheric scientists, Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates is an authoritative source of information on the role of oxygenates in the chemistry of the atmosphere. The oxygenates, including the many different alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, and nitrogen-atom containing oxygenates, are of special interest today due to their increased use as alternative fuels and fuel additives. This book describes the physical properties of oxygenates, as well as the chemical and photochemical parameters that determine their reaction pathways in the atmosphere. Quantitative descriptions of the pathways of the oxygenates from release or formation in the atmosphere to final products are provided, as is a comprehensive review and evaluation of the extensive kinetic literature on the atmospheric chemistry of the different oxygenates and their many halogen-atom substituted analogues. This book will be of interest to modelers of atmospheric chemistry, environmental scientists and engineers, and air quality planning agencies as a useful input for development of realistic modules designed to simulate the atmospheric chemistry of the oxygenates, their major oxidation products, and their influence on ozone and other trace gases within the troposhere.

Author : W. Seiler,K.-H. Becker,E. Schaller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401003995

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Tropospheric Chemistry by W. Seiler,K.-H. Becker,E. Schaller Pdf

The formation, transport and impact of photo-oxidants, e.g., ozone, is a major environmental problem in densely populated areas with corresponding high emissions of ozone precursor substances such as NOx and volatile organic carbon compounds (VOC). Although major progress has been achieved within the last decade, there are still significant uncertainties in our understanding of the chemical behavior of the polluted atmosphere, in particular the interaction between cities and surrounding areas as well as the contribution of pollution to the global changes, e.g., the oxidation capacity of the troposphere. This book focuses on specific issues related to the chemistry of polluted atmospheres. The main issues cover areas such as modelling, emission inventories, chemical transformation as well as transport of pollutants on an urban/regional scale. The overall topic of the book is addressed in an interdisciplinary approach. The book is of specific interest for advanced researchers in tropospheric chemistry, from the PhD or post-doctoral levels and beyond.

Author : Jack G Calvert,Richard G Derwent,John J Orlando,Geoffrey S Tyndall,Timothy J Wallington
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1008 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2008-09-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 0199710880

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Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkanes by Jack G Calvert,Richard G Derwent,John J Orlando,Geoffrey S Tyndall,Timothy J Wallington Pdf

An international team of eminent atmospheric scientists have prepared Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkanes as an authoritative source of information on the role of alkanes in the chemistry of the atmosphere. The book includes the properties of the alkanes and haloalkanes, as well as a comprehensive review and evaluation of the existing literature on the atmospheric chemistry of the alkanes and their major atmospheric oxidation products, and the various approaches now used to model the alkane atmospheric chemistry. Comprehensive coverage is given of both the unsubstituted alkanes and the many haloalkanes. All the existing quality measurements of the rate coefficients for the reactions of OH, Cl, O(3P), NO3, and O3 with the alkanes, the haloalkanes, and their major oxidation products have been reviewed and evaluated. The expert authors then give recommendations of the most reliable kinetic data. They also review the extensive literature on the mechanisms and rates and modes of photodecomposition of the haloalkanes and the products of atmospheric oxidation of the alkanes and the haloalkanes, and make recommendations for future use by atmospheric scientists. The evaluations presented allow an extrapolation of the existing kinetic and photochemical data to those alkanes and haloalkanes that are as yet unstudied. The current book should be of special interest and value to the modelers of atmospheric chemistry as a useful input for development of realistic modules designed to simulate the atmospheric chemistry of the alkanes, their major oxidation products, and their influence on ozone and other trace gases within the troposphere.

Author : John H. Seinfeld,Spyros N. Pandis
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 2197 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119221173

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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics by John H. Seinfeld,Spyros N. Pandis Pdf

Expanded and updated with new findings and new features New chapter on Global Climate providing a self-contained treatment of climate forcing, feedbacks, and climate sensitivity New chapter on Atmospheric Organic Aerosols and new treatment of the statistical method of Positive Matrix Factorization Updated treatments of physical meteorology, atmospheric nucleation, aerosol-cloud relationships, chemistry of biogenic hydrocarbons Each topic developed from the fundamental science to the point of application to real-world problems New problems at an introductory level to aid in classroom teaching

Author : Jack George Calvert
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 574 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015048566031

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The Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkenes by Jack George Calvert Pdf

The formation of smog in urban atmospheres involves the interaction of sunlight with an air mixture containing nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons -- the most reactive class of these hydrocarbons being alkenes. This important new book, by a team of leading atmospheric chemists, reviews and evaluates the existing literature on the atmospheric chemistry of these compounds, focusing on the search for a more quantitative understanding of the phenomenon which can then be applied to control methods. It includes detailed examinations of the reactions of alkenes and even suggests areas for further laboratory studies. This book is ideal for climatologists, meteorologists, and scientists studying the chemistry of the atmosphere and can also serve as a valuable text for graduate courses in atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric science.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:314033915

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Atmospheric Ozone by Anonim Pdf

Author : Kevin Michael Hickson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:59397945

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A Study of Several Reactions Relevant to Atmospheric Ozone Chemistry by Kevin Michael Hickson Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1999-09-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309064453

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Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Ozone-Forming Potential of Reformulated Gasoline Pdf

The Committee on Ozone-Forming Potential for Reformulated Gasoline was asked whether the existing body of scientific and technical information is sufficient to permit a robust evaluation and comparison of the emissions from motor vehicles using different reformulated gasolines based on their ozone-forming potentials and to assess the concomitant impact of that approach on air-quality benefits of the use of oxygenates within the RFG program. As part of its charge, the committee was asked to consider (1) the technical soundness of various approaches for evaluating and comparing the relative ozone-forming potentials of RFG blends, (2) technical aspects of various air-quality issues related to RFG assessment, and (3) the sensitivity of evaluations of the relative ozone-forming potentials to factors related to fuel properties and the variability of vehicle technologies and driving patterns.

Author : Daniel J. Jacob
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780691001852

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Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry by Daniel J. Jacob Pdf

Atmospheric chemistry is one of the fastest growing fields in the earth sciences. Until now, however, there has been no book designed to help students capture the essence of the subject in a brief course of study. Daniel Jacob, a leading researcher and teacher in the field, addresses that problem by presenting the first textbook on atmospheric chemistry for a one-semester course. Based on the approach he developed in his class at Harvard, Jacob introduces students in clear and concise chapters to the fundamentals as well as the latest ideas and findings in the field. Jacob's aim is to show students how to use basic principles of physics and chemistry to describe a complex system such as the atmosphere. He also seeks to give students an overview of the current state of research and the work that led to this point. Jacob begins with atmospheric structure, design of simple models, atmospheric transport, and the continuity equation, and continues with geochemical cycles, the greenhouse effect, aerosols, stratospheric ozone, the oxidizing power of the atmosphere, smog, and acid rain. Each chapter concludes with a problem set based on recent scientific literature. This is a novel approach to problem-set writing, and one that successfully introduces students to the prevailing issues. This is a major contribution to a growing area of study and will be welcomed enthusiastically by students and teachers alike.

Author : Jan Derco,Marian Koman
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789233827

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Ozone in Nature and Practice by Jan Derco,Marian Koman Pdf

Ozone has an important and irreplaceable function in nature and human society. It preserves life on the Earth by stratospheric ozone layer. On the other hand, the formation of ground-level ozone by reactions of hydrocarbons with nitrogen dioxide in the presence of sunlight has adverse effects on humans and animals as well as on various materials. This book concentrates on the protection of stratospheric ozone and prevention of ground-level ozone formation; applications of its strong oxidizing properties in the treatment of water, wastewater and sludge; odor and color removal; uses in medicine as a disinfectant; and various other ozone therapies. It also deals with catalytic ozonation in water treatment, control methods for ozone applications on biological systems, various areas of ozone use in dental care, follow-up therapy and prevention.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Tropospheric Ozone
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 525 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1992-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309046312

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Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Tropospheric Ozone Pdf

Despite more than 20 years of regulatory efforts, concern is widespread that ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, threatens the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. This book discusses how scientific information can be used to develop more effective regulations to control ozone. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution discusses: The latest data and analysis on how tropospheric ozone is formed. How well our measurement techniques are functioning. Deficiencies in efforts to date to control the problem. Approaches to reducing ozone precursor emissions that hold the most promise. What additional research is needed. With a wealth of technical information, the book discusses atmospheric chemistry, the role of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation, monitoring and modeling the formation and transport processes, and the potential contribution of alternative fuels to solving the tropospheric ozone problem. The committee discusses criteria for designing more effective ozone control efforts. Because of its direct bearing on decisions to be made under the Clean Air Act, this book should be of great interest to environmental advocates, industry, and the regulatory community as well as scientists, faculty, and students.

Author : Philip Leighton
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323156455

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Photochemistry of Air Pollution by Philip Leighton Pdf

Photochemistry of Air Pollution provides information pertinent to air pollution and atmospheric chemistry. This book discusses the photochemical reactions produced by sunlight may convert relatively harmless pollutants into substances that constitute a nuisance, create possible health hazard, and cause economic problem to humans. Organized into 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the problem of air pollution, particularly photochemical smog. This text then discusses the factors that collectively determine the amount and spectral distribution of the radiation entering a surface layer of the atmosphere. Other chapters compare the specific absorption rates of several absorbers that are present in the air during periods of photochemical smog, including oxygen, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ketones, peroxides, and particulate matter. The final chapter deals with the process of formation of the substances responsible for the physiological effects of eye irritation and plant damage. This book is a valuable resource for photochemists and air pollution scientists.

Author : Rolf Müller (physicien.)
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781849730020

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Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change by Rolf Müller (physicien.) Pdf

In recent years, several new concepts have emerged in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion, creating a need for a concise in-depth publication covering the ozone-climate issue. This monograph fills that void in the literature and gives detailed treatment of recent advances in the field of stratospheric ozone depletion. It puts particular emphasis on the coupling between changes in the ozone layer and atmospheric change caused by a changing climate. The book, written by leading experts in the field, brings the reader the most recent research in this area and fills the gap between advanced textbooks and assessments.