The Nature Nurture Debates

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The Nature-Nurture Debates

Dale Goldhaber
The Nature Nurture Debates Book PDF

Author : Dale Goldhaber
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-07-09
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781139536004

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The Nature-Nurture Debates by Dale Goldhaber Pdf

How is it possible that in more than one hundred years, the nature-nurture debate has not come to a satisfactory resolution? The problem, Dale Goldhaber argues, lies not with the proposed answers, but with the question itself. In The Nature-Nurture Debate, Goldhaber reviews the four major perspectives on the issue - behavior genetics, environment, evolutionary psychology and developmental systems theory - and shows that the classic, reductionist strategies (behavior genetics and environmental approaches) are incapable of resolving the issue because they each offer a false perspective on the process of human development. It is only through a synthesis of the two holistic perspectives of evolutionary psychology and developmental systems theory that we will be able to understand the nature of human behavior.

Eugenics and the Nature-Nurture Debate in the Twentieth Century

A. Gillette
Eugenics and the Nature Nurture Debate in the Twentieth Century Book PDF

Author : A. Gillette
Publisher : Springer
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780230608900

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Eugenics and the Nature-Nurture Debate in the Twentieth Century by A. Gillette Pdf

Gillette shows that the sciences of sociobiology and evolutionary psychology were undergoing rapid development in the early Twentieth century. However, many of the early researchers in these sciences were also eugenicists. With the rise of behaviourism and the reaction against eugenics in the 1930s, any scientific claims that behaviour might be influenced by heredity were suppressed for ideological reasons.

Can Science Resolve the Nature / Nurture Debate?

Margaret Lock,Gisli Palsson
Can Science Resolve the Nature Nurture Debate Book PDF

Author : Margaret Lock,Gisli Palsson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-20
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780745690001

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Can Science Resolve the Nature / Nurture Debate? by Margaret Lock,Gisli Palsson Pdf

Following centuries of debate about "nature and nurture" the discovery of DNA established the idea that nature (genes) determines who we are, relegating nurture (environment) to icing on the cake. Since the 1950s, the new science of epigenetics has demonstrated how cellular environments and certain experiences and behaviors influence gene expression at the molecular level, with significant implications for health and wellbeing. To the amazement of scientists, mapping the human genome indirectly supported these insights. Anthropologists Margaret Lock and Gisli Palsson outline vituperative arguments from Classical times about the relationship between nature and nurture, furthered today by epigenetic findings and the demonstration of a "reactive genome." The nature/nurture debate, they show, can never be put to rest, because these concepts are in constant flux in response to the new insights science continually offers.

The Nature-Nurture Debate

Stephen J. Ceci,Wendy M. Williams
The Nature Nurture Debate Book PDF

Author : Stephen J. Ceci,Wendy M. Williams
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2000-01-21
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0631217398

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The Nature-Nurture Debate by Stephen J. Ceci,Wendy M. Williams Pdf

The Nature/Nurture Debate: The Essential Readings provides students with a selection of some of the key articles by key researchers in this core area of developmental psychology.

Beyond Versus

James Tabery
Beyond Versus Book PDF

Author : James Tabery
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2023-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262549608

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Beyond Versus by James Tabery Pdf

Why the “nature versus nurture” debate persists despite widespread recognition that human traits arise from the interaction of nature and nurture. If everyone now agrees that human traits arise not from nature or nurture but from the interaction of nature and nurture, why does the “nature versus nurture” debate persist? In Beyond Versus, James Tabery argues that the persistence stems from a century-long struggle to understand the interaction of nature and nurture—a struggle to define what the interaction of nature and nurture is, how it should be investigated, and what counts as evidence for it. Tabery examines past episodes in the nature versus nurture debates, offers a contemporary philosophical perspective on them, and considers the future of research on the interaction of nature and nurture. From the eugenics controversy of the 1930s and the race and IQ controversy of the 1970s to the twenty-first-century debate over the causes of depression, Tabery argues, the polarization in these discussions can be attributed to what he calls an “explanatory divide”—a disagreement over how explanation works in science, which in turn has created two very different concepts of interaction. Drawing on recent developments in the philosophy of science, Tabery offers a way to bridge this explanatory divide and these different concepts integratively. Looking to the future, Tabery evaluates the ethical issues that surround genetic testing for genes implicated in interactions of nature and nurture, pointing to what the future does (and does not) hold for a science that continues to make headlines and raise controversy.

The Nature of Nurture

Theodore D. Wachs
The Nature of Nurture Book PDF

Author : Theodore D. Wachs
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1992-08-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781452246185

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The Nature of Nurture by Theodore D. Wachs Pdf

Are there certain periods in a child′s development when he or she may be more sensitive to specific environmental influences than at earlier or later times? Are preschool teachers equally nurturant to securely attached versus insecurely attached children? Are girls more sensitive than boys to parental maltreatment? Designed to synthesize what we know about the nature of environmental influences (nurture) upon development, Wachs artfully explores whether development depends upon a sole factor--the rearing environment, genetics, nutrition, or individual characteristics-- or, whether the degree of directional consistency combined with the extent of covariance among these factors may have the most developmental impact. Issues such as how individuals respond differently to stress, medical treatment, parenting styles, teaching approaches and daycare centers are all discussed through careful analysis of research and theories from a variety of fields. Researchers, teachers, and intervention specialists of developmental psychology, family studies, social psychology, education, and nursing will find The Nature of Nurture an inspiration to further examine how environmental systems determine variability in developmental outcomes and what can be done to promote optimal outcomes for individual children. USE IN NEXT AD (2/1/94): "In The Nature of Nurture Wachs does precisely what he intends to do. He lays out clearly and thoroughly what we know and do not know about environmental influences on human development, and he builds on the conceptual and empirical work of others to move research on environmental effects forward in productive and exciting ways. . . . [It] should serve as a bible for future research on the environment and development. As such, it is a must read for developmental psychologists from all specialty areas, to graduate students, and to upper level undergraduates. This is an eminently readable and important book." --Contemporary Psychology "The Nature of Nurture provides a thorough and thoughtful review and analysis of state-of-the-art theory, concepts, and evidence pertaining to the effect of the environment on human development. Especially important is the attention the author pays to the multidimensional nature of the environment, to individual differences among children, and to the need to consider both of these domains of complexity for understanding the development of specific aspects of psychological and behavioral functioning." --Jay Belsky, The Pennsylvania State University "The Nature of Nurture provides extended treatments of issues rarely dealt with in detail, including organism-environment covariance and organism-environment interaction. All in all, this is an excellent choice for those interested in studying complex, dynamic interplay of organism and environment. It deals with a number of critical design and theory issues; and it ends with a hybrid ecological developmental model designed to integrate studies of experience and offers a useful discussion of future trends in an emerging area of developmental studies." --Child Development Abstracts & Bibliography

The Mirage of a Space between Nature and Nurture

Evelyn Fox Keller
The Mirage of a Space between Nature and Nurture Book PDF

Author : Evelyn Fox Keller
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2010-06-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780822392811

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The Mirage of a Space between Nature and Nurture by Evelyn Fox Keller Pdf

In this powerful critique, the esteemed historian and philosopher of science Evelyn Fox Keller addresses the nature-nurture debates, including the persistent disputes regarding the roles played by genes and the environment in determining individual traits and behavior. Keller is interested in both how an oppositional “versus” came to be inserted between nature and nurture, and how the distinction on which that opposition depends, the idea that nature and nurture are separable, came to be taken for granted. How, she asks, did the illusion of a space between nature and nurture become entrenched in our thinking, and why is it so tenacious? Keller reveals that the assumption that the influences of nature and nurture can be separated is neither timeless nor universal, but rather a notion that emerged in Anglo-American culture in the late nineteenth century. She shows that the seemingly clear-cut nature-nurture debate is riddled with incoherence. It encompasses many disparate questions knitted together into an indissoluble tangle, and it is marked by a chronic ambiguity in language. There is little consensus about the meanings of terms such as nature, nurture, gene, and environment. Keller suggests that contemporary genetics can provide a more appropriate, precise, and useful vocabulary, one that might help put an end to the confusion surrounding the nature-nurture controversy.

Gender, Nature, and Nurture

Richard A. Lippa
Gender Nature and Nurture Book PDF

Author : Richard A. Lippa
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2005-05-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135604257

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Gender, Nature, and Nurture by Richard A. Lippa Pdf

This engaging text presents the latest scientific findings on gender differences, similarities, and variations--in sexuality, cognitive abilities, occupational preferences, personality, and social behaviors. The impact of nature and nurture on gender is examined from the perspectives of genetics, molecular biology, evolutionary theory, neuroanatomy, sociology, and psychology. The result is a balanced, fair-minded synthesis of diverse points of view. Dr. Lippa's text sympathetically summarizes each side of the nature-nurture debate, and in a witty imagined conversation between a personified "nature" and "nurture," he identifies weaknesses in the arguments offered by both sides. His review defines gender, summarizes research on gender differences, examines the nature of masculinity and femininity, describes theories of gender, and presents a "cascade model," which argues that nature and nurture weave together to form the complex tapestry known as gender. Gender, Nature, and Nurture, Second Edition features: *new research on sex differences in personality, moral thought, coping styles, sexual and antisocial behavior, and psychological adjustment; *the results of a new meta-analysis of sex differences in real-life measures of aggression; *new sections on non-hormonal direct genetic effects on sexual differentiation; hormones and maternal behavior; and on gender, work, and pay; and *expanded accounts of sex differences in children's play and activity levels; social learning theories of gender, and social constructionist views of gender. This lively "primer" is an ideal book for courses on gender studies, the psychology of women, or of men, and gender roles. Its wealth of updated information will stimulate the professional reader, and its accessible style will captivate the student and general reader.

Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment

Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Assessing Interactions Among Social, Behavioral, and Genetic Factors in Health
Genes Behavior and the Social Environment Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Assessing Interactions Among Social, Behavioral, and Genetic Factors in Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2006-12-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309101967

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Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Assessing Interactions Among Social, Behavioral, and Genetic Factors in Health Pdf

Over the past century, we have made great strides in reducing rates of disease and enhancing people's general health. Public health measures such as sanitation, improved hygiene, and vaccines; reduced hazards in the workplace; new drugs and clinical procedures; and, more recently, a growing understanding of the human genome have each played a role in extending the duration and raising the quality of human life. But research conducted over the past few decades shows us that this progress, much of which was based on investigating one causative factor at a time—often, through a single discipline or by a narrow range of practitioners—can only go so far. Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment examines a number of well-described gene-environment interactions, reviews the state of the science in researching such interactions, and recommends priorities not only for research itself but also for its workforce, resource, and infrastructural needs.

The Nurture Assumption

Judith Rich Harris
The Nurture Assumption Book PDF

Author : Judith Rich Harris
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Child development
ISBN : 9780684857077

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The Nurture Assumption by Judith Rich Harris Pdf

Harris takes on the "experts" and boldly questions conventional wisdom of parents' role in their children's lives, asserting that it's not the home environment that shapes children, but the environment they share with their peers.

Sociobiology: Beyond Nature/nurture?

George W Barlow,James Silverberg,Frank B Livingstone
Sociobiology Beyond Nature nurture Book PDF

Author : George W Barlow,James Silverberg,Frank B Livingstone
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-06-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000312096

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Sociobiology: Beyond Nature/nurture? by George W Barlow,James Silverberg,Frank B Livingstone Pdf

To most biologists, sociobiology represents the concept of strict Darwinian individual selection married to an analytical application of ecological principles and brought to bear on social behavior in an unusually exciting and productive way. Joining the biologists are a small number of social scientists. But there are radically divergent views as to how the field should be delimited, and sociobiology is one of the most widely discussed fields in biology and anthropology today. The symposium on which this book is based was arranged by a biologist and an anthropologist. The participants, leaders in their fields, ably present contrasting and responsible views on current issues. This is the first collection of essays on sociobiology in which opposing views are aired. It is an exciting, timely book and an important historical document.

From Neurons to Neighborhoods

National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development
From Neurons to Neighborhoods Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2000-11-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309069885

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From Neurons to Neighborhoods by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development Pdf

How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

From Molecules to Minds

Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders
From Molecules to Minds Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2008-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309120920

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From Molecules to Minds by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders Pdf

Neuroscience has made phenomenal advances over the past 50 years and the pace of discovery continues to accelerate. On June 25, 2008, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders hosted more than 70 of the leading neuroscientists in the world, for a workshop titled "From Molecules to Minds: Challenges for the 21st Century." The objective of the workshop was to explore a set of common goals or "Grand Challenges" posed by participants that could inspire and rally both the scientific community and the public to consider the possibilities for neuroscience in the 21st century. The progress of the past in combination with new tools and techniques, such as neuroimaging and molecular biology, has positioned neuroscience on the cusp of even greater transformational progress in our understanding of the brain and how its inner workings result in mental activity. This workshop summary highlights the important issues and challenges facing the field of neuroscience as presented to those in attendance at the workshop, as well as the subsequent discussion that resulted. As a result, three overarching Grand Challenges emerged: How does the brain work and produce mental activity? How does physical activity in the brain give rise to thought, emotion, and behavior? How does the interplay of biology and experience shape our brains and make us who we are today? How do we keep our brains healthy? How do we protect, restore, or enhance the functioning of our brains as we age?

Gene Worship

Gisela Kaplan,Lesley J. Rogers
Gene Worship Book PDF

Author : Gisela Kaplan,Lesley J. Rogers
Publisher : Other Press, LLC
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010-08-10
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781590514528

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Gene Worship by Gisela Kaplan,Lesley J. Rogers Pdf

"A wonderful antidote to the gene hysteria that is now so dominant! . . . What is most exciting about this book is the authors' ability to move seamlessly from research on how the brain works, to sociology, history, and philosophy. And that, I believe, is exactly how we need to understand gender--neither nature nor nurture, but a complex interplay." - Dr. Lynda Birke, author of Feminism and the Biological Body This work moves beyond the old nature/nurture debate concerning what makes us who we are to present a new understanding of gender and sexuality. Since the mapping of the human genome there has been widespread coverage of scientific discoveries in the offing, and of the host of human problems to be solved through gene therapy, from physical defects to mental disease and even so-called 'undesirable' behavior. As biologists with expertise in neuroscience, ethology, psychology, sociology and human ethos, Kaplan and Rogers are uniquely situated to evaluate the claims of their colleagues concerning the knowledge to be gained through the study of our biological make-up. They caution against the seductive belief that, once we understand our biological constitution, it is but a short step to complete mastery of human nature. Furthermore, they show that this belief is yet another example of how science can be subverted to defend the claims of the ruling ideology.

The Nurture Versus Biosocial Debate in Criminology

Kevin M. Beaver,J.C. Barnes,Brian B. Boutwell
The Nurture Versus Biosocial Debate in Criminology Book PDF

Author : Kevin M. Beaver,J.C. Barnes,Brian B. Boutwell
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781483311760

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The Nurture Versus Biosocial Debate in Criminology by Kevin M. Beaver,J.C. Barnes,Brian B. Boutwell Pdf

The Nurture Versus Biosocial Debate in Criminology: On the Origins of Criminal Behavior and Criminality takes a contemporary approach to address the sociological and the biological positions of human behavior by allowing preeminent scholars in criminology to speak to the effects of each on a range of topics. Kevin M. Beaver, J.C. Barnes, and Brian B. Boutwell aim to facilitate an open and honest debate between the more traditional criminologists who focus primarily on environmental factors and contemporary biosocial criminologists who examine the interplay between biology/genetics and environmental factors.