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Author : K. J. W. Craik
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1967-10
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0521094453
In his only complete work of any length, Kenneth Craik considers thought as a term for the conscious working of a highly complex machine.
Author : Kenneth James Williams Craik
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1952
Category : Causation
ISBN : OCLC:844533216
Author : Peter Achinstein
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Explanation
ISBN : 9780195037432
A new approach to the definition of scientific explanation. Unlike standard theories, it focuses initially on the explaining act itself, to which reference must be made in order to understand what an explanation is and how it can be evaluated in the sciences.
Author : Peter Achinstein
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1985-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198020769
Offering a new approach to scientific explanation, this book focuses initially on the explaining act itself. From that act, a "product" emerges: an explanation. To understand what that product is, as well as how it can be evaluated in the sciences, reference must be made to the concept of the explaining act. Following an account of the explaining act, its product, and the evaluation of explanations, the theory is brought to bear on these issues: Why have the standard models of scientific explanation been unsuccessful, and can there be a model of the type sought? What is causal explanation, and must explanation in the sciences be causal? What is a functional explanation? The "illocutionary" theory of explanation developed at the outset is used in discussing these issues, and contrasting philosophical viewpoints are assessed.
Author : Peter Kosso
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1992-07-31
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521426820
Why should we believe what science tells us about the world? Observation data, confirmation of theories, and the explanation of phenomena are all considered in an introductory survey of the philosophy of science.
Author : Jude P. Dougherty
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780813220147
In his newest work, distinguished philosopher Jude P. Dougherty challenges contemporary empiricisms and other accounts of science that reduce it to description and prediction.
Author : J. Faye
Publisher : Springer
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781137389831
Scientific thinking must be understood as an activity. The acts of interpretation, representation, and explanation are the cognitive processes by which scientific thinking leads to understanding. The book explores the nature of these processes and describes how scientific thinking can only be grasped from a pragmatic perspective.
Author : David Landy
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351383240
Hume’s Science of Human Nature is an investigation of the philosophical commitments underlying Hume's methodology in pursuing what he calls ‘the science of human nature’. It argues that Hume understands scientific explanation as aiming at explaining the inductively-established universal regularities discovered in experience via an appeal to the nature of the substance underlying manifest phenomena. For years, scholars have taken Hume to employ a deliberately shallow and demonstrably untenable notion of scientific explanation. By contrast, Hume’s Science of Human Nature sets out to update our understanding of Hume’s methodology by using a more sophisticated picture of science as a model.
Author : Kenneth J. W. Craik
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780521047548
This selection of papers from Kenneth Craik, explores the measurement of perception, sensory physiology and the relationship of nervous function to machines.
Author : Kenneth J. W. Craik
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1068001322
Author : Wei Wang
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317541318
Scientific explanation, laws of nature, and causation are crucial and frontier issues in the philosophy of science. This book studies the complex relationship between the three concepts, aiming to achieve a holistic synthesis about explanation–laws–causation. By reviewing Hempel's scientific explanation models and Salmon's three conceptions – the epistemic, modal, and ontic conception – the book suggests that laws are essential to explanation and that our understanding of laws will help solve the problems of the latter. Concerning the nature of laws, this book tackles both the problems of regularity approach and necessitarian approach. It also proposes that the ontological order of explanation should be from events (or processes) to causation, then to regularity (laws), and finally to science system, but the epistemological order should be from science system to laws to explanation and causation. In addition, this book examines the legitimacy of ceteris paribus laws, the connection between explanation and reduction, the relation between explanation and interpretation, and some other issues closely related to explanation–laws–causation. This book will attract scholars and students of philosophy of science, natural sciences, social sciences, etc.
Author : Mariska Leunissen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-08-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139490412
In Aristotle's teleological view of the world, natural things come to be and are present for the sake of some function or end (for example, wings are present in birds for the sake of flying). Whereas much of recent scholarship has focused on uncovering the (meta-)physical underpinnings of Aristotle's teleology and its contrasts with his notions of chance and necessity, this book examines Aristotle's use of the theory of natural teleology in producing explanations of natural phenomena. Close analyses of Aristotle's natural treatises and his Posterior Analytics show what methods are used for the discovery of functions or ends that figure in teleological explanations, how these explanations are structured, and how well they work in making sense of phenomena. The book will be valuable for all who are interested in Aristotle's natural science, his philosophy of science, and his biology.
Author : S. Psillos
Publisher : Springer
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780230234666
In this sequel to the highly acclaimed Scientific Realism: How Science Tracks Truth , Psillos discusses recent developments in scientific realism and explores realist theses and commitments. He examines the structuralist turn in the philosophy of science and offers a framework within which inference to the best explanation can be defended.
Author : John Cornwell
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2004-04-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0198607784
Our lives, states of health, relationships, behaviour, experiences of the natural world, and the technologies that shape our contemporary existence are subject to a superfluity of competing, multi-faceted and sometimes incompatible explanations. Widespread confusion about the nature of 'explanation' and its scope and limits pervades popular exposition of the natural sciences, popular history and philosophy of science. This fascinating and intriguing book explores the wayexplanations work, why they vary between disciplines, periods, and cultures, and whether they have any necessary boundaries. In other words, Explanations aims to achieve a better understanding of explanation, both within the sciences and the humanities. It features contributions from expert writers from a widerange of disciplines, including science, philosophy, mathematics, and social anthropology.
Author : Michael Strevens
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2011-09-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674062573
What does it mean for scientists to truly understand, rather than to merely describe, how the world works? Michael Strevens proposes a novel theory of scientific explanation and understanding that overhauls and augments the familiar causal approach to explanation. What is replaced is the test for explanatorily relevant causal information: Strevens discards the usual criterion of counterfactual dependence in favor of a criterion that turns on a process of progressive abstraction away from a fully detailed, physical causal story. The augmentations include the introduction of a new, non-causal explanatory relevance relation—entanglement—and an independent theory of the role of black-boxing and functional specification in explanation. The abstraction-centered notion of difference-making leads to a rich causal treatment of many aspects of explanation that have been either ignored or handled inadequately by earlier causal approaches, including the explanation of laws and other regularities, with particular attention to the explanation of physically contingent high-level laws, idealization in explanation, and probabilistic explanation in deterministic systems, as in statistical physics, evolutionary biology, and medicine. The result is an account of explanation that has especially significant consequences for the higher-level sciences: biology, psychology, economics, and other social sciences.