The Nature Of Syntactic Representation

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The Nature of Syntactic Representation

Pauline Jacobson,G.K. Pullum
The Nature of Syntactic Representation Book PDF

Author : Pauline Jacobson,G.K. Pullum
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789400977075

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The Nature of Syntactic Representation by Pauline Jacobson,G.K. Pullum Pdf

The work collected in this book represents the results of some intensive recent work on the syntax of natural languages. The authors' differing viewpoints have in common the program of revising current conceptions of syntactic representation so that the role of transformational derivations is reduced or eliminated. The fact that the papers cross-refer to each other a good deal, and that authors assuming quite different fram{:works are aware of each other's results and address themselves to shared problems, is partly the result of a conference on the nature of syntactic representation that was held at Brown University in May 1979 with the express purpose of bringing together different lines of research in syntax. The papers in this volume mostly arise out of work that was presented in preliminary form at that conference, though much rewriting and further research has been done in the interim period. Two papers are included because although they were not given even in preliminary form at the conference, it has become clear since then that they interrelate with the work of the conference so much that they cannot reasonably be left out: Gerald Gazdar's statement of his program for phrase structure description of natural language forms the theoretical basis that is assumed by Maling and Zaenen and by Sag, and David Dowty's paper represents a bridge between the relational grammar exemplified here in the papers by Perlmutter and Postal on the one hand and the Montague

Contrast and Representations in Syntax

Bronwyn M. Bjorkman,Daniel Currie Hall
Contrast and Representations in Syntax Book PDF

Author : Bronwyn M. Bjorkman,Daniel Currie Hall
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780192550194

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Contrast and Representations in Syntax by Bronwyn M. Bjorkman,Daniel Currie Hall Pdf

This book explores how grammatical oppositions - for instance, the contrast between present and past tense - are represented in the syntax of natural languages. The nature of syntactic contrast is tied to a fundamental question in generative syntactic theory: what is universal in syntax, and what is variable? The chapters in this volume examine the dual role of features, which both define a set of paradigmatic contrasts and act as the building blocks of syntactic structures and the drivers of syntactic operations. In both of these roles, features are increasingly considered the locus of parametric variation. This identification of parameters with features has opened up new possibilities for investigating connections between the morphological system of a language and its syntax, and suggests a new role for featural contrast in syntactic theory. The contributors to this volume address these two major questions from a range of perspectives, drawing on data from a variety of typologically diverse languages, including Blackfoot, Greek, Onondaga, and Scottish Gaelic.

Levels of Syntactic Representation

Robert May,Jan Koster
Levels of Syntactic Representation Book PDF

Author : Robert May,Jan Koster
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110874167

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Levels of Syntactic Representation by Robert May,Jan Koster Pdf

The architecture of the human language faculty has been one of the main foci of the linguistic research of the last half century. This branch of linguistics, broadly known as Generative Grammar, is concerned with the formulation of explanatory formal accounts of linguistic phenomena with the ulterior goal of gaining insight into the properties of the 'language organ'. The series comprises high quality monographs and collected volumes that address such issues. The topics in this series range from phonology to semantics, from syntax to information structure, from mathematical linguistics to studies of the lexicon. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert

Syntactic Structures

Noam Chomsky
Syntactic Structures Book PDF

Author : Noam Chomsky
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783112316009

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Syntactic Structures by Noam Chomsky Pdf

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The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax

Marcel den Dikken
The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax Book PDF

Author : Marcel den Dikken
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781107354586

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The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax by Marcel den Dikken Pdf

Syntax – the study of sentence structure – has been at the centre of generative linguistics from its inception and has developed rapidly and in various directions. The Cambridge Handbook of Generative Syntax provides a historical context for what is happening in the field of generative syntax today, a survey of the various generative approaches to syntactic structure available in the literature and an overview of the state of the art in the principal modules of the theory and the interfaces with semantics, phonology, information structure and sentence processing, as well as linguistic variation and language acquisition. This indispensable resource for advanced students, professional linguists (generative and non-generative alike) and scholars in related fields of inquiry presents a comprehensive survey of the field of generative syntactic research in all its variety, written by leading experts and providing a proper sense of the range of syntactic theories calling themselves generative.

The Nature and Structure of Content

Jeffrey C. King
The Nature and Structure of Content Book PDF

Author : Jeffrey C. King
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199566266

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The Nature and Structure of Content by Jeffrey C. King Pdf

King formulates an account of the metaphysical nature of propositions, and explains what it is that binds together the constituents of structured propositions and imposes structure on them. Philosophers and graduate students with an interest in the philosophy of language and metaphysics will benefit from this book.

Time in Natural Language

Ellen Thompson
Time in Natural Language Book PDF

Author : Ellen Thompson
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110184143

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Time in Natural Language by Ellen Thompson Pdf

Time in Natural Language investigates the relationship between the syntactic and semantic representations of sentences within the domain of tense. Assuming that tenses are semantically composed of three distinct times, Thompson proposes that these times map onto the syntax in a regular fashion: each time is associated with a unique syntactic head. Adopting the Minimalist approach to syntactic theory, this approach makes possible insightful analyses of syntactic structures involving temporal dependency. Thompson argues that, depending on their adjunction site, temporal adverbials modify different parts of the tense structure of the clause. Locating the Event time within VP, it is correctly predicted that an adverbial that modifies the Event time is adjoined to VP. On the other hand, since the Reference time is argued to be within AspP, when an adverbial is adjoined to AspP, it modifies the Reference time. The syntax of temporal adjunct clauses is accounted for in a similar fashion; they may be adjoined either to VP, where they are interpreted as simultaneous with the matrix event, or to AspP, where they are interpreted as nonsimultaneous. Thompson shows that the analysis sheds light on the less-studied issue of the temporal syntax of arguments. Subjects with gerundive relative clauses are claimed to be interpreted in VP at LF when the relative clause is temporally dependent on the Event time of the main clause, and in TP when the relative clause is dependent on the Speech time of the main clause. By extending the syntactic proposal to investigate the discourse-level effects of tense, an original analysis of the discourse representation of tense is proposed. Thompson argues that the discourse representation of tense is based on same primitives and subject to the same principles as the syntactic representation of tense, based on an in-depth examination of the structure and meaning of the temporal discourse adverb then.

Representation and Derivation in the Theory of Grammar

H. Haider,K. Netter
Representation and Derivation in the Theory of Grammar Book PDF

Author : H. Haider,K. Netter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401134460

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Representation and Derivation in the Theory of Grammar by H. Haider,K. Netter Pdf

Derivation or Representation? Hubert Haider & Klaus Netter 1 The Issue Derivation and Representation - these keywords refer both to a conceptual as well as to an empirical issue. Transformational grammar was in its outset (Chomsky 1957, 1975) a derivational theory which characterized a well-formed sentence by its derivation, i.e. a set of syntactic representations defined by a set of rules that map one representation into another. The set of mapping rules, the transformations, eventually became more and more abstract and were trivialized into a single one, namely "move a" , a general movement-rule. The constraints on movement were singled out in systems of principles that ap ply to the resulting representations, i.e. the configurations containing a moved element and its extraction site, the trace. The introduction of trace-theory (d. Chomsky 1977, ch.3 §17, ch. 4) in principle opened up the possibility of com pletely abandoning movement and generating the possible outputs of movement directly, i.e. as structures that contain gaps representing the extraction sites.

Syntactic Theory

Robert Borsley
Syntactic Theory Book PDF

Author : Robert Borsley
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317858942

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Syntactic Theory by Robert Borsley Pdf

Syntactic theory is central to the study of language. This innovative book introduces the ideas which underlie most approaches to syntax and shows how they have been developed within two broad frameworks: principles and parameters theory and phrase structure grammar. While other texts either concentrate on one theory or treat them as totally separate, here both approaches are introduced together, highlighting the similarities as well as the differences. Thoroughly updated in the light of major recent developments, this second edition includes expanded explanations of the main characteristics of the two theories, summaries of the main features, exercises reinforcing key points and suggestions for further investigation.

A Syntax of Substance

David Adger
A Syntax of Substance Book PDF

Author : David Adger
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262312240

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A Syntax of Substance by David Adger Pdf

A new approach to grammar and meaning of relational nouns is presented along with its empirical consequences. In A Syntax of Substance, David Adger proposes a new approach to phrase structure that eschews functional heads and labels structures exocentrically. His proposal simultaneously simplifies the syntactic system and restricts the range of possible structures, ruling out the ubiquitous (remnant) roll-up derivations and forcing a separation of arguments from their apparent heads. This new system has a number of empirical consequences, which Adger explores in the domain of relational nominals across different language families, including Germanic, Romance, Celtic, Polynesian, and Semitic. He shows that the relationality of such nouns as hand, edge, or mother—which seem to have as part of their meaning a relation between substances—is actually part of the syntactic representation in which they are used rather than an inherent part of their meaning. This empirical outcome follows directly from the new syntactic system, as does a novel analysis of PP complements to nouns and possessors. Given this, he argues that nouns can, in general, be thought of as simply specifications of substance, differentiating them from true predicates. A Syntax of Substance offers an innovative contribution to debates in theoretical syntax about the nature of syntactic representations and how they connect to semantic interpretation and linear order.

Quantification and Syntactic Theory

R. Cooper
Quantification and Syntactic Theory Book PDF

Author : R. Cooper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401569323

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Quantification and Syntactic Theory by R. Cooper Pdf

The format of this book is unusual, especially for a book about linguistics. The book is meant primarily as a research monograph aimed at linguists who have some background in formal semantics, e. g. Montague Grammar. However, I have two other audiences in mind. Linguists who have little or no experience of formal semantics, but who have worked through a basic mathematics for linguists course (e. g. using Wall, 1972, or Partee, 1978), should, perhaps with the help of a sympathetic Montague gramma rian, be able to discover enough of how I have adapted some of the basic ideas in formal semantics to make the developments that I undertake in the rest of the book accessible. Logicians and computer scientists who know about model theoretic semantics and formal systems should be able to glean enough from Chapters I and II about linguistic concerns and techniques to be able to read the remainder of the book, again possibly with the help of a sympathetic Montague grammarian. However, readers should beware. Chapter II is not meant as a general introduction either to formal semantics or to linguistics and while much of the presentation there is going over ground that is already well covered in the literature, the particular formulation and the emphases are very much oriented to the developments to be undertaken later in the book.

The Syntactic Process

Mark Steedman
The Syntactic Process Book PDF

Author : Mark Steedman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2001-07-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0262692686

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The Syntactic Process by Mark Steedman Pdf

This book covers topics in formal linguistics, intonational phonology, computational linguistics, and experimental psycholinguistics, presenting them as an integrated theory of the language faculty. In this book Mark Steedman argues that the surface syntax of natural languages maps spoken and written forms directly to a compositional semantic representation that includes predicate-argument structure, quantification, and information structure without constructing any intervening structural representation. His purpose is to construct a principled theory of natural grammar that is directly compatible with both explanatory linguistic accounts of a number of problematic syntactic phenomena and a straightforward computational account of the way sentences are mapped onto representations of meaning. The radical nature of Steedman's proposal stems from his claim that much of the apparent complexity of syntax, prosody, and processing follows from the lexical specification of the grammar and from the involvement of a small number of universal rule-types for combining predicates and arguments. These syntactic operations are related to the combinators of Combinatory Logic, engendering a much freer definition of derivational constituency than is traditionally assumed. This property allows Combinatory Categorial Grammar to capture elegantly the structure and interpretation of coordination and intonation contour in English as well as some well-known interactions between word order, coordination, and relativization across a number of other languages. It also allows more direct compatibility with incremental semantic interpretation during parsing. The book covers topics in formal linguistics, intonational phonology, computational linguistics, and experimental psycholinguistics, presenting them as an integrated theory of the language faculty in a form accessible to readers from any of those fields.

Explaining Syntax

Peter W. Culicover
Explaining Syntax Book PDF

Author : Peter W. Culicover
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191635687

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Explaining Syntax by Peter W. Culicover Pdf

This book brings together many of Peter Culicover's most significant observations on the nature of syntax and its place within the architecture of human language. Over four decades he has sought to understand the cognitive foundations of linguistic theory and the place of syntactic theory in explaining how language works. This has led him to specific proposals regarding the proper scope of syntactic theory and to a re-examination of the empirical basis of syntactic analyses, which reflect judgements reflecting not only linguistic competence but the complexity of the computations involved in acquiring and using language. After a brief a retrospective the author opens the book with the Simpler Syntax Hypothesis, an article written with Ray Jackendoff, that proposes significant restrictions on the scope of the syntactic component of the grammar. The work is then divided into parts concerned broadly with representations, structures, and computation. The chapters are provided with contextual headnotes and footnote references to subsequent work, but are otherwise printed essentially as they first appeared. Peter Culicover's lively and original perspectives on syntax and grammar will appeal to all theoretical linguists and their advanced students.

Natural Language Semantics

Brendan S. Gillon
Natural Language Semantics Book PDF

Author : Brendan S. Gillon
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 731 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-12
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262350778

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Natural Language Semantics by Brendan S. Gillon Pdf

An introduction to natural language semantics that offers an overview of the empirical domain and an explanation of the mathematical concepts that underpin the discipline. This textbook offers a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of those approaches to natural language semantics that use the insights of logic. Many other texts on the subject focus on presenting a particular theory of natural language semantics. This text instead offers an overview of the empirical domain (drawn largely from standard descriptive grammars of English) as well as the mathematical tools that are applied to it. Readers are shown where the concepts of logic apply, where they fail to apply, and where they might apply, if suitably adjusted. The presentation of logic is completely self-contained, with concepts of logic used in the book presented in all the necessary detail. This includes propositional logic, first order predicate logic, generalized quantifier theory, and the Lambek and Lambda calculi. The chapters on logic are paired with chapters on English grammar. For example, the chapter on propositional logic is paired with a chapter on the grammar of coordination and subordination of English clauses; the chapter on predicate logic is paired with a chapter on the grammar of simple, independent English clauses; and so on. The book includes more than five hundred exercises, not only for the mathematical concepts introduced, but also for their application to the analysis of natural language. The latter exercises include some aimed at helping the reader to understand how to formulate and test hypotheses.

Agreement in Natural Language

Center for the Study of Language and Information (U.S.)
Agreement in Natural Language Book PDF

Author : Center for the Study of Language and Information (U.S.)
Publisher : Center for the Study of Language (CSLI)
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1988-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0937073024

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Agreement in Natural Language by Center for the Study of Language and Information (U.S.) Pdf

Although grammatical agreement or concord is widespread in human languages, linguistic theorists have generally treated agreement phenomena as secondary or even marginal. All the papers in this volume, however, take agreement phenomena seriously, as presenting either a general issue in theory construction or a descriptive problem in particular types of languages. The theoretical perspectives range from purportedly theory-neutral typological frameworks to assumptions about the validity of one or another current formal model. Further, the degree of generality ranges from a universalist nature-of-human-language agenda to concern with one or another aspect of grammatical agreement or with agreement in a single language or language group.