The New Rationalism

Author : David K. Goodin
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780773588158

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The New Rationalism by David K. Goodin Pdf

Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) preached a message of reverence for life - all life - that touched the hearts of a generation. As a medical doctor in French Equatorial Africa who selflessly helped those in need, Schweitzer was recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize in the wake of two world wars. But less than fifty years since the time of his death, the great humanitarian and scholar has faded from public awareness. In The New Rationalism, David Goodin explores the underlying philosophy behind Schweitzer's ethic of compassion, presenting it as a response to contemporary questions in social justice, economic equality, and environmental action. For the first time, the political, sociological, and philosophical contexts supporting the development of Schweitzer's ethic are examined in order to bring his timeless message of elemental morality to new life for the modern world. Inspired by Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche, Schweitzer built his ethic to create an elemental nature philosophy compatible with empirical science, and to support a new ontological understanding of the human person - a project he termed the New Rationalism. Goodin recovers and analyzes Schweitzer's arguments and shows where his theories can provide a framework for both environmental and civic ethics today.

Author : David K. Goodin
Publisher : McGill-Queen's University Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780773588141

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The New Rationalism by David K. Goodin Pdf

Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) preached a message of reverence for life - all life - that touched the hearts of a generation. As a medical doctor in French Equatorial Africa who selflessly helped those in need, Schweitzer was recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize in the wake of two world wars. But less than fifty years since the time of his death, the great humanitarian and scholar has faded from public awareness. In The New Rationalism, David Goodin explores the underlying philosophy behind Schweitzer's ethic of compassion, presenting it as a response to contemporary questions in social justice, economic equality, and environmental action. For the first time, the political, sociological, and philosophical contexts supporting the development of Schweitzer's ethic are examined in order to bring his timeless message of elemental morality to new life for the modern world. Inspired by Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche, Schweitzer built his ethic to create an elemental nature philosophy compatible with empirical science, and to support a new ontological understanding of the human person - a project he termed the New Rationalism. Goodin recovers and analyzes Schweitzer's arguments and shows where his theories can provide a framework for both environmental and civic ethics today.

Author : Edward Gleason Spaulding
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1918
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UCAL:B3186314

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The New Rationalism by Edward Gleason Spaulding Pdf

Author : Edward Gleason Spaulding
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1330359550

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The New Rationalism by Edward Gleason Spaulding Pdf

Excerpt from The New Rationalism: The Development of a Constructive Realism Upon the Basis of Modern Logic and Science, and Through the Criticism of Opposed Philosophical Systems As I send this manuscript to the publishers, I am keenly aware of how far the results that it presents fall short of attaining that ideal both of method and of accomplishment which has been before me during the period of composition, and which I have explained in Chapters I. and III. Yet coincidentally with the closing of my labors I find that I am convinced more strongly than ever that, although there are many other ways, of undoubted value, in which to study philosophy, nevertheless the point of view and the method of treating problems which this book presents offer one way or mode of approach that has thus far been of much too infrequent use in philosophical investigation. For it has been my experience, especially during a number of years of teaching at Princeton University, as well as of presenting philosophical problems to the scientific workers of the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, Mass., that there is, at present at least, a much deeper interest in a systematic than in a historical treatment of philosophy. An opportunity to satisfy such an interest would be presented to a far greater extent than it now is, if only the effort were made in philosophy, as it is in science, not to emphasize history, but to investigate problems of fact, and finally to obtain such a fairly extensive body of knowledge as will receive general acceptance and be recognized as meaning a well-defined advance and progress. The present tendency in philosophy, at least in our educational institutions, is, however, directly opposed to such a procedure, for it is to the almost exclusive study of the history of philosophy that both student and general reader are urged and directed. The result is that the average student of philosophy is left so perplexed through, e.g., the multiplicity of systems which his study discloses to him, that his dissatisfaction usually far exceeds his satisfaction with the outcome of his intellectual efforts. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Carlos Fraenkel,Dario Perinetti,Justin E. H. Smith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010-10-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789048193851

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The Rationalists: Between Tradition and Innovation by Carlos Fraenkel,Dario Perinetti,Justin E. H. Smith Pdf

This volume draws a balanced picture of the Rationalists by bringing their intellectual contexts, sources and full range of interests into sharper focus, without neglecting their core commitment to the epistemological doctrine that earned them their traditional label. The collection of original essays addresses topics ranging from theodicy and early modern music theory to Spinoza’s anti-humanism, often critically revising important aspects of the received picture of the Rationalists. Another important contribution of the volume is that it brings out aspects of Rationalist philosophers and their legacies that are not ordinarily associated with them, such as the project of a Cartesian ethics. Finally, a strong emphasis is placed on the connection of the Rationalists’ philosophy to their interests in empirical science, to their engagement in the political life of their era, and to the religious background of many of their philosophical commitments.

Author : Jerrold J. Katz
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1997-12-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0262263297

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Realistic Rationalism by Jerrold J. Katz Pdf

Jerrold Katz develops a new philosophical position integrating realism and rationalism. In Realistic Rationalism, Jerrold J. Katz develops a new philosophical position integrating realism and rationalism. Realism here means that the objects of study in mathematics and other formal sciences are abstract; rationalism means that our knowledge of them is not empirical. Katz uses this position to meet the principal challenges to realism. In exposing the flaws in criticisms of the antirealists, he shows that realists can explain knowledge of abstract objects without supposing we have causal contact with them, that numbers are determinate objects, and that the standard counterexamples to the abstract/concrete distinction have no force. Generalizing the account of knowledge used to meet the challenges to realism, he develops a rationalist and non-naturalist account of philosophical knowledge and argues that it is preferable to contemporary naturalist and empiricist accounts. The book illuminates a wide range of philosophical issues, including the nature of necessity, the distinction between the formal and natural sciences, empiricist holism, the structure of ontology, and philosophical skepticism. Philosophers will use this fresh treatment of realism and rationalism as a starting point for new directions in their own research.

Author : Janice Thomas
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317492412

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The Minds of the Moderns by Janice Thomas Pdf

This is a comprehensive examination of the ideas of the early modern philosophers on the nature of mind. Taking Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume in turn, Janice Thomas presents an authoritative and critical assessment of each of these canonical thinkers' views of the notion of mind. The book examines each philosopher's position on five key topics: the metaphysical character of minds and mental states; the nature and scope of introspection and self-knowledge; the nature of consciousness; the problem of mental causation and the nature of representation and intentionality. The exposition and examination of their positions is informed by present-day debates in the philosophy of mind and the philosophy of psychology so that students get a clear sense of the importance of these philosophers' ideas, many of which continue to define our current notions of the mental.Again and again, philosophers and students alike come back to the great early modern rationalist and empiricist philosophers for instruction and inspiration. Their views on the philosophy of mind are no exception and as Janice Thomas shows they have much to offer contemporary debates. The book is suitable for undergraduate courses in the philosophy of mind and the many new courses in philosophy of psychology.

Author : A. Chapman,A. Ellis,R. Hanna,T. Hildebrand,H. Pickford
Publisher : Springer
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781137347954

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In Defense of Intuitions by A. Chapman,A. Ellis,R. Hanna,T. Hildebrand,H. Pickford Pdf

A reply to contemporary skepticism about intuitions and a priori knowledge, and a defense of neo-rationalism from a contemporary Kantian standpoint, focusing on the theory of rational intuitions and on solving the two core problems of justifying and explaining them.

Author : David Miller
Publisher : Open Court
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780812699401

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Critical Rationalism by David Miller Pdf

David Miller elegantly and provocatively reformulates critical rationalism—the revolutionary approach to epistemology advocated by Karl Popper—by answering its most important critics. He argues for an approach to rationality freed from the debilitating authoritarian dependence on reasons and justification. "Miller presents a particularly useful and stimulating account of critical rationalism. His work is both interesting and controversial . . . of interest to anyone with concerns in epistemology or the philosophy of science." —Canadian Philosophical Reviews

Author : Steven Pinker
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2021-09-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780241380307

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Rationality by Steven Pinker Pdf

A TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAR 2021 'Punchy, funny and invigorating ... Pinker is the high priest of rationalism' Sunday Times 'If you've ever considered taking drugs to make yourself smarter, read Rationality instead. It's cheaper, more entertaining, and more effective' Jonathan Haidt, author of The Righteous Mind In the twenty-first century, humanity is reaching new heights of scientific understanding - and at the same time appears to be losing its mind. How can a species that discovered vaccines for Covid-19 in less than a year produce so much fake news, quack cures and conspiracy theorizing? In Rationality, Pinker rejects the cynical cliché that humans are simply an irrational species - cavemen out of time fatally cursed with biases, fallacies and illusions. After all, we discovered the laws of nature, lengthened and enriched our lives and set the benchmarks for rationality itself. Instead, he explains, we think in ways that suit the low-tech contexts in which we spend most of our lives, but fail to take advantage of the powerful tools of reasoning we have built up over millennia: logic, critical thinking, probability, causal inference, and decision-making under uncertainty. These tools are not a standard part of our educational curricula, and have never been presented clearly and entertainingly in a single book - until now. Rationality matters. It leads to better choices in our lives and in the public sphere, and is the ultimate driver of social justice and moral progress. Brimming with insight and humour, Rationality will enlighten, inspire and empower. 'A terrific book, much-needed for our time' Peter Singer

Author : Paul Stern
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1993-08-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781438421179

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Socratic Rationalism and Political Philosophy by Paul Stern Pdf

In this new interpretation of Plato's Phaedo, Paul Stern considers the dialogue as an invaluable source for understanding the distinctive character of Socratic rationalism. First, he demonstrates, contrary to the charge of such thinkers as Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Rorty, that Socrates' rationalism does not rest on the dogmatic presumption of the rationality of nature. Second, he shows that the distinctively Socratic mode of philosophizing is formulated precisely with a view to vindicating the philosophic life in the face of these uncertainties. And finally, he argues that this vindication results in a mode of inquiry that finds its ground in a clear understanding of the problematical but enduring human situation. Stern concludes that Socratic rationalism, aware as it is of the limits of reason, still provides a nondogmatic and nonarbitrary basis for human understanding.

Author : Anthony Gottlieb
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2016-08-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781631492082

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The Dream of Enlightenment: The Rise of Modern Philosophy by Anthony Gottlieb Pdf

Anthony Gottlieb’s landmark The Dream of Reason and its sequel challenge Bertrand Russell’s classic as the definitive history of Western philosophy. Western philosophy is now two and a half millennia old, but much of it came in just two staccato bursts, each lasting only about 150 years. In his landmark survey of Western philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance, The Dream of Reason, Anthony Gottlieb documented the first burst, which came in the Athens of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Now, in his sequel, The Dream of Enlightenment, Gottlieb expertly navigates a second great explosion of thought, taking us to northern Europe in the wake of its wars of religion and the rise of Galilean science. In a relatively short period—from the early 1640s to the eve of the French Revolution—Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Leibniz, and Hume all made their mark. The Dream of Enlightenment tells their story and that of the birth of modern philosophy. As Gottlieb explains, all these men were amateurs: none had much to do with any university. They tried to fathom the implications of the new science and of religious upheaval, which led them to question traditional teachings and attitudes. What does the advance of science entail for our understanding of ourselves and for our ideas of God? How should a government deal with religious diversity—and what, actually, is government for? Such questions remain our questions, which is why Descartes, Hobbes, and the others are still pondered today. Yet it is because we still want to hear them that we can easily get these philosophers wrong. It is tempting to think they speak our language and live in our world; but to understand them properly, we must step back into their shoes. Gottlieb puts readers in the minds of these frequently misinterpreted figures, elucidating the history of their times and the development of scientific ideas while engagingly explaining their arguments and assessing their legacy in lively prose. With chapters focusing on Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Pierre Bayle, Leibniz, Hume, Rousseau, and Voltaire—and many walk-on parts—The Dream of Enlightenment creates a sweeping account of what the Enlightenment amounted to, and why we are still in its debt.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Springer
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781137365866

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Weber's Rationalism and Modern Society by Anonim Pdf

Weber's Rationalism and Modern Society rediscovers Max Weber for the twenty-first century. Tony and Dagmar Waters' translation of Weber's works highlights his contributions to the social sciences and politics, credited with highlighting concepts such as "iron cage," "bureaucracy," "bureaucratization," "rationalization," "charisma," and the role of the "work ethic" in ordering modern labor markets. Outlining the relationship between community (Gemeinschaft), and market society (Gesellschaft), the issues of social stratification, power, politics, and modernity resonate just as loudly today as they did for Weber during the early twentieth century.

Author : Leo Strauss
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1989-01-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226777153

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The Rebirth of Classical Political Rationalism by Leo Strauss Pdf

This concise and accessible introduction to Strauss's thought provides, for wider audience, a bridge to his more complex theoretical work. Editor Pangle has gathered five of Strauss's previously unpublished lectures and five hard-to-find published writings and has arranged them so as to demonstrate the systematic progression of the major themes that underlay Strauss's mature work. "[These essays] display the incomparable insight and remarkable range of knowledge that set Strauss's works apart from any other twentieth-century philosopher's."—Charles R. Kesler, National Review

Author : Masooda Bano
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781108485319

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The Revival of Islamic Rationalism by Masooda Bano Pdf

A rapidly expanding Islamic revival movement shows that Islamic rationalism and not jihadism is to define twenty-first century Islam.