The Operation Reinhard Death Camps Revised And Expanded Edition

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The Operation Reinhard Death Camps, Revised and Expanded Edition

Author : Yitzhak Arad
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253034472

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The Operation Reinhard Death Camps, Revised and Expanded Edition by Yitzhak Arad Pdf

Under the code name Operation Reinhard, more than one and a half million Jews were murdered between 1942 and 1943 in the concentration camps of Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka, located in Nazi-occupied Poland. Unlike more well-known camps, which were used both for slave labor and extermination, these camps existed purely to murder Jews. Few victims survived to tell their stories, and the camps were largely forgotten after they were dismantled in 1943. The Operation Reinhard Death Camps bears eloquent witness to this horrific tragedy. This newly revised and expanded edition includes new material on the history of the Jews under German occupation in Poland; the execution and timing of Operation Reinhard; information about the ghettos in Lublin, Warsaw, Krakow, Radom, and Galicia; and updated numbers of the victims who were murdered during deportations. In addition to documenting the horror of the camps, Yitzhak Arad recounts the stories of those courageous enough to struggle against the Nazis and their "final solution." Arad's work retrieves the experiences of Operation Reinhard's victims and survivors from obscurity and exposes a terrible chapter in humanity's history.

Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka

Author : Yitzhak Arad
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015012274174

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Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka by Yitzhak Arad Pdf

Between the years 1942 and 1943, under the code name Operation Reinhard, more than one and a half million Jews were gassed in the concentration camps of Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka, located in Nazi-occupied Poland. Jewish survivors of the operation numbered fewer than 200. Yitzhak Arad reveals here the complete story of Operation Reinhard for the first time. Using sources previously overlooked, such as German and Polish official records and testimonies from Nazi war criminal trials, Arad records the history of the Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka death camps from their construction in 1941 to their destruction in 1943. He describes the camps' physical layouts, the process of extermination used, and the actions of the SS men and Ukrainian guards who operated the camps. Arad tells the tale of the death camps' inmates -- though many of their lives lasted but a few hours following their arrival --he underground organizations, the revolts and escapes, and the details concerning the day-to-day survival of those spared instant death in the gas chambers. Arad's work retrieves the experience of Operation Reinhard's victims and survivors from obscurity and bears eloquent witness to the tragedy which was theirs. Biographical Statement: Yitzhak Arad, Chairman of Yad Vashem, Holocaust Remembrance Authority, is a lecturer in Jewish History at the University of Tel Aviv and author of Ghetto in Flames: Story of the Vilna Ghetto.

Eyewitness to Genocide

Author : Michael Bryant
Publisher : Univ. of Tennessee Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781621900498

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Eyewitness to Genocide by Michael Bryant Pdf

In the 1950s, the policy of the West German law courts was to limit the number of Germans who could be prosecuted for crimes against humanity during the Nazi era, thereby preserving the old state elites who had been accomplices to the Nazi regime, among them the judiciary, 90% of whom had been Nazi party members. The number of Nazi criminals prosecuted in West Germany dropped throughout the 1950s. The Einsatzgruppen trial at Ulm in 1958 showed that many Nazi criminals held positions in the Federal Republic's administration. An investigation of the Nazi death camps was initiated by the Ludwigsburg Office in 1959. Focuses on three trials against former staff members of three camps: the Bełżec trial held in München in 1963-64; the Treblinka trial held in Düsseldorf in 1964-65; and the Sobibór trial in Hagen in 1964-65. Contends that despite their sometimes doubtful past, the trial judges acted in good faith within the bounds of West German law. The prosecutors based their cases on eyewitness testimonies. The Bełżec trial proved to be a debacle (all of the defendants but one were acquitted), primarily because only one survivor was found to testify. In Treblinka and Sobibór, successful uprisings of prisoners in 1943 helped many of them to survive and later to give evidence at the respective trials; at these trials, most of the defendants were convicted.

The Extermination Camps of Aktion Reinhardt - Part 1

Author : Thomas Kues,Carlo Mattogno,Jurgen Graf
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 714 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1591480876

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The Extermination Camps of Aktion Reinhardt - Part 1 by Thomas Kues,Carlo Mattogno,Jurgen Graf Pdf

Ever since the authors of the present study started publishing, together or separately, thorough studies about the most prominent German camps of the WWII era which are generally referred to as extermination camps, orthodox historians have made it a point to intentionally ignore these studies which they seem unable to refute. This eerie silence ended only in late 2011 when several members of the exterminationist Holocaust Controversies blog published a 570 page-long online study titled Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: Holocaust Denial and Operation Reinhard. With it they claim to refute three of our authors' monographs on the camps Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka (see vols. 9, 19 and 8 of the Holocaust Handbooks series). This lengthy orthodox critique forced our three authors to go back to the sources. After a year of archival and library research, the rebuttal of their detractors' critique was finally complete, and a few months later Mattogno's major contributions to it were translated into English. After a 6-months-lasting process of thorough fact-checking and archival verification by peer reviewers, the results were released to the public. This work has occupied the most knowledgeable revisionists for a year and more. Today's leading revisionists consider this their ultimate response and final word on the subject. As to the contents of this book, the casual reader may be warned: This work cannot be read like a novel. It is a point-by-point response to the above-mentioned Holocaust Controversies bloggers' PDF file (accessible on their website) and can be understood only in that context. It also requires that the reader be familiar with the authors' three monographs on the Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka camps, all of which can be accessed and downloaded on this website. It goes without saying that it is neither easy nor profitable to publish such a huge two-volume opus which will find only a very small audience. In order to make the text a little more readable and to reduce the volume of the printed version slightly, it does include only the English translations of any foreign language sources quoted. The full foreign language text can be found in the extended PDF version. Since this PDF file is accessible to everyone and can thus be searched, we have refrained from creating a cost-prohibitive index. In summarizing the book's conclusions, Jurgen Graf writes in his Epilogue: "Holocaust Controversies had all the time they needed to write their "refutation." They were assisted by a host of Holocaust historians they diligently enumerate in their introduction. It did not help them a bit. [...] Since the exterminationist position with regards to these two topics [gas chambers and eyewitnesses] is hopeless from the beginning, Myers had myriads of opportunities to make a fool of himself, and he missed not a single one of them. [...] However, the most preposterous chapters of the pamphlet are undoubtedly the two last ones, written by [...] Roberto Muehlenkamp, who unsuccessfully tried to prove that during World War II the eternal laws of nature had to pause so that the evil Nazis could carry out their massacre in chemical slaughterhouses and get rid of the bodies without significant use of fuel. [Muehlenkamp] knew exactly that Mattogno, who has an encyclopedic knowledge of all problems related to cremation, would react to his challenge and make mincemeat of his chapters, to use Romanov's poetic formulation for the last time. Is Muehlenkamp perhaps a masochist? Does he relish the role of the circus clown who is pelted with eggs to the roaring laughter of the audience? Now he has egg all over his face. I do not feel a bit sorry for him because he asked for it." This study consists of two parts, each with roughly 700 pages, hence a total of almost 1,400 pages. This is Part 1. It cannot be read without Part 2 (ISBN 1591480884)"

The Extermination Camps of Aktion Reinhardt - Part 2

Author : Carlo Mattogno,Thomas Kues,Jurgen Graf
Publisher : Castle Hill Publishers
Page : 686 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1591480884

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The Extermination Camps of Aktion Reinhardt - Part 2 by Carlo Mattogno,Thomas Kues,Jurgen Graf Pdf

Ever since the authors of the present study started publishing, together or separately, thorough studies about the most prominent German camps of the WWII era which are generally referred to as extermination camps, orthodox historians have made it a point to intentionally ignore these studies which they seem unable to refute. This eerie silence ended only in late 2011 when several members of the exterminationist Holocaust Controversies blog published a 570 page-long online study titled Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: Holocaust Denial and Operation Reinhard. With it they claim to refute three of our authors' monographs on the camps Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka (see vols. 9, 19 and 8 of the Holocaust Handbooks series). This lengthy orthodox critique forced our three authors to go back to the sources. After a year of archival and library research, the rebuttal of their detractors' critique was finally complete, and a few months later Mattogno's major contributions to it were translated into English. After a 6-months-lasting process of thorough fact-checking and archival verification by peer reviewers, the results were released to the public. This work has occupied the most knowledgeable revisionists for a year and more. Today's leading revisionists consider this their ultimate response and final word on the subject. As to the contents of this book, the casual reader may be warned: This work cannot be read like a novel. It is a point-by-point response to the above-mentioned Holocaust Controversies bloggers' PDF file (accessible on their website) and can be understood only in that context. It also requires that the reader be familiar with the authors' three monographs on the Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka camps, all of which can be accessed and downloaded on this website. It goes without saying that it is neither easy nor profitable to publish such a huge two-volume opus which will find only a very small audience. In order to make the text a little more readable and to reduce the volume of the printed version slightly, it does include only the English translations of any foreign language sources quoted. The full foreign language text can be found in the extended PDF version. Since this PDF file is accessible to everyone and can thus be searched, we have refrained from creating a cost-prohibitive index. In summarizing the book's conclusions, Jurgen Graf writes in his Epilogue: "Holocaust Controversies had all the time they needed to write their "refutation." They were assisted by a host of Holocaust historians they diligently enumerate in their introduction. It did not help them a bit. [...] Since the exterminationist position with regards to these two topics [gas chambers and eyewitnesses] is hopeless from the beginning, Myers had myriads of opportunities to make a fool of himself, and he missed not a single one of them. [...] However, the most preposterous chapters of the pamphlet are undoubtedly the two last ones, written by [...] Roberto Muehlenkamp, who unsuccessfully tried to prove that during World War II the eternal laws of nature had to pause so that the evil Nazis could carry out their massacre in chemical slaughterhouses and get rid of the bodies without significant use of fuel. [Muehlenkamp] knew exactly that Mattogno, who has an encyclopedic knowledge of all problems related to cremation, would react to his challenge and make mincemeat of his chapters, to use Romanov's poetic formulation for the last time. Is Muehlenkamp perhaps a masochist? Does he relish the role of the circus clown who is pelted with eggs to the roaring laughter of the audience? Now he has egg all over his face. I do not feel a bit sorry for him because he asked for it." This study consists of two parts, each with roughly 700 pages, hence a total of almost 1,400 pages. This is Part 2. It cannot be read without the first part!"

The Commandant of Lubizec

Author : Patrick Hicks
Publisher : Steerforth
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-03-25
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781586422202

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The Commandant of Lubizec by Patrick Hicks Pdf

After the Nazis invaded Poland in 1939, they quickly began persecuting anyone who was Jewish. Millions were shoved into ghettos and forced to live under the swastika. Death camps were built and something called "Operation Reinhard" was set into motion. Its goal? To murder all the Jews of Poland. The Commandant of Lubizec is a harrowing account of a death camp that never actually existed but easily could have in the Nazi state. It is a sensitive, accurate retelling of a place that went about the business of genocide. Told as a historical account in a documentary style, it explores the atmosphere of a death camp. It describes what it was like to watch the trains roll in, and it probes into the mind of its commandant, Hans-Peter Guth. How could he murder thousands of people each day and then go home to laugh with his children? This is not only an unflinching portrayal of the machinery of the gas chambers, it is also the story of how prisoners burned the camp to the ground and fled into the woods. It is a story of rebellion and survival. It is a story of life amid death. With a strong eye towards the history of the Holocaust, The Commandant of Lubizec compels us to look at these extermination centers anew. It disquiets us with the knowledge that similar events actually took place in camps like Bełzec, Sobibór, and Treblinka. The history of Lubizec, although a work of fiction, is a chillingly blunt distillation of real life events. It asks that we look again at "Operation Reinhard". It brings voice to the silenced. It demands that we bear witness.

The Dawn Watch

Author : Maya Jasanoff
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-07
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780698137479

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The Dawn Watch by Maya Jasanoff Pdf

“Enlightening, compassionate, superb” —John Le Carré Winner of the 2018 Cundhill History Prize A New York Times Book Review Notable Book of 2017 One of the New York Times 100 Notable Books of 2017 A visionary exploration of the life and times of Joseph Conrad, his turbulent age of globalization and our own, from one of the most exciting young historians writing today Migration, terrorism, the tensions between global capitalism and nationalism, and a communications revolution: these forces shaped Joseph Conrad’s destiny at the dawn of the twentieth century. In this brilliant new interpretation of one of the great voices in modern literature, Maya Jasanoff reveals Conrad as a prophet of globalization. As an immigrant from Poland to England, and in travels from Malaya to Congo to the Caribbean, Conrad navigated an interconnected world, and captured it in a literary oeuvre of extraordinary depth. His life story delivers a history of globalization from the inside out, and reflects powerfully on the aspirations and challenges of the modern world. Joseph Conrad was born Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski in 1857, to Polish parents in the Russian Empire. At sixteen he left the landlocked heart of Europe to become a sailor, and for the next twenty years travelled the world’s oceans before settling permanently in England as an author. He saw the surging, competitive "new imperialism" that planted a flag in almost every populated part of the globe. He got a close look, too, at the places “beyond the end of telegraph cables and mail-boat lines,” and the hypocrisy of the west’s most cherished ideals. In a compelling blend of history, biography, and travelogue, Maya Jasanoff follows Conrad’s routes and the stories of his four greatest works—The Secret Agent, Lord Jim, Heart of Darkness, and Nostromo. Genre-bending, intellectually thrilling, and deeply humane, The Dawn Watch embarks on a spell-binding expedition into the dark heart of Conrad’s world—and through it to our own.

Escape from Sobibor

Author : Richard L. Rashke
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
ISBN : 0252064798

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Escape from Sobibor by Richard L. Rashke Pdf

A story reconstructed from the diaries, notes, and memories of the six hundred Jews who revolted, three hundred of whom escaped the death camp Sobibor.

The Nazi Death Camps

Author : Winston Ramsey
Publisher : After the Battle
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2022-09-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781399076715

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The Nazi Death Camps by Winston Ramsey Pdf

In the 12 years that the National Socialist Party was in power in Germany, upwards of 15,000 concentration and labor camps were established in the Greater Reich and the occupied countries to incarcerate all who were deemed enemies of the state. Contents includes: GERMANY Dachau, Oranienburg, Sachsenhausen, Buchenwald, Ohrdruf, Flossenbürg, Neuengamme, Ravensbrück, Niederhagen/Wewelsburg, Bergen-Belsen, Mittelbau-Dora-Nordhausen, Arbeitsdorf. AUSTRIA Mauthausen. BELGIUM Breendonk, Mechelen: Caserne Dossin. CZECHOSLOVAKIA Theresienstadt. ESTONIA Vaivara/Klooga. FRANCE French Transit Camps, Natzweiler-Struthof, Wiesengrund/Vaihingen. HOLLAND Westerbork, Amersfoort, Herzogenbusch/Vught. ITALY Fossoli, Bolzano, Risiera di San Sabba. LATVIA Riga-Kaiserwald. LITHUANIA Kauen. NORWAY Falstad, Grini. UNITED KINGDOM Alderney, Channel Islands. BERLIN Wannsee Conference and Operation ‘Reinhard’. POLAND The Warsaw Ghetto, Majdanek-Lublin, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, Chelmno, Gross-Rosen, Stutthof-Danzig, Krakow-Plaszow, Auschwitz , Birkenau, War Crimes Trials.

The Sobibor Death Camp

Author : Chris Webb
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9783838209661

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The Sobibor Death Camp by Chris Webb Pdf

The Sobibor Death Camp was the second extermination camp built by the Nazis as part of the secretive Operation Reinhardt—with intent to carry out the mass murder of Polish Jewry. Following the construction of the extermination camp at Belzec in south-eastern Poland from November 1941 to March 1942, the Nazis planned a second extermination camp at Sobibor, and the third and deadliest camp was built near the remote village of Treblinka. Sobibor was similarly designed as the first camp in Belzec, it was regarded as an 'overflow' camp for Belzec. This account of the Nazis' remorseless and relentless production line of killing at the Sobibor death camp tells of one of the worst crimes in the history of mankind. Chris Webb's painstakingly researched volume ranges from the survivors and the victims to the SS men who carried out the atrocities. What makes this work special is the research which has been gathered on the survivors, who by good fortune, courage, and determination survived Sobibor and built new lives for themselves, new families, but bore the scars of this terrible place for all of their lives. Closing a gap in the existing literature, Webb focuses on the victims and presents details of their lives which have been found and re-tells them to keep their memory alive, to show they are not forgotten. The cruel and barbaric murder process is described in great detail, as well as the confiscation of the valuables and possessions of the unfortunate Jews who crossed the threshold of this man-made hell. One cannot fail to be moved by the personal accounts of those who survived, their loved ones perished in this factory of death. The book covers the construction of the death camp, the physical layout of the camp, as remembered by both the Jewish inmates and the SS staff who served there, and the personal recollections that detail the day to day experiences of the prisoners and the SS. The courageous revolt by the prisoners on October 14, 1943 is re-told by the prisoners and the German SS, with detailed accounts of the revolt and its aftermath. The post-war fate of the perpetrators, or more precisely those that were brought to trial, and information regarding the more recent history of the site itself concludes this book. There is a large photographic section of rare and some unpublished photographs and documents from the author's private archive.

Hitler’s Death Camps in Occupied Poland

Author : Ian Baxter
Publisher : Pen and Sword Military
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526765420

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Hitler’s Death Camps in Occupied Poland by Ian Baxter Pdf

Covers the six principal extermination camps in Nazi occupied Poland; a sobering reminder of the horrors of the Holocaust. Nearly 80 years on, the concept and scale of the Nazis’ genocide program remains an indelible, nay almost unbelievable, stain on the human race. Yet it was a dreadful reality of which, as this graphic book demonstrates, all too much proof exists. Between 1941 and 1945 an estimated three and a half million Jews and an unknown number of others, including Soviet POWs and gypsies, perished in six camps built in Poland; Auschwitz-Birkenau, Belzec, Chelmno, Majdenak, Sobibor and Treblinka. Unpleasant as it may be, it does no harm for present generations to be reminded of man’s inhumanity to man, if only to ensure such atrocities will never be repeated. This book aims to do just this by tracing the history of the so called Final Solution and the building and operation of the Operation Reinhard camps built for the sole purpose of mass murder and genocide.

Auschwitz, Bergen-Belsen, Treblinka

Author : Ann Byers
Publisher : Enslow Publishing, LLC
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-01
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9780766062160

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Auschwitz, Bergen-Belsen, Treblinka by Ann Byers Pdf

The Nazis set up concentration and death camps in order to isolate, torture, and murder millions of men, women, and children. Author Ann Byers details the system of camps in Europe during the Holocaust. Byers recounts the horrifying conditions suffered by camp inmates as well as their struggles for life and hope in a world gone mad. The remains of many camps still stand today to serve as a chilling reminder of the Holocaust.

Aftermath of the Holocaust and Genocides

Author : Victoria Khiterer,Erin Magee
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781527549111

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Aftermath of the Holocaust and Genocides by Victoria Khiterer,Erin Magee Pdf

While many works have been published on different aspects of the Holocaust and genocides, their aftermath and impact on society still require further research and discussion in scholarly literature. This book illuminates unknown aspects of the aftermath of the Holocaust and genocides, and discusses trials of Holocaust and genocide perpetrators, commemoration of the victims, attempts to revive Jewish national life, and outbreaks of post-World War II anti-Semitism. It also analyzes the representation of the Holocaust and genocides in literature, press and film. The volume includes thirteen articles, which are based on recently discovered archival materials, and provides new approaches to the research of the Armenian genocide, the Holodomor, ethnic cleansing and the Holocaust.

German-occupied Europe in the Second World War

Author : Raffael Scheck,Fabien Théofilakis,Julia Torrie
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351385886

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German-occupied Europe in the Second World War by Raffael Scheck,Fabien Théofilakis,Julia Torrie Pdf

Inspired by recent works on Nazi empire, this book provides a framework to guide occupation research with a broad comparative angle focusing on human interactions. Overcoming national compartmentalization, it examines Nazi occupations with attention to relations between occupiers and local populations and differences among occupation regimes. This is a timely book which engages in historical and current conversations on European nationalisms and the rise of right-wing populisms.

The Nazi Conspiracy

Author : Brad Meltzer,Josh Mensch
Publisher : Flatiron Books
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2023-01-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9781250777270

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The Nazi Conspiracy by Brad Meltzer,Josh Mensch Pdf

INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER "An absolute home run! You will never look at WWII the same way again." —Brad Thor, #1 bestselling author "Meltzer and Mensch are masters." —Jon Meacham, author The Soul of America "A true story that reads like a thriller." —Alexander S. Vindman, LT. Col., U.S. Army (Ret.) "An outstanding and memorable reading experience....a true page-turner from beginning to end." —Bookreporter.com From the New York Times bestselling authors of The First Conspiracy and The Lincoln Conspiracy comes the little-known true story of a Nazi plot to kill FDR, Joseph Stalin, and Winston Churchill at the height of World War II. In 1943, as the war against Nazi Germany raged abroad, President Franklin Roosevelt had a critical goal: a face-to-face sit-down with his allies Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill. This first-ever meeting of the Big Three in Tehran, Iran, would decide some of the most crucial strategic details of the war. Yet when the Nazis found out about the meeting, their own secret plan took shape—an assassination plot that would’ve changed history. A true story filled with daring rescues, body doubles, and political intrigue, The Nazi Conspiracy details FDR’s pivotal meeting in Tehran and the deadly Nazi plot against the heads of state of the three major Allied powers who attended it. With all the hallmarks of a Brad Meltzer and Josh Mensch page-turner, The Nazi Conspiracy explores the great political minds of the twentieth century, investigating the pivotal years of the war in gripping detail. This meeting of the Big Three changed the course of World War II. Here’s the inside story of how it almost led to a world-shattering disaster.