The People Of New France

Author : Allan Greer
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2017-06-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781487516826

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The People of New France by Allan Greer Pdf

This book surveys the social history of New France. For more than a century, until the British conquest of 1759-60, France held sway over a major portion of the North American continent. In this vast territory several unique colonial societies emerged, societies which in many respects mirrored ancien regime France, but which also incorporated a major Aboriginal component. Whereas earlier works in this field presented pre-conquest Canada as completely white and Catholic, The People of New France looks closely at other members of society as well: black slaves, English captives and Christian Iroquois of the mission villages near Montreal. The artisans and soldiers, the merchants, nobles, and priests who congregated in the towns of Montreal and Quebec are the subject of one chapter. Another chapter examines the special situation of French regime women under a legal system that recognized wives as equal owners of all family property. The author extends his analysis to French settlements around the Great Lakes and down the Mississippi Valley, and to Acadia and Ile Royale. Greer's book, addressed to undergraduate students and general readers, provides a deeper understanding of how people lived their lives in these vanished Old-Regime societies.

Author : Helen Dewar
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780228009405

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Disputing New France by Helen Dewar Pdf

From the early sixteenth century, thousands of fishermen-traders from Basque, Breton, and Norman ports crossed the Atlantic each year to engage in fishing, whaling, and fur trading, which they regarded as their customary right. In the seventeenth century these rights were challenged as France sought to establish an imperial presence in North America, granting trading privileges to certain individuals and companies to enforce its territorial and maritime claims. Bitter conflicts ensued, precipitating more than two dozen lawsuits in French courts over powers and privileges in New France. In Disputing New France Helen Dewar demonstrates that empire formation in New France and state formation in France were mutually constitutive. Through its exploration of legal suits among privileged trading companies, independent traders, viceroys, and missionaries, this book foregrounds the integral role of French courts in the historical construction of authority in New France and the fluid nature of legal, political, and commercial authority in France itself. State and empire formation converged in the struggle over sea power: control over New France was a means to consolidate maritime authority at home and supervise major Atlantic trade routes. The colony also became part of international experimentations with the chartered company, an innovative Dutch and English instrument adapted by the French to realize particular strategic, political, and maritime objectives. Tracing the developing tools of governance, privilege granting, and capital formation in New France, Disputing New France offers a novel conception of empire – one that is messy and contingent, responding to pressures from within and without, and deeply rooted in metropolitan affairs.

Author : Louise Dechêne
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 595 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2021-07-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780228007210

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People, State, and War under the French Regime in Canada by Louise Dechêne Pdf

Covering a period that runs from the founding of the colony in the early seventeenth century to the conquest of 1760, People, State, and War under the French Regime in Canada is a study of colonial warriors and warfare that examines the exercise of state military power and its effects on ordinary people. Overturning the tendency to glorify the military feats of New France and exploding the rosy myth of a tax-free colonial population, Louise Dechêne challenges the stereotype of the fighting prowess and military enthusiasm of the colony’s inhabitants. She reveals the profound incidence of social divides, the hardship war created for those expected to serve, and the state’s demands on the civilian population in the form of forced labour, requisitions, and billeting of soldiers. Originally published posthumously in French, People, State, and War under the French Regime in Canada is the culmination of a lifetime of research and unparalleled knowledge of the archival record, including official correspondence, memoirs, military campaign journals, taxation records, and local parish records. Dechêne reconstructs the variegated composition and conditions of military forces in New France, which included militia, colonial volunteers, and regular troops, as well as Indigenous allies. The study offers an informed and ambitious comparison between France and other French colonies and shows that the mobilization of an unpaid, compulsory militia in New France greatly exceeded requirements in other parts of the French domain. With empathy, sensitivity to the social dimensions of life, and a piercing insight into the operations of power, Dechêne portrays the colonial condition with its rightful dose of danger and ambiguity. Her work underlines the severe toll that warfare takes on the individual and on society and the persistent deprivation, disorder, fear, and death that come with conflict.

Author : Roger Magnuson
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1992-06-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780773563391

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Education in New France by Roger Magnuson Pdf

The first priority of French missionaries was the conversion of the native population. Education was an important tool in the evangelization campaign because they believed that conversion was best secured when preceded and underscored by religious instruction. As Canada evolved into a French colony the religious orders increasingly turned their attention to the education of the children of French settlers. The period saw the establishment of a number of petites écoles (elementary schools), a Jesuit college for boys, and several trade schools. As Magnuson demonstrates, provision for education in the colony declined during the eighteenth century. First, membership in religious orders dwindled, reducing their capacity to serve the educational needs of an expanding population. Second, as the population of the colony grew, with more inhabitants born in Canada than in France, different values and priorities developed. The written word, notes Magnuson, held less attraction for the Canadian, who preferred the active life of the frontier.

Author : Lisa J. M. Poirier
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2016-10-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815653868

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Religion, Gender, and Kinship in Colonial New France by Lisa J. M. Poirier Pdf

The individual and cultural upheavals of early colonial New France were experienced differently by French explorers and settlers, and by Native traditionalists and Catholic converts. However, European invaders and indigenous people alike learned to negotiate the complexities of cross-cultural encounters by reimagining the meaning of kinship. Part micro-history, part biography, Religion, Gender, and Kinship in Colonial New France explores the lives of Etienne Brulé, Joseph Chihoatenhwa, Thérèse Oionhaton, and Marie Rollet Hébert as they created new religious orientations in order to survive the challenges of early seventeenth-century New France. Poirier examines how each successfully adapted their religious and cultural identities to their surroundings, enabling them to develop crucial relationships and build communities. Through the lens of these men and women, both Native and French, Poirier illuminates the historical process and powerfully illustrates the religious creativity inherent in relationship-building.

Author : Peter N. Moogk
Publisher : MSU Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2000-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780870135286

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La Nouvelle France by Peter N. Moogk Pdf

On one level, Peter Moogk's latest book, La Nouvelle France: The Making of French Canada—A Cultural History, is a candid exploration of the troubled historical relationship that exists between the inhabitants of French- and English- speaking Canada. At the same time, it is a long- overdue study of the colonial social institutions, values, and experiences that shaped modern French Canada. Moogk draws on a rich body of evidence—literature; statistical studies; government, legal, and private documents in France, Britain, and North America— and traces the roots of the Anglo-French cultural struggle to the seventeenth century. In so doing, he discovered a New France vastly different from the one portrayed in popular mythology. French relations with Native Peoples, for instance, were strained. The colony of New France was really no single entity, but rather a chain of loosely aligned outposts stretching from Newfoundland in the east to the Illinois Country in the west. Moogk also found that many early immigrants to New France were reluctant exiles from their homeland and that a high percentage returned to Europe. Those who stayed, the Acadians and Canadians, were politically conservative and retained Old Régime values: feudal social hierarchies remained strong; one's individualism tended to be familial, not personal; Roman Catholicism molded attitudes and was as important as language in defining Acadian and Canadian identities. It was, Moogk concludes, the pre-French Revolution Bourbon monarchy and its institutions that shaped modern French Canada, in particular the Province of Quebec, and set its people apart from the rest of the nation.

Author : Suzanne Desrochers
Publisher : Penguin Canada
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-18
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9780143180258

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Bride of New France by Suzanne Desrochers Pdf

Laure Beausejour has grown up in a dormitory in Paris surrounded by prostitutes, the insane, and other forgotten women. She dreams with her best friend, Madeleine, of using her needlework skills to become a seamstress and one day marry a nobleman. But in 1669, Laure is sent across the Atlantic to New France with Madeleine as filles du roi. The girls know little of the place they are being sent to, except for stories of ferocious winters and Indians who eat the hearts of French priests. To be banished to Canada is a punishment worse than death. Bride of New France explores the challenges Laure faces coming into womanhood in a brutal time and place. From the moment she arrives in Ville-Marie (Montreal) she is expected to marry and produce children with a brutish French soldier who himself can barely survive the harsh conditions of his forest cabin. But through her clandestine relationship with Deskaheh, an allied Iroquois, Laure finds a sense of the possibilities in this New World. What happens to a woman who attempts to make her own life choices in such authoritative times?

Author : François-Marc Gagnon
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780773587236

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Codex Canadensis and the Writings of Louis Nicolas by François-Marc Gagnon Pdf

Part art, part science, part anthropology, this ambitious project presents an early Canadian perspective on natural history that is as much artistic and fantastical as it is encyclopedic. Edited and introduced by François-Marc Gagnon, The Codex Canadensis and the Writings of Louis Nicolas showcases an intriguing attempt to document the life of the new world - flora, fauna, and aboriginal. The book brings together for the first time the illustrated Codex Canadensis and The Natural History of the New World, following Gagnon's argument that both can be attributed to Louis Nicolas, a French Jesuit priest who travelled throughout Canada between 1664 and 1675. Histoire Naturelle des Indes Occidentales, originally written in classical French, has been put in modern French by Réal Ouellet and translated into English by Nancy Senior. The Natural History presents a pre-Linnaean botany and pre-Darwinian account of living things, including hundreds of species of plants and vivid descriptions of wildlife. It is thoroughly annotated, focusing on the contemporary identification of species, as the result of a pan-Canadian collaboration of experts in fields from linguistics to biology and botany. The Codex Canadensis, currently in the collection of the Gilcrease Museum in Tulsa, Oklahoma, is reproduced in full and provides both a fascinating visual account of wildlife as Nicolas saw it and a rare example of early Canadian art. Gagnon's introduction profiles Louis Nicolas and analyses connections between his work and European examples of natural illustration from the period. The Codex Canadensis and the Writings of Louis Nicolas shows how the wildlife and native inhabitants of the new world were understood and documented by a seventeenth-century European and makes available fundamental documents in the history and visual culture of early North America.

Author : Pierre-François-Xavier de Charlevoix
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1870
Category : Canada
ISBN : UOM:39015019157844

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History and General Description of New France by Pierre-François-Xavier de Charlevoix Pdf

Author : Brett Rushforth
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780807838174

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Bonds of Alliance by Brett Rushforth Pdf

In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, French colonists and their Native allies participated in a slave trade that spanned half of North America, carrying thousands of Native Americans into bondage in the Great Lakes, Canada, and the Caribbean. In Bonds of Alliance, Brett Rushforth reveals the dynamics of this system from its origins to the end of French colonial rule. Balancing a vast geographic and chronological scope with careful attention to the lives of enslaved individuals, this book gives voice to those who lived through the ordeal of slavery and, along the way, shaped French and Native societies. Rather than telling a simple story of colonial domination and Native victimization, Rushforth argues that Indian slavery in New France emerged at the nexus of two very different forms of slavery: one indigenous to North America and the other rooted in the Atlantic world. The alliances that bound French and Natives together forced a century-long negotiation over the nature of slavery and its place in early American society. Neither fully Indian nor entirely French, slavery in New France drew upon and transformed indigenous and Atlantic cultures in complex and surprising ways. Based on thousands of French and Algonquian-language manuscripts archived in Canada, France, the United States and the Caribbean, Bonds of Alliance bridges the divide between continental and Atlantic approaches to early American history. By discovering unexpected connections between distant peoples and places, Rushforth sheds new light on a wide range of subjects, including intercultural diplomacy, colonial law, gender and sexuality, and the history of race.

Author : Allan Greer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2018-01-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107160644

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Property and Dispossession by Allan Greer Pdf

Offers a new reading of the history of the colonization of North America and the dispossession of its indigenous peoples.

Author : Devrim Karahasan
Publisher : Europäische Hochschulschriften / European University Studies / Publications Universitaires Européennes
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Canada
ISBN : 3631589751

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Métissage in New France and Canada 1508 to 1886 by Devrim Karahasan Pdf

This book deals with métissage in New France and Canada in the period 1508 to 1886. Métissage is understood as a syncretistic process of cultural, social and political encounter and mixture of ethnic groups that resulted from mixed marriages and relationships. Those led to the rise of the Métis people in North America, which were distinguished as French-speaking Métis and English-speaking Halfbreeds. The process of mixture began in 1508, when first Indians were shipped to France with the intention to use them as multipliers of French culture on their return to the colony. In 1886, the Act of Savages legally distinguished between «Indians» and «Metis», thus marking the beginning of a mixed-blood identity in Canada that was differentiated from neighbouring Whites, Indians and Inuit. The theoretical approach of the history of concepts is employed in the longue durée to show the variance throughout four centuries.

Author : Louise Dechêne
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1993-01-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780773561724

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Habitants and Merchants in Seventeenth-Century Montreal by Louise Dechêne Pdf

Dechêne's work, when first published, constituted a major milestone in the development of methodology and use of sources. Her systematic examination of difficult and massive documentary collections blazed a number of new trails for other researchers. Her judicious blending of numerical data and "qualitative" findings makes this book one of the rare examples of "new history" that avoids the extremes of statistical abstraction and anecdotal antiquarianism. Habitants and Merchants in Seventeenth-Century Montreal won the Governor-General's Award and the Garneau Medal from the Canadian Historical Association when it first appeared in French.

Author : Takao Abé
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9789004192850

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The Jesuit Mission to New France by Takao Abé Pdf

A new interpretation of the Jesuit mission to New France is here proposed by using, for comparison and contrast, the earlier Jesuit experience in Japan. In order to present revisionist perspectives of the Jesuit missions based on a broader international framework beyond North America, the existing historical paradigms of the Jesuit missionary activity to Amerindians based on the limited regional history of New France are re-examined.

Author : W. P. Kerr
Publisher : Halifax, NS : Nimbus Pub.
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Acadia
ISBN : 1551095254

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Port-Royal Habitation by W. P. Kerr Pdf

2005 marks the 400th anniversary of the establishment in Acadie of the Port-Royal Habitation by the French. Accompanied by a diverse range of historic and present-day visuals, this history of Port-Royal focuses on daily life at the Habitation from 1605-1613, as well as on undertones of social, political, and religious intrigue. Most importantly, this volume also reflects on the broader history of European colonization and interactions with the First Nation's Peoples, particularly the Mi'kmaq, as it was at the Habitation that the centuries-long Mi'kmaq-French friendship and alliance truly began. Thought-provoking and carefully researched, this look at an important aspect of our past is presented in an attractive layout, guaranteed to please any history buff, as well as any reader hoping to learn more about this significant turning-point in Canadian history.