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Author : Derek Ward-Thompson,Ray S. Furuya,Yusuke Tsukamoto,Christopher F. McKee
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889637720
Author : Ana I. Gómez de Castro,Mark Heyer,Enrique Vázquez-Semadeni,Rafael Rebolo,Michel Tagger,Ralph E. Pudritz
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9048166020
Magnetic Fields play a key role in the physics of star formation on all scales: from the formation of the large complexes of molecular clouds to the formation of solar-like planetary systems. The plasma physics involved is non-linear and very complex, which requires the development of large numerical codes. An additional difficulty is that the detection and study of magnetic fields is not easy from an observational point of view, and therefore theoretical models cannot easily be constrained. In the week from April 21st to 25th in 2003, a meeting was held on the Campus of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain) to join theoretical and observational efforts to address these issues. The objective was to define a set of relevant problems for the physics of star formation that can be properly addressed with the current or near-future instruments. This book summarizes the results of this intensive week of work. The book is written in a comprehensive manner and reviews our current knowledge of the subject. It also represents an updated account of the ideas and thoughts of the scientists working in the field of Star Formation. The contributions are presented in six chapters which correspond to the six fundamental issues (sessions) on which the discussion was focused during the workshop: the physics of turbulence in the Interstellar Medium (ISM), the formation of structure in the ISM, the formation of stars within dense cores of molecular gas, the physics of accretion disks, the physics of outflows and their interaction with the ISM, and the interaction between the stellar magnetosphere and accretion disk. Each chapter starts with a comprehensive summary written by one of the editors, which includes input from the contributions as well as the editor's own thoughts on the subject. For all these reasons the book is well-suited as a primer to introduce graduate students in the richness of this field of research.
Author : Alexander Lazarian,Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino,Claudio Melioli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 627 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662446256
This volume presents the current knowledge of magnetic fields in diffuse astrophysical media. Starting with an overview of 21st century instrumentation to observe astrophysical magnetic fields, the chapters cover observational techniques, origin of magnetic fields, magnetic turbulence, basic processes in magnetized fluids, the role of magnetic fields for cosmic rays, in the interstellar medium and for star formation. Written by a group of leading experts the book represents an excellent overview of the field. Nonspecialists will find sufficient background to enter the field and be able to appreciate the state of the art.
Author : Ulrich Klein,Andrew Fletcher
Publisher : Springer
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2014-11-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319089423
This course-tested textbook conveys the fundamentals of magnetic fields and relativistic plasma in diffuse cosmic media, with a primary focus on phenomena that have been observed at different wavelengths. Theoretical concepts are addressed wherever necessary, with derivations presented in sufficient detail to be generally accessible. In the first few chapters the authors present an introduction to various astrophysical phenomena related to cosmic magnetism, with scales ranging from molecular clouds in star-forming regions and supernova remnants in the Milky Way, to clusters of galaxies. Later chapters address the role of magnetic fields in the evolution of the interstellar medium, galaxies and galaxy clusters. The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in astronomy and physics and will serve as an entry point for those starting their first research projects in the field.
Author : Pascal Petit,Moira Jardine,Hendrik C. Spruit
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 1107044987
All phases of stellar evolution are influenced by the presence of magnetic fields in the star's interior and close environment. IAU Symposium 302 gives an overview of the emerging field of stellar magnetism. The last few years have seen the dawn of a new era in this research domain, with the advent of powerful tools strengthening both observational and modelling approaches, rapidly changing our view of the role stellar magnetism plays throughout stellar evolution. The topics covered span all phases of evolution, from the formation of stars and their early accreting years, through main sequence evolution for both low and high mass stars, and also the final stages of stellar evolution. This volume features the most recent advances achieved by major observatories (ground-based and space-borne) and through massively-parallel 3D numerical simulations, benefiting astronomers interested in the latest observational and theoretical developments in this exciting and growing field.
Author : Charles J. Lada,N.D. Kylafis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 779 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401136426
The origin of stars is one of the principle mysteries of nature. During the last two decades advances in technology have enabled more progress to be made in the quest to understand stellar origins than at any other time in history. The study of star formation has developed into one of the most important branches of mod ern astrophysical research. A large body of observational data and a considerable literat ure now exist concerning this topic and a 1arge community of international astronomers and physicists devote their efforts attempting to decipher the secrets of stellar birth. Yet, the young astronomerjphysicist or more advanced researcher desiring to obtain a basic background in this area of research must sift through a very diverse and sometimes bewildering literature. A literature which includes research in many discip1ines and sub discip1ines of classical astrophysics from stel lar structure to the interstellar medium and encompasses the entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum from radio to gamma rays. Often, the reward of a suc cessfu1 foray through the current literature is the realization that the results can be obsolete and outdated as soon as the ink is dry in the journal or the conference proceeding in which they are published.
Author : Derek Ward-Thompson,Anthony P. Whitworth
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2011-02-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139494472
Guiding the reader through all the stages that lead to the formation of a star such as our Sun, this advanced textbook provides students with a complete overview of star formation. It examines the underlying physical processes that govern the evolution from a molecular cloud core to a main-sequence star, and focuses on the formation of solar-mass stars. Each chapter combines theory and observation, helping readers to connect with and understand the theory behind star formation. Beginning with an explanation of the interstellar medium and molecular clouds as sites of star formation, subsequent chapters address the building of typical stars and the formation of high-mass stars, concluding with a discussion of the by-products and consequences of star formation. This is a unique, self-contained text with sufficient background information for self-study, and is ideal for students and professional researchers alike.
Author : Peter Bodenheimer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2011-07-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642150630
Understanding star formation is one of the key fields in present-day astrophysics. This book treats a wide variety of the physical processes involved, as well as the main observational discoveries, with key points being discussed in detail. The current star formation in our galaxy is emphasized, because the most detailed observations are available for this case. The book presents a comparison of the various scenarios for star formation, discusses the basic physics underlying each one, and follows in detail the history of a star from its initial state in the interstellar gas to its becoming a condensed object in equilibrium. Both theoretical and observational evidence to support the validity of the general evolutionary path are presented, and methods for comparing the two are emphasized. The author is a recognized expert in calculations of the evolution of protostars, the structure and evolution of disks, and stellar evolution in general. This book will be of value to graduate students in astronomy and astrophysics as well as to active researchers in the field.
Author : Steven W. Stahler,Francesco Palla
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 865 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2008-07-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527618682
This book is a comprehensive treatment of star formation, one of the most active fields of modern astronomy. The reader is guided through the subject in a logically compelling manner. Starting from a general description of stars and interstellar clouds, the authors delineate the earliest phases of stellar evolution. They discuss formation activity not only in the Milky Way, but also in other galaxies, both now and in the remote past. Theory and observation are thoroughly integrated, with the aid of numerous figures and images. In summary, this volume is an invaluable resource, both as a text for physics and astronomy graduate students, and as a reference for professional scientists.
Author : Diego Fernando Gonzalez Casanova Gallegos
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1127911530
The interstellar medium (ISM) is a key part of our universe, affecting star formation, particle acceleration, and galaxy evolution. Furthermore, magnetic fields play a critical role in the ISM. It is therefore paramount to study magnetic fields and develop theoretical tools to characterize them. Turbulence, like magnetic fields, is ubiquitous to the ISM. In this thesis I will use our current understanding of turbulent magnetohydrodynamic theory, expand on it, and develop observational tools to measure magnetic fields. Velocity centroids are the only observable that give information about the velocity field in the ISM using spectroscopic information. In this thesis, I explore some of their properties and how they are affected by the magnetic fields in the ISM. Based on the properties of the velocity centroid, I introduce a new technique to map the plane of the sky (POS) magnetic field, the "velocity gradient technique" (VGT). I then expand the VGT to cover not only diffuse media but also molecular media. Finally, I use the VGT to obtain the 3D structure in position-position-velocity (PPV) of the POS magnetic field in the galaxy and I corroborate the analysis with stellar polarization measurements. For the second part of the work I study the effects of magnetic fields on star formation. In star formation, the torques from the magnetic field can disrupt the proto-stellar disk formation. I find that solely the properties of turbulence can produce the observed proto-stellar disk. I also expand the use of the VGT in the early stages of star formation, providing a second tool in addition to dust polarization. Finally I study the turbulent properties and magnetic fields in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). I use our current understanding of turbulence and spectroscopy obsrevations to explore on the sources of turbulence
Author : Charles J. Lada,N.D. Kylafis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 752 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401145091
A few years after the publication of The Physics of Star Formation and Early Stellar Evolution, we received a request from the publisher for an up dated second edition of this popular reference book. As originally intended, the volume had proved to be a useful "text" book for graduate astronomy courses and seminars which dealt with topics related to stellar origins. The book was based on a series of lectures delivered by a distinguished group of leading researchers at a NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) held in May 1990 on the island of Crete, Greece. The primary goal of the ASI was in fact to produce a book which "would simultaneously provide a broad and systematic overview of, as well as a rigorous introduction to, the fun damental physics and astronomy at the heart of modern research in star formation and early stellar evolution. " However, by 1995 concern had arisen among those who used the text as a reference for graduate seminars and courses that the book would need to be updated to stay abreast of the discoveries and progress in this rapidly evolving field. After some discussion we concluded that a new edition of the book was warranted and that the goal of producing a new edition would be best accomplished by organizing a second ASI in Crete to review the progress in star formation research.
Author : Andrei M. Bykov,Corinne Charbonnel,Patrick Hennebelle,Alexandre Marcowith,Georges Meynet,Maurizio Falanga,Rudolf von Steiger
Publisher : Springer
Page : 553 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9402420649
The review papers in this volume provide an in-depth examination of complex astrophysical phenomena of star formation via multi-wavelength observations and modeling. Among the fundamental issues discussed in the book are: The role of gravity and magnetized turbulence in the formation and evolution of molecular clouds The stellar feedback (supernovae, HII regions, winds, cosmic rays) in regulating star formation The origin of the stellar initial mass function and its universality across various environments Jets, magnetic fields and high energy particles in stellar clusters The origin of the first stars and black holes The goal of these papers is to review the major processes governing star formation and to investigate how they are interlinked. In doing so, they provide an in-depth look at the tremendous theoretical and observational progress that has been made in the recent past and also outline future perspectives. Previously published in Space Science Reviews in the Topical Collection "Star Formation”
Author : Richard M Crutcher
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1498757936
This book focuses on observing magnetic fields in order to understand their role in star and planet formation. Polarimetry observers will gain a better understanding of all the various techniques, especially those beyond what they themselves use. Theorists will gain an understanding of exactly what one can infer from the observational data, including both the limitations and the power of the different techniques. Readers not actively involved in star formation research will gain a clear understanding of the possible roles played by magnetic fields and the current state of the observational field. The book provides a foundation for future research in this field.
Author : Norbert S. Schulz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-05-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642239267
Starburst regions in nearby and distant galaxies have a profound impact on our understanding of the early universe. This new, substantially updated and extended edition of Norbert Schulz’s unique book "From Dust to Stars" describes complex physical processes involved in the creation and early evolution of stars. It illustrates how these processes reveal themselves from radio wavelengths to high energy X-rays and gamma–rays, with special reference towards high energy signatures. Several sections devoted to key analysis techniques demonstrate how modern research in this field is pursued and new chapters are introduced on massive star formation, proto-planetary disks and observations of young exoplanets. Recent advances and contemporary research on the theory of star formation are explained, as are new observations, specifically from the three great observatories of the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory which all now operate at the same time and make high resolution space based observing in its prime. As indicated by the new title two new chapters have been included on proto-planetary disks and young exoplanets. Many more colour images illustrate attractive old and new topics that have evolved in recent years. The author gives updates in theory, fragmentation, dust, and circumstellar disks and emphasizes and strengthens the targeting of graduate students and young researchers, focusing more on computational approaches in this edition.
Author : A.A. Ruzmaikin,D.D. Sokoloff,A.M. Shukurov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1988-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9027724504
Magnetism, when extended beyond normal frameworks into cosmic space is characterized by an enormous spatial scale. Because of their large sizes the nature of magnets such as the Earth and the Sun is entirely different from the nature of a horseshoe magnet. The source of cosmic magnetism is associated with the hydrodynamic motions of a highly conductive medium. In this aspect, cosmic magnets resemble a dynamo. However, currents in the dynamo flow along properly ordered wires, while chaotic, turbulent motions are dominant inside stars and liquid planetary cores. This makes more intriguing and surprising the fact that these motions maintain a regular magnetic field. Maintenance of magnetic fields is even more impressive in huge magnets, i.e. galaxies. In fact, we are living inside a giant dynamo machine, the Milky Way galaxy. Although the idea of the global magnetic field of our Galaxy was clearly proposed almost 40 years ago, firm observational evidence and definite theoretical concepts of galactic magnetism have been developed only in the last decade. This book is the first attempt at a full and consistent presentation of this problem. We discuss both theoretical views on the origin of galactic magnetism and the methods of observational study. Previous discussions were on the level of review articles or separate chapters in monographs devoted to cosmic magnetic fields (see, e.g., H. K. Moffatt, 1978, E. N. Parker, 1979 and Zeldovich et aI., 1983).
