The Side Effects Of Insecticides On Insects And The Adaptation Mechanisms Of Insects To Insecticides

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The Side Effects of Insecticides on Insects and the Adaptation Mechanisms of Insects to Insecticides

Author : Youhui Gong,Ting Li,Qingli Shang,Xiaoming Xia,Adil Hussain,Asad Ali
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2023-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832536445

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The Side Effects of Insecticides on Insects and the Adaptation Mechanisms of Insects to Insecticides by Youhui Gong,Ting Li,Qingli Shang,Xiaoming Xia,Adil Hussain,Asad Ali Pdf

Insecticides have played a major role in the management of agricultural and medical insect pests since their first application in pest control. The impacts of insecticide on the environment, as well as on organisms in ecosystems, have been addressed for decades. On the one hand, the side effects of insecticides on pollinating insects, natural predators and nontarget insects, can cause imbalances/disruption in ecosystems, and resurgence of target pests, which eventually leads to agricultural production losses. On the other hand, as one of the most successful groups of animals, insects have evolved a wide range of adaptive strategies that allow them to live in almost every habitat on earth, survive and reproduce even when subjected to chemical stresses such as natural plant allelochemicals and insecticides. Outbreaks of pests following insecticide application owing to hormesis effects and evolution of insecticide resistance in insects threatens the sustainability of insecticides employed as the most effective measure for control of agricultural and medical pests.

Insecticides with Novel Modes of Action

Author : Isaac Ishaaya,Danny Degheele
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662035658

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Insecticides with Novel Modes of Action by Isaac Ishaaya,Danny Degheele Pdf

The future of insect control looked very bright in the 1950s and 1960s with new insecticides constantly coming onto the market. Today, however, whole classes of pesticide chemistry have fallen by the wayside due to misuse which generated resistance problems reaching crisis proportions, severe adverse effects on the environment, and public outcry that has led to increasingly stricter regulation and legislation. It is with this background, demanding the need for safer, environmentally friendly pesticides and new strategies to reduce resistance problems, that this book was written. The authors of the various chapters have a wealth of experience in pesticide chemistry, biochemical modes of action, mechanism of resistance and application, and have presented concise reviews. Each is actively involved in thedevelopment of new groups of pesticide chemistry which led to the development of novel insecticides with special impact in controlling agricultural pests. Emphasis has been given to insecticides with selective properties, such as insect growth regulators hormone mimics, ecdysone agonists), (chitin synthesis inhibitors, juvenile chloronicotinyl insecticides (imidacloprid, acetamiprid), botanical insecticides (neem, plant oils), pymetrozine, diafenthiuron, pyrrole insecticides, and others. The importance of these compounds, as components in integrated pest management programs and in insecticide resistance management strategies, is discussed. The data presented are essential in establishing new technologies and developing novel groups of compounds which will have impact on our future agricultural practices.

Insecticides Resistance

Author : Stanislav Trdan
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535122586

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Insecticides Resistance by Stanislav Trdan Pdf

This book contains 20 chapters, which are divided into 5 sections. Section 1 covers different aspects of insecticide resistance of selected economically important plant insect pests, whereas section 2 includes chapters about the importance, development and insecticide resistance management in controlling malaria vectors. Section 3 is dedicated to some general questions in insecticide resistance, while the main topic of section 4 is biochemical approaches of insecticide resistance mechanisms. Section 5 covers ecologically acceptable approaches for overcoming insecticide resistance, such are the use of mycoinsecticides, and understanding the role of some plant chemical compounds, which are important in interactions between plants, their pests and biological control agents.

The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2000-11-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309172943

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The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture Pdf

Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.

Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309048750

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Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Pesticides in the Diets of Infants and Children Pdf

Many of the pesticides applied to food crops in this country are present in foods and may pose risks to human health. Current regulations are intended to protect the health of the general population by controlling pesticide use. This book explores whether the present regulatory approaches adequately protect infants and children, who may differ from adults in susceptibility and in dietary exposures to pesticide residues. The committee focuses on four major areas: Susceptibility: Are children more susceptible or less susceptible than adults to the effects of dietary exposure to pesticides? Exposure: What foods do infants and children eat, and which pesticides and how much of them are present in those foods? Is the current information on consumption and residues adequate to estimate exposure? Toxicity: Are toxicity tests in laboratory animals adequate to predict toxicity in human infants and children? Do the extent and type of toxicity of some chemicals vary by species and by age? Assessing risk: How is dietary exposure to pesticide residues associated with response? How can laboratory data on lifetime exposures of animals be used to derive meaningful estimates of risk to children? Does risk accumulate more rapidly during the early years of life? This book will be of interest to policymakers, administrators of research in the public and private sectors, toxicologists, pediatricians and other health professionals, and the pesticide industry.

Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants

Author : National Research Council,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2000-08-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309172127

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Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants by National Research Council,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants Pdf

This book explores the risks and benefits of crops that are genetically modified for pest resistance, the urgency of establishing an appropriate regulatory framework for these products, and the importance of public understanding of the issues. The committee critically reviews federal policies toward transgenic products, the 1986 coordinated framework among the key federal agencies in the field, and rules proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency for regulation of plant pesticides. This book provides detailed analyses of: Mechanisms and results of genetic engineering compared to conventional breeding for pest resistance. Review of scientific issues associated with transgenic pest-protected plants, such as allergenicity, impact on nontarget plants, evolution of the pest species, and other concerns. Overview of regulatory framework and its use of scientific information with suggestions for improvements.

Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security

Author : Omkar
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 762 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-02-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128032664

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Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security by Omkar Pdf

Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security explores the broad range of opportunity and challenges afforded by Integrated Pest Management systems. The book focuses on the insect resistance that has developed as a result of pest control chemicals, and how new methods of environmentally complementary pest control can be used to suppress harmful organisms while protecting the soil, plants, and air around them. As the world’s population continues its rapid increase, this book addresses the production of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and other foods and their subsequent demand increase. Traditional means of food crop production face proven limitations and increasing research is turning to alternative means of crop growth and protection. Addresses environmentally focused pest control with specific attention to its role in food security and sustainability. Includes a range of pest management methods, from natural enemies to biomolecules. Written by experts with extensive real-world experience.

Insect Growth Disruptors

Author : Tarlochan S. Dhadialla
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-11-29
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780123915009

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Insect Growth Disruptors by Tarlochan S. Dhadialla Pdf

Advances in Insect Physiology is committed to publishing volumes containing comprehensive and in-depth reviews on all aspects of insect physiology. First published in 1963, these volumes are an essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists. This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects. Contains comprehensive and in-depth reviews. Essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists. This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects.

Voltage Gated Sodium Channels

Author : Peter C. Ruben
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642415883

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Voltage Gated Sodium Channels by Peter C. Ruben Pdf

A number of techniques to study ion channels have been developed since the electrical basis of excitability was first discovered. Ion channel biophysicists have at their disposal a rich and ever-growing array of instruments and reagents to explore the biophysical and structural basis of sodium channel behavior. Armed with these tools, researchers have made increasingly dramatic discoveries about sodium channels, culminating most recently in crystal structures of voltage-gated sodium channels from bacteria. These structures, along with those from other channels, give unprecedented insight into the structural basis of sodium channel function. This volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology will explore sodium channels from the perspectives of their biophysical behavior, their structure, the drugs and toxins with which they are known to interact, acquired and inherited diseases that affect sodium channels and the techniques with which their biophysical and structural properties are studied.

Co-Evolution of Secondary Metabolites

Author : Jean-Michel Mérillon,Kishan Gopal Ramawat
Publisher : Springer
Page : 973 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 3319963988

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Co-Evolution of Secondary Metabolites by Jean-Michel Mérillon,Kishan Gopal Ramawat Pdf

This Reference Work is devoted to plant secondary metabolites and their evolutionary adaptation to different hosts and pests. Secondary metabolites play an important biological role in plants’ defence against herbivores, abiotic stresses and pathogens, and they also attract beneficial organisms such as pollinators. In this work, readers will find a comprehensive review of the phytochemical diversity, modification and adaptation of secondary metabolites, and the consequences of their co-evolution with plant parasites, pollinators, and herbivores. Chapters from expert contributors are organised into twelve sections that collate the current knowledge in intra-/inter-specific diversity in plant secondary metabolites, changes in secondary metabolites during plants’ adaptation to different environmental conditions, and co-evolution of host-parasite metabolites. Among the twelve themed parts, readers will also discover expert analysis on the genetics and chemical ecology evolution of secondary metabolites, and particular attention is also given to allelochemicals, bioactive molecules in plant defence and the evolution of sensory perception in vertebrates. This reference work will appeal to students, researchers and professionals interested in the field of plant pathology, plant breeding, biotechnology, agriculture and phytochemistry.

The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”

Author : Sauro Longhi,Andrea Monteriù,Alessandro Freddi,Giulia Bettin,Silvio Cardinali,Maria Serena Chiucchi,Marco Gallegati
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2020-01-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030338794

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The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche” by Sauro Longhi,Andrea Monteriù,Alessandro Freddi,Giulia Bettin,Silvio Cardinali,Maria Serena Chiucchi,Marco Gallegati Pdf

The book describes significant multidisciplinary research findings at the Università Politecnica delle Marche and the expected future advances. It addresses some of the most dramatic challenges posed by today’s fast-growing, global society and the changes it has caused, while also discussing solutions to improve the wellbeing of human beings. The book covers the main research achievements made in the social sciences and humanities, and includes chapters that focus on understanding mechanisms that are relevant to all aspects of economic and social interactions among individuals. In line with Giorgio Fuà’s contribution, the interdisciplinary research being pursued at the Faculty of Economics of Università Politecnica delle Marche is aimed at interpreting the process of economic development in all of its facets, both at the national and local level, with a particular focus on profit and non-profit organizations. Various disciplines are covered, from economics to sociology, history, statistics, mathematics, law, accounting, finance and management.

Encyclopedia of Entomology

Author : John L. Capinera
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1062 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2008-08-11
Category : Science
ISBN : MINN:31951D02811758L

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Encyclopedia of Entomology by John L. Capinera Pdf

Bringing together the expertise of over 450 distinguished entomologists from 40 countries, this exhaustive work provides a global overview of insects and their close relatives. It is designed as an introduction to this fascinating group of animals.

The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Emerging Infections
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2003-03-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309168304

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The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Emerging Infections Pdf

The resistance topic is timely given current events. The emergence of mysterious new diseases, such as SARS, and the looming threat of bioterrorist attacks remind us of how vulnerable we can be to infectious agents. With advances in medical technologies, we have tamed many former microbial foes, yet with few new antimicrobial agents and vaccines in the pipeline, and rapidly increasing drug resistance among infectious microbes, we teeter on the brink of loosing the upperhand in our ongoing struggle against these foes, old and new. The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors examines our understanding of the relationships among microbes, disease vectors, and human hosts, and explores possible new strategies for meeting the challenge of resistance.

Pesticide Resistance in Arthropods

Author : Richard Roush,Bruce E. Tabashnik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781468464290

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Pesticide Resistance in Arthropods by Richard Roush,Bruce E. Tabashnik Pdf

Bruce E. Tabashnik and Richard T. Roush Pesticide resistance is an increasingly urgent worldwide problem. Resistance to one or more pesticides has been documented in more than 440 species of insects and mites. Resistance in vectors of human dise8se, particularly malaria-transmit ting mosquitoes, is a serious threat to public health in many nations. Agricultural productivity is jeopardized because of widespread resistance in crop and livestock pests. Serious resistance problems are also evident in pests of the urban environ ment, most notably cockroaches. Better understanding of pesticide resistance is needed to devise techniques for managing resistance (Le. , slowing, preventing, or reversing development of resistance in pests and promoting it in beneficial natural enemies). At the same time, resistance is a dramatic example of evolution. Knowledge of resistance can thus provide fundamental insights into evolution, genetics, physiology, and ecology. Resistance management can help to reduce the harmful effects of pesticides by decreasing rates of pesticide use and prolonging the efficacy of environmentally safe pesticides. In response to resistance problems, the concentration or frequency of pesticide applications is often increased. Effective resistance management would reduce this type of increased pesticide use. Improved monitoring of resis tance would also decrease the number of ineffective pesticide applications that are made when a resistance problem exists but has not been diagnosed. Resistance often leads to replacement of one pesticide with another that is more expensive and less compatible with alternative controls.

Integration of Insect-Resistant Genetically Modified Crops within IPM Programs

Author : Jörg Romeis,Anthony M. Shelton,George Kennedy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2008-07-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402083730

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Integration of Insect-Resistant Genetically Modified Crops within IPM Programs by Jörg Romeis,Anthony M. Shelton,George Kennedy Pdf

Insect pests remain one of the main constraints to food and fiber production worldwide despite farmers deploying a range of techniques to protect their crops. Modern pest control is guided by the principles of integrated pest management (IPM) with pest resistant germplasm being an important part of the foundation. Since 1996, when the first genetically modified (GM) insect-resistant maize variety was commercialized in the USA, the area planted to insect-resistant GM varieties has grown dramatically, representing the fastest adoption rate of any agricultural technology in human history. The goal of our book is to provide an overview on the role insect-resistant GM plants play in different crop systems worldwide. We hope that the book will contribute to a more rational debate about the role GM crops can play in IPM for food and fiber production.