The South China Sea Thermohaline Structure And Circulation

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:318685753

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The South China Sea Thermohaline Structure and Circulation by Anonim Pdf

In this study, the authors used the Navy's Master Oceanographic Observation Data Set (MOODS), consisting of 116,019 temperature and 9,617 salinity profiles, during 1968-1984 to investigate the temporal and spatial variabilities of South China Sea thermohaline structures and circulation. For temperature, profiles were binned into 204 monthly data sets from 1968 to 1984 (17 years). For salinity, profiles were binned into 12 climatological monthly data sets due to the data paucity. A two-scale optimal interpolation method was used to establish a three-dimensional, monthly varying gridded data set from MOODS, covering the area of 5 degrees to 25 degrees N and 105 degrees to 125 degrees E and the depth from the surface to 400 m. After the gridded data set had been established, both composite analysis and Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis (for temperature only) were used to identify the major thermohaline features, including annual mean, monthly anomalies, and interannual thermal variabilities. The inverted monthly circulation pattern using the P-vector method also is discussed.

Author : Binbing Ma
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1998-09-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1423557158

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The South China Sea Thermohaline Structure and Circulation by Binbing Ma Pdf

The minimum curvature with spline method was used to establish a three-dimensional monthly-varying gridded data from the Navy's Master Oceanographic Observation Data Set (approximate 189,000 profiles), covering the area of 5 deg N - 25 deg N and 105 deg E - 125 deg E and from the surface to 400 m depth. For temperature, profiles were binned into 204 monthly data sets from 1968 to 1984 (17 years). Because of the paucity of salinity data, salinity profiles were binned into 12 climatological monthly data sets, and the monthly climatological mean was computed. After the gridded data set had been established, both composite analysis and the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis were used to identity the major thermohaline features. The first EOF mode accounts for 26.7% of the variance and represents the seasonal variation. The second EOF mode accounts for 17.7% of the variance and represents the interannual SCS warning/cooling phases. Furthermore, the P-vector method was used to invert three-dimensional velocity fields from the analyzed temperature and salinity data. Important dynamical processes, including th Kuroshio intrusion, the western boundary current (counter-current), the cross basin current (undercounter-current), the mesoscale eddies, and the basin gyre are identified.

Author : Nathan L. Edmons
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822023944606

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Studies of the South China Sea Circulation and Thermal Structure Using a Three Dimensional Numerical Model by Nathan L. Edmons Pdf

The seasonal ocean circulation and thermal structure in the South China Sea (SCS) were studied numerically using the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) with 20 km horizontal resolution and 23 sigma levels conforming to a realistic bottom topography. A sixteen month control run was performed using climatological monthly mean wind stresses and restoring type salt and heat fluxes as surface forcing terms and observational oceanic inflow/outflow at the open boundaries. The seasonally averaged effects of isolated forcing terms are presented and analyzed from the following experiments: 1) non-linear effects removed, 2) wind effects removed, 3) open boundary inflow/outflow set to zero, and 4) open boundary inflow/outflow doubled. This procedure allowed analysis of spatial and temporal contributions of the isolated parameter to the general hydrology of the SCS and some of its specific features. A coastal jet is identified and analyzed, as are a mesoscale topographic gyre and several counter currents. Non-linearity is shown to be important to the energy and volume transport of baroclinic eddy features, but otherwise insignificant. Boundary transport from open lateral boundaries is determined to be of considerable importance to summer circulation and thermal structure, with little effect found for the winter monsoon hydrology. In general, monsoonal circulation patterns and upwelling phenomena are determined and forced by the wind, while boundary transport effects play a secondary role in determining the magnitude of the circulation velocities.

Author : Dongxiao Wang
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2022-10-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811962622

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Ocean Circulation and Air-Sea Interaction in the South China Sea by Dongxiao Wang Pdf

This book summarizes achievements of the study on circulation and air–sea interaction and development of the ocean observation network in the South China Sea in the last 20 years, thus serving as a comprehensive reference book to understand the dynamic environment in the SCS. It consists of seven chapters, briefly reviewing our understanding of the SCS circulation and air–sea interaction in chapter 1, then describing in detail the upper layer circulation from large scale (SCS through flow, SCS western boundary current, etc.), to meso- and submeso-scale in Chapters 2 and 5, dilute river plume and coastal upwelling over the shelf in Chapter 3, deep ocean circulation in Chapter 4, tropical cyclone activities and air–sea flux at the interface in Chapter 6, and the construction of the observation network and database in Chapter 7. Besides the basic features of these physical processes, the book also discusses their variations and fundamental dynamics. Thus, it is written in a way that meets the different information demands from researchers working in various marine related fields.

Author : Jianyu Hu,Chung-ru Ho,Lingling Xie,Quanan Zheng
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2020-06-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811206924

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Regional Oceanography Of The South China Sea by Jianyu Hu,Chung-ru Ho,Lingling Xie,Quanan Zheng Pdf

This book aims to share newly obtained results and information on regional oceanography of the South China Sea by leading experts in fields such as water mass, circulation, mesoscale eddies, near-inertial motion, upwelling, mixing, continental shelf waves, internal waves and fronts. These comprehensive results can provide new insights on global and regional climate change.

Author : Peter C. Chu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540333869

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P-Vector Inverse Method by Peter C. Chu Pdf

A major task for physical oceanographers is to determine the movement of oceanic water from observations. This book introduces the P-vector inverse method, with a two-step determination of the velocity from hydrographic data. The book provide insights into the basics of the P-vector inverse method and the features of the inverted global and regional ocean circulations. Upper undergraduate and graduate students as well as oceanographers, marine biologists and other environmental scientists will find this book a valuable tool for their studies.

Author : SungHyun Nam,Ying Wu,Jeomshik Hwang,Ryan Rykaczewski,Guebuem Kim
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2022-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832504536

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Physics and Biogeochemistry of the East Asian Marginal Seas by SungHyun Nam,Ying Wu,Jeomshik Hwang,Ryan Rykaczewski,Guebuem Kim Pdf

Author : Miroslav Gacic ,Manuel Bensi
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783039361526

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Ocean Exchange and Circulation by Miroslav Gacic ,Manuel Bensi Pdf

The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions—particularly from fossil fuel-powered vehicles and airplanes by means of weight savings and leaner fuel consumption, helps to restrain environmental impacts. In general, for a variety of industries, and specifically in the case of transport, where both weight savings and increased energy efficiency are pursued, the use of metal–polymer multi-material structures has been growing at an increasing and particularly fast pace in recent years. Several manufacturing techniques have been, or are being, developed, with the aim of being used for producing dissimilar materials in cost-efficient manners. This book presents recent developments in the state of the art of advanced additive manufacturing and the joining of metal–polymer multi-material structures in transportation. This publication mainly focuses on the correlations between microstructure, manufacturing process (i.e., AddJoining, adhesive bonding, friction riveting, friction-based staking and friction spot joining) properties, and the mechanical performance of metal–polymer multi-material structures.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Oceanography
ISBN : UOM:39015072615654

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Oceanology by Anonim Pdf

Author : Hendrik M. van Aken
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2007-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387480398

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The Oceanic Thermohaline Circulation by Hendrik M. van Aken Pdf

This book presents a global hydrographic description of the thermohaline circulation, an introduction to the theoretical aspects of this phenomenon, and observational evidence for the theory. The hydrographic description and the observational evidence are based on data sources available via internet, mainly from the World Oceanographic Experiment (WOCE). The book also offers an introduction to hydrographic analysis and interpretation.

Author : P.F. Hodnett
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401007924

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IUTAM Symposium on Advances in Mathematical Modelling of Atmosphere and Ocean Dynamics by P.F. Hodnett Pdf

The goals ofthe Symposium were to highlight advances in modelling ofatmosphere and ocean dynamics, to provide a forum where atmosphere and ocean scientists could present their latest research results and learn ofprogress and promising ideas in these allied disciplines; to facilitate interaction between theory and applications in atmosphere/ocean dynamics. These goals were seen to be especially important in view ofcurrent efforts to model climate requiring models which include interaction between atmosphere, ocean and land influences. Participants were delighted with the diversity ofthe scientific programme; the opportunity to meet fellow scientists from the other discipline (either atmosphere or ocean) with whom they do not normally interact through their own discipline; the opportunity to meet scientists from many countries other than their own; the opportunity to hear significant presentations (50 minutes) from the keynote speakers on a range ofrelevant topics. Certainly the goal ofcreating a forum for exchange between atmosphere and ocean scientists who need to input to create realistic models for climate prediction was achieved by the Symposium and this goal will hopefully be further advanced by the publication ofthese Proceedings.

Author : Herbert J. Kramer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 989 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642976780

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Observation of the Earth and Its Environment by Herbert J. Kramer Pdf

"In sum, I believe that every organization active in remote sensing will find Dr. Kramer's book to be an essential addition to its technical library, and I believe that every serious practitioner of remote sensing will find it a permanently useful and vital reference." John H. McElroy, Dean of Engineering, The University of Texas and Chair of the Committee on Earth studies of the U.S. National Research Council's Space Studies Board)

Author : Pinxian Wang,Qianyu Li
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2009-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402097454

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The South China Sea by Pinxian Wang,Qianyu Li Pdf

Pinxian Wang and Qianyu Li The South China Sea (SCS) (Fig. 1. 1) offers a special attraction for Earth scientists world-wide because of its location and its well-preserved hemipelagic sediments. As the largest one of the marginal seas separating Asia from the Paci?c, the largest continent from the largest ocean, the SCS functions as a focal point in land-sea int- actions of the Earth system. Climatically, the SCS is located between the Western Paci?c Warm Pool, the centre of global heating at the sea level, and the Tibetan Plateau, the centre of heating at an altitude of 5,000m. Geomorphologically, the SCS lies to the east of the highest peak on earth, Zhumulangma or Everest in the Himalayas (8,848m elevation) and to the west of the deepest trench in the ocean, Philippine Trench (10,497m water depth) (Wang P. 2004). Biogeographically, the SCS belongs to the so-called “East Indies Triangle” where modern marine and terrestrial biodiversity reaches a global maximum (Briggs 1999). Among the major marginal sea basins from the west Paci?c, the SCS presents some of the best conditions for accumulating complete paleoclimatic records in its hemipelagic deposits. These records are favorable for high-resolution pa- oceanographic studies because of high sedimentation rates and good carbonate preservation. It may not be merely a coincidence that two cores from the southern 14 SCS were among the ?rst several cores in the world ocean used by AMS C dating for high-resolution stratigraphy (Andree et al. 1986; Broecker et al. 1988).

Author : X. San Liang,Yuanzhi Zhang
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789843934

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Coastal Environment, Disaster, and Infrastructure by X. San Liang,Yuanzhi Zhang Pdf

The coastal environment is deteriorating at an alarming rate and is currently a great societal concern. This book provides a selected collection of papers on coastal environmental change, coastal disasters, and coastal infrastructure due to global warming, with a focus on the coasts of the rapidly developing country China. What makes the book distinctly different from others is its diversity, reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of coastal problems. With contributions from over 30 authors, the book is a comprehensive account of diverse topics, such as coastal upwelling, estuarine processes, coastal pollution, sea level rise, meteorological and atmospheric problems, urbanization and the heat island effect, and coastal infrastructure, to name just a few, from theoretical study and phenomenological description, to methodological development. This book is expected to serve as a relatively comprehensive reference for coastal researchers, graduate students, as well as policymakers and coastal resource managers.

Author : Koh Hock Lye,Teh Su Yean,Shahrul Anuar Mohd Sah,Zary Shariman Yahaya,Anita Talib
Publisher : Penerbit USM
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015-08-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789838616584

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Ecological Modelling for Sustainable Development (Penerbit USM) by Koh Hock Lye,Teh Su Yean,Shahrul Anuar Mohd Sah,Zary Shariman Yahaya,Anita Talib Pdf

In view of the current global scenario, which highlighted the importance of sustainable development and sustaining natural resources, the theme selected for the 2nd Regional ECOMOD 2007 Conference was indeed appropriate. This conference has generated overwhelming interest and I am sure the participants have focussed diligently on the serious issues concerning important environmental issues and steps needed to be taken towards a sustainable development and management of our natural resources and environment. As governments in the Asian region introduce new initiatives and development policies to rejuvenate and protect their environment and natural resources, it is imperative that universities and research institutions play a fundamental role in ensuring that the objectives of these policies are realized. Such institutions can complement government proposals by embarking on research that is relevant and valuable to the needs of respective nations and pursuing extensive research so that the outcome and technology generated can be transferred effectively to the end users. This concerted effort by all the researchers from different fields to improve and manage our natural resources should be lauded. I strongly believe that this conference is an extraordinary testimony to our capacity building at regional and local levels. I believe USM has something interesting to share with all of you in this area. Finally, on behalf of the Organizing Committee, I hope readers will find this book of proceedings useful, informative and stimulating.