The Technology Of High Level Nuclear Waste Disposal

Author : Committee on Separations Technology and Transmutation Systems,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 590 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1996-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309561952

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Nuclear Wastes by Committee on Separations Technology and Transmutation Systems,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council Pdf

Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Radioactive waste disposal
ISBN : UOM:39015004456359

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The Technology of High-level Nuclear Waste Disposal by Anonim Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Board on Radioactive Waste Management
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1999-10-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309184588

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Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Board on Radioactive Waste Management Pdf

During the next several years, decisions are expected to be made in several countries on the further development and implementation of the geological disposition option. The Board on Radioactive Waste Management (BRWM) of the U.S. National Academies believes that informed and reasoned discussion of relevant scientific, engineering and social issues can-and should-play a constructive role in the decision process by providing information to decision makers on relevant technical and policy issues. A BRWM-initiated project including a workshop at Irvine, California on November 4-5, 1999, and subsequent National Academies' report to be published in spring, 2000, are intended to provide such information to national policy makers both in the U.S. and abroad. To inform national policies, it is essential that experts from the physical, geological, and engineering sciences, and experts from the policy and social science communities work together. Some national programs have involved social science and policy experts from the beginning, while other programs have only recently recognized the importance of this collaboration. An important goal of the November workshop is to facilitate dialogue between these communities, as well as to encourage the sharing of experiences from many national programs. The workshop steering committee has prepared this discussion for participants at the workshop. It should elicit critical comments and help identify topics requiring in-depth discussion at the workshop. It is not intended as a statement of findings, conclusions, or recommendations. It is rather intended as a vehicle for stimulating dialogue among the workshop participants. Out of that dialogue will emerge the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the National Academies' report.

Author : United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Electronic government information
ISBN : UCR:31210024830315

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Managing the Nation's Commercial High-level Radioactive Waste by United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radioactive Waste Management,Committee on Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2001-07-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309073172

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Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radioactive Waste Management,Committee on Disposition of High-Level Radioactive Waste Through Geological Isolation Pdf

Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Government publications
ISBN : STANFORD:36105006288745

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Nuclear Waste Disposal and Utilization ; Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, Ninety-fifth Congress, Second Session ... March 31, 1978 by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space Pdf

Author : G. Sundqvist
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401599504

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The Bedrock of Opinion by G. Sundqvist Pdf

When did man discover nuclear waste? To answer this question, we first have to ask if nuclear waste really is something that could be called a scientific discovery, such as might deserve a Nobel Prize in physics. In early writings within nuclear energy research radioactive waste appears to be a neglected issue, a story never told. Nuclear waste first seems to appear when a public debate arose about public health risks of nuclear power in the late 1960s and early 70s. In nuclear physics, consensus was established at an early stage about the understanding of the splitting of uranium nuclei. The fission products were identified and their chains of disintegration and radioactivity soon were well established facts among the involved scientists, as was an awareness of the risks, for example the strong radioactivity of strontium and iodine, and the poisonous effects of plutonium. However, the by-products were never, either in part or in total, called or perceived as waste, just as fission by-products. How and where to dispose of the by-products were questions that were never asked by the pioneers of nuclear physics.

Author : Ken Nakajima
Publisher : Springer
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9784431551119

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Nuclear Back-end and Transmutation Technology for Waste Disposal by Ken Nakajima Pdf

This book covers essential aspects of transmutation technologies, highlighting especially the advances in Japan. The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) has caused us to focus attention on a large amount of spent nuclear fuels stored in NPPs. In addition, public anxiety regarding the treatment and disposal of high-level radioactive wastes that require long-term control is growing. The Japanese policy on the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle is still unpredictable in the aftermath of the accident. Therefore, research and development for enhancing the safety of various processes involved in nuclear energy production are being actively pursued worldwide. In particular, nuclear transmutation technology has been drawing significant attention after the accident. This publication is timely with the following highlights: 1) Development of accelerator-driven systems (ADSs), which is a brand-new reactor concept for transmutation of highly radioactive wastes; 2) Nuclear reactor systems from the point of view of the nuclear fuel cycle. How to reduce nuclear wastes or how to treat them including the debris from TEPCO’s Fukushima nuclear power stations is discussed; and 3) Environmental radioactivity, radioactive waste treatment and geological disposal policy. State-of-the-art technologies for overall back-end issues of the nuclear fuel cycle as well as the technologies of transmutation are presented here. The chapter authors are actively involved in the development of ADSs and transmutation-related technologies. The future of the back-end issues in Japan is very uncertain after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP and this book provides an opportunity for readers to consider the future direction of those issues.

Author : Robert Noyes
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1995-12-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780815518457

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Nuclear Waste Cleanup Technologies and Opportunities by Robert Noyes Pdf

One of the largest, most complicated and expensive environmental problems in the United States is the cleanup of nuclear wastes. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has approximately 4,000 contaminated sites covering tens of thousands of acres and replete with contaminated hazardous or radioactive waste, soil, or structures. In addition to high-level waste, it has more than 250,000 cubic meters of transuranic waste and millions of cubic meters of low-level radio-active waste. In addition, DOE is responsible for thousands of facilities awaiting decontamination, decommissioning, and dismantling. DOE and its predecessors have been involved in the management of radioactive wastes since 1943, when such wastes were first generated in significant quantities as by-products of nuclear weapons production. Waste connected with DOE's nuclear weapons complex has been accumulating as a result of various operations spanning over five decades. The cost estimates for nuclear waste cleanup in the United States have been rapidly rising. It has recently been estimated to be in a range from $200 to $350 billion. Costs could vary considerably based on future philosophies as to whether to isolate certain sites (the ""iron fence"" philosophy), or clean them up to a pristine condition (the ""greenfields"" philosophy). Funding will also be based on Congressional action that may reduce environmental cleanup, based on budget considerations.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Waste Forms Technology and Performance
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309187336

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Waste Forms Technology and Performance by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on Waste Forms Technology and Performance Pdf

The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) is responsible for cleaning up radioactive waste and environmental contamination resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons production and testing. A major focus of this program involves the retrieval, processing, and immobilization of waste into stable, solid waste forms for disposal. Waste Forms Technology and Performance, a report requested by DOE-EM, examines requirements for waste form technology and performance in the cleanup program. The report provides information to DOE-EM to support improvements in methods for processing waste and selecting and fabricating waste forms. Waste Forms Technology and Performance places particular emphasis on processing technologies for high-level radioactive waste, DOE's most expensive and arguably most difficult cleanup challenge. The report's key messages are presented in ten findings and one recommendation.

Author : Robert Noyes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780080946191

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Nuclear Waste Cleanup Technologies and Opportunities by Robert Noyes Pdf

One of the largest, most complicated and expensive environmental problems in the United States is the cleanup of nuclear wastes. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has approximately 4,000 contaminated sites covering tens of thousands of acres and replete with contaminated hazardous or radioactive waste, soil, or structures. In addition to high-level waste, it has more than 250,000 cubic meters of transuranic waste and millions of cubic meters of low-level radio-active waste. In addition, DOE is responsible for thousands of facilities awaiting decontamination, decommissioning, and dismantling. DOE and its predecessors have been involved in the management of radioactive wastes since 1943, when such wastes were first generated in significant quantities as by-products of nuclear weapons production. Waste connected with DOE's nuclear weapons complex has been accumulating as a result of various operations spanning over five decades. The cost estimates for nuclear waste cleanup in the United States have been rapidly rising. It has recently been estimated to be in a range from $200 to $350 billion. Costs could vary considerably based on future philosophies as to whether to isolate certain sites (the ""iron fence"" philosophy), or clean them up to a pristine condition (the ""greenfields"" philosophy). Funding will also be based on Congressional action that may reduce environmental cleanup, based on budget considerations.

Author : Yu S. Tang,James H. Saling
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1990-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0891166661

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Radioactive Waste Management by Yu S. Tang,James H. Saling Pdf

A complete overview of sources of radioactive waste, this book highlights the issues involved in safe transportation and decontamination as well as in decommissioning of nuclear facilities. It covers radioactive decay and radiation shielding calculations, management and disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high level-waste, low-level waste, transuranic waste, Uranium mill tailings, and mixed waste. It discusses technical and regulatory aspects of waste management and provides a look at historical record and its influence on current policy.

Author : Ronnie D. Lipschutz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015003415901

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Radioactive Waste by Ronnie D. Lipschutz Pdf

Good,No Highlights,No Markup,all pages are intact, Slight Shelfwear,may have the corners slightly dented, may have slight color changes/slightly damaged spine.

Author : Achim Brunnengräber,Maria Rosaria Di Nucci,Ana Maria Isidoro Losada,Lutz Mez,Miranda A. Schreurs
Publisher : Springer
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2015-02-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783658089627

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Nuclear Waste Governance by Achim Brunnengräber,Maria Rosaria Di Nucci,Ana Maria Isidoro Losada,Lutz Mez,Miranda A. Schreurs Pdf

This volume examines the national plans that ten Euratom countries plus Switzerland and the United States are developing to address high-level radioactive waste storage and disposal. The chapters, which were written by 23 international experts, outline European and national regulations, technology choices, safety criteria, monitoring systems, compensation schemes, institutional structures, and approaches to public involvement. Key stakeholders, their values and interests are introduced, the responsibilities and authority of different actors considered, decision-making processes are analyzed as well as the factors influencing different national policy choices. The views and expectations of different communities regarding participatory decision making and compensation and the steps that have been or are being taken to promote dialogue and constructive problem-solving are also considered.​

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Radioactive waste disposal
ISBN : UOM:39015041039739

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Long-term High-level Waste Technology Program by Anonim Pdf