The Unity Of Science In The Arabic Tradition

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The Unity of Science in the Arabic Tradition

Shahid Rahman,Tony Street,Hassan Tahiri
The Unity of Science in the Arabic Tradition Book PDF

Author : Shahid Rahman,Tony Street,Hassan Tahiri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2008-07-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402084058

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The Unity of Science in the Arabic Tradition by Shahid Rahman,Tony Street,Hassan Tahiri Pdf

the demise of the logical positivism programme. The answers given to these qu- tions have deepened the already existing gap between philosophy and the history and practice of science. While the positivists argued for a spontaneous, steady and continuous growth of scientific knowledge the post-positivists make a strong case for a fundamental discontinuity in the development of science which can only be explained by extrascientific factors. The political, social and cultural environment, the argument goes on, determine both the questions and the terms in which they should be answered. Accordingly, the sociological and historical interpretation - volves in fact two kinds of discontinuity which are closely related: the discontinuity of science as such and the discontinuity of the more inclusive political and social context of its development. More precisely it explains the discontinuity of the former by the discontinuity of the latter subordinating in effect the history of science to the wider political and social history. The underlying idea is that each historical and - cial context generates scientific and philosophical questions of its own. From this point of view the question surrounding the nature of knowledge and its development are entirely new topics typical of the twentieth-century social context reflecting both the level and the scale of the development of science.

History and Theory of Knowledge Production

Rajan Gurukkal
History and Theory of Knowledge Production Book PDF

Author : Rajan Gurukkal
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199095803

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History and Theory of Knowledge Production by Rajan Gurukkal Pdf

Who decides what should be recognized as knowledge? What forces engender knowledge? How do certain forms of it acquire precedence over the rest, and why? Exploring these fundamental questions, this book provides an introductory outline of the vast history of knowledge systems under the broad categories of European and non-European, specifically Indian. It not only traces ontology and epistemology in spatio-temporal terms, but also contextualizes methodological development by comparing Indian and European systems of knowledge and their methods of production as well as techniques ensuring reliability. Knowledge cannot have a history of its own, independent of social history. Therefore, using a vast array of sources, including Greek, Prakrit, Chinese, and Arab texts, the book situates the history of knowledge production within the matrix of multiple socio-economic and politico-cultural systems. Further, the volume also analyses the process of the rise of science and new science and reviews speculative thoughts about the dynamics of the subatomic micro-universe as well as the mechanics of the galactic macro-universe.

Islamic Thought in the Dialogue of Cultures

Hans Daiber
Islamic Thought in the Dialogue of Cultures Book PDF

Author : Hans Daiber
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-08-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004232044

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Islamic Thought in the Dialogue of Cultures by Hans Daiber Pdf

Islamic thought is the most beautiful result of a multicultural dialogue. Islamic culture became a bridge between antiquity, Iranian scholars, Syriac and Arabic Christians and the Latin Middle Ages. Its richness of ideas, its plurality of values can contribute to the requirements of modern plurality. The monograph aims at a historical and bibliographical survey of the qurʾānic and rational world-view of early Islam, of the period of translations from Greek into Syriac and Arabic, and of the impact of Islamic thought on the Latin Middle Ages. Critical reflexions of Muslim scholars stimulated new scientific ideas and make us aware of the contribution of Islam to humanity.

New Perspectives on Mathematical Practices

Bart Van Kerkhove
New Perspectives on Mathematical Practices Book PDF

Author : Bart Van Kerkhove
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789812812230

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New Perspectives on Mathematical Practices by Bart Van Kerkhove Pdf

This volume focuses on the importance of historical enquiry for the appreciation of philosophical problems concerning mathematics. It contains a well-balanced mixture of contributions by internationally established experts, such as Jeremy Gray and Jens Hoyrup; upcoming scholars, such as Erich Reck and Dirk Schlimm; and young, promising researchers at the beginning of their careers. The book is situated within a relatively new and broadly naturalistic tradition in the philosophy of mathematics. In this alternative philosophical current, which has been dramatically growing in importance in the last few decades, unlike in the traditional schools, proper attention is paid to scientific practices as informing for philosophical accounts.

Necessary Existence and the Doctrine of Being in Avicenna’s Metaphysics of the Healing

Daniel D. De Haan
Necessary Existence and the Doctrine of Being in Avicenna s Metaphysics of the Healing Book PDF

Author : Daniel D. De Haan
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004434523

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Necessary Existence and the Doctrine of Being in Avicenna’s Metaphysics of the Healing by Daniel D. De Haan Pdf

In Necessary Existence and the Doctrine of Being in Avicenna’s Metaphysics of the Healing Daniel De Haan examines the primary notions being, thing, one, and necessary and their roles in the central argument of Avicenna’s metaphysical masterpiece.

Classical Islamic Philosophy

Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
Classical Islamic Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781315389264

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Classical Islamic Philosophy by Luis Xavier López-Farjeat Pdf

This thematic introduction to classical Islamic philosophy focuses on the most prevalent philosophical debates of the medieval Islamic world and their importance within the history of philosophy. Approaching the topics in a comprehensive and accessible way in this new volume, Luis Xavier Lopez-Farjeat, one of the co-editors of The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy, makes classical Islamic philosophy approachable for both the new and returning student of the history of philosophy, medieval philosophy, the history of ideas, classical Islamic intellectual history, and the history of religion. Providing readers with a complete view of the most hotly contested debates in the Islamic philosophical tradition, Lopez-Farjeat discusses the development of theology (kalām) and philosophy ( falsafa) during the ʿAbbāsid period, including the translation of Aristotle into Arabic, the philosophy and theology of Islamic revelation, logic and philosophy of language, philosophy of natural science, metaphysics, psychology and cognition, and ethics and political philosophy. This volume serves as an indispensable tool for teachers, students, and independent learners aiming to discover the philosophical problems and ideas that defined the classical Islamic world. Key Features • Offers readers a broad, thorough view of the history of Islamic philosophy by using a thematic approach. • Traces the dialogues between philosophers and theologians about important and controversial topics. • Offers both historical descriptions of the key debates in classical Islamic philosophy and current interpretations by contemporary scholars. • Includes extensive lists for further reading at the end of each chapter, directing curious students to the best avenues for further research.

Aristotle and the Arabic Tradition

Ahmed Alwishah,Josh Hayes
Aristotle and the Arabic Tradition Book PDF

Author : Ahmed Alwishah,Josh Hayes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015-09-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107101739

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Aristotle and the Arabic Tradition by Ahmed Alwishah,Josh Hayes Pdf

Examines Aristotle's vast influence upon the medieval Arabic philosophical tradition and includes contributions from every discipline within his corpus.

Arabic Logic from al-Fārābī to Averroes

Saloua Chatti
Arabic Logic from al F r b to Averroes Book PDF

Author : Saloua Chatti
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-27
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783030274665

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Arabic Logic from al-Fārābī to Averroes by Saloua Chatti Pdf

This monograph explores the logical systems of early logicians in the Arabic tradition from a theoretical perspective, providing a complete panorama of early Arabic logic and centering it within an expansive historical context. By thoroughly examining the writings of the first Arabic logicians, al-Fārābī, Avicenna and Averroes, the author analyzes their respective theories, discusses their relationship to the syllogistics of Aristotle and his followers, and measures their influence on later logical systems. Beginning with an introduction to the writings of the most prominent Arabic logicians, the author scrutinizes these works to determine their categorical logic, as well as their modal and hypothetical logics. Where most other studies written on this subject focus on the Arabic logicians’ epistemology, metaphysics, and theology, this volume takes a unique approach by focusing on the actual technical aspects and features of their logics. The author then moves on to examine the original texts as closely as possible and employs the symbolism of modern propositional, predicate, and modal logics, rendering the arguments of each logician clearly and precisely while clarifying the theories themselves in order to determine the differences between the Arabic logicians’ systems and those of Aristotle. By providing a detailed examination of theories that are still not very well-known in Western countries, the author is able to assess the improvements that can be found in the Arabic writings, and to situate Arabic logic within the breadth of the history of logic. This unique study will appeal mainly to historians of logic, logicians, and philosophers who seek a better understanding of the Arabic tradition. It also will be of interest to modern logicians who wish to delve into the historical aspects and progression of their discipline. Furthermore, this book will serve as a valuable resource for graduate students who wish to complement their general knowledge of Arabic culture, logic, and sciences.

Empiricisms

Barry Allen
Empiricisms Book PDF

Author : Barry Allen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780197508954

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Empiricisms by Barry Allen Pdf

In this sweeping volume of comparative philosophy and intellectual history, Barry Allen reassesses the values of experience and experiment in European and world traditions. His work traces the history of empirical philosophy from its birth in Greek medicine to its emergence as a philosophy of modern science. He surveys medical empiricism, Aristotlean and Epicurean empiricism, the empiricism of Gassendi and Locke, logical empiricism, radical empiricism, transcendental empiricism, and varieties of anti-empiricism from Parmenides to Wilfrid Sellars. Throughout this extensive intellectual history, Allen builds an argument in three parts. A richly detailed account of history's empiricisms in Part One establishes a context in Part Two for reconsidering the work of the radical empiricists--William James, Henri Bergson, John Dewey, and Gilles Deleuze, each treated in a dedicated chapter. What is "radical" about them is their effort to return empiricism from epistemology to the ontology and natural philosophy where it began. In Part Three, Allen sets empirical philosophy in conversation with Chinese tradition, considering technological, scientific, medical, and alchemical sources, as well as selected Confucian, Daoist, and Mohist classics. The work shows how philosophical reflection on experience and a profound experimental practice coexist in traditional China with no interaction or even awareness of each other, slipping over each other instead of intertwining as they did in European history, a difference Allen attributes to a different understanding of the value of knowledge. Allen's book recovers empiricism's neglected, multi-textured contexts, and elucidates the enduring value of experience, to arrive at an idea of what is living and dead in philosophical empiricism.

Language between God and the Poets

Alexander Key
Language between God and the Poets Book PDF

Author : Alexander Key
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780520970144

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Language between God and the Poets by Alexander Key Pdf

A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press’s Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. In the Arabic eleventh-century, scholars were intensely preoccupied with the way that language generated truth and beauty. Their work in poetics, logic, theology, and lexicography defined the intellectual space between God and the poets. In Language Between God and the Poets, Alexander Key argues that ar-Raghib al-Isfahani, Ibn Furak, Ibn Sina (Avicenna), and Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani shared a conceptual vocabulary based on the words ma‘na and haqiqah. They used this vocabulary to build theories of language, mind, and reality that answered perennial questions: how to structure language and reference, how to describe God, how to construct logical arguments, and how to explain poetic affect.

Inferences by Parallel Reasoning in Islamic Jurisprudence

Shahid Rahman,Muhammad Iqbal,Youcef Soufi
Inferences by Parallel Reasoning in Islamic Jurisprudence Book PDF

Author : Shahid Rahman,Muhammad Iqbal,Youcef Soufi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-01-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030223823

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Inferences by Parallel Reasoning in Islamic Jurisprudence by Shahid Rahman,Muhammad Iqbal,Youcef Soufi Pdf

This monograph proposes a new (dialogical) way of studying the different forms of correlational inference, known in the Islamic jurisprudence as qiyās. According to the authors’ view, qiyās represents an innovative and sophisticated form of dialectical reasoning that not only provides new epistemological insights into legal argumentation in general (including legal reasoning in Common and Civil Law) but also furnishes a fine-grained pattern for parallel reasoning which can be deployed in a wide range of problem-solving contexts and does not seem to reduce to the standard forms of analogical reasoning studied in contemporary philosophy of science and argumentation theory. After an overview of the emergence of qiyās and of the work of al-Shīrāzī penned by Soufi Youcef, the authors discuss al-Shīrāzī’s classification of correlational inferences of the occasioning factor (qiyās al-'illa). The second part of the volume deliberates on the system of correlational inferences by indication and resemblance (qiyās al-dalāla, qiyās al-shabah). The third part develops the main theoretical background of the authors’ work, namely, the dialogical approach to Martin-Löf's Constructive Type Theory. The authors present this in a general form and independently of adaptations deployed in parts I and II. Part III also includes an appendix on the relevant notions of Constructive Type Theory, which has been extracted from an overview written by Ansten Klev. The book concludes with some brief remarks on contemporary approaches to analogy in Common and Civil Law and also to parallel reasoning in general.

Method, Structure, and Development in al-Fārābī’s Cosmology

Damien Janos
Method Structure and Development in al F r b s Cosmology Book PDF

Author : Damien Janos
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-03-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004217324

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Method, Structure, and Development in al-Fārābī’s Cosmology by Damien Janos Pdf

This study—the first monograph devoted exclusively to al-Fārābī’s cosmology—provides a new interpretation of this thinker’s philosophical development through an analysis of the Greek and Arabic sources and a contextualization of his life and thought in the cultural and intellectual milieu of his time. It discusses key cosmological and metaphysical concepts articulated in his works, with a special focus on celestial causation, intellection, and motion. This book also examines al-Fārābī’s cosmological method and particularly the connection between astronomy, physics, and metaphysics. The result is a reassessment of al-Fārābī’s cosmology vis-à-vis late-antique Greek philosophical trends and a clearer understanding of how it creatively adapted and transformed this legacy to establish a new cosmological paradigm in Arabic thought.

Philosophy in the Islamic World

Ulrich Rudolph,Peter Adamson
Philosophy in the Islamic World Book PDF

Author : Ulrich Rudolph,Peter Adamson
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 708 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004685741

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Philosophy in the Islamic World by Ulrich Rudolph,Peter Adamson Pdf

Philosophy in the Islamic World is a comprehensive and unprecedented four-volume reference work devoted to the history of philosophy in the realms of Islam, from its beginnings in the eighth century AD down to modern times. In the period covered by this second volume (eleventh and twelfth centuries). Both major and minor figures of the period are covered, giving details of biography and doctrine, as well as detailed lists and summaries of each author’s works. This is the English version of the relevant volume of the Ueberweg, the most authoritative German reference work on the history of philosophy ( Philosophie in der Islamischen Welt Band II: 11.–12. Jahrhundert. Zentrale und östliche Gebiete , Basel: Schwabe, 2021). Contributors Peter Adamson, Amos Bertolacci, Hans Daiber, Frank Griffel, Dimitri Gutas, Hermann Landolt, Wilferd Madelung, Jon McGinnis, Ahmed H. al-Rahim, David C. Reisman, Ulrich Rudolph, Tony Street, Johannes Thomann, and Renate Würsch.

On Aristotle's "Metaphysics"

Averroes
On Aristotle s Metaphysics Book PDF

Author : Averroes
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2010-03-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110220025

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On Aristotle's "Metaphysics" by Averroes Pdf

This book contains the first English translation of Abūl-Walīd Ibn Rushd's (Averroes') so-called Epitome of Aristotle's Metaphysics . The original Arabic text was composed around 1160 as a sort of appendix to a series of compendia of Aristotle's works on natural philosophy by the famous Andalusian philosopher. The two most interesting things about this work are the fact that Averroes restructures here the Aristotelian text according to his own conception of metaphysics, as opposed to his great literal commentary which follows the order of the Metaphysics section by section, and that he constantly revised this work over more than three decades. The present translation is based on a wide range of documents including, apart from the available Arabic editions, a number of medieval Arabic manuscripts not taken into consideration in these editions as well as the Renaissance translation into Latin prepared by Jacob Mantinus. It is accompanied by a commentary dealing with the major philosophical topics, Averroes' sources and problems of the transmission and constitution of the text. In addition, the most important variant readings of the manuscripts are noted in footnotes underneath the translation.

Avicenna's Theory of Science

Riccardo Strobino
Avicenna s Theory of Science Book PDF

Author : Riccardo Strobino
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-02
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9780520297470

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Avicenna's Theory of Science by Riccardo Strobino Pdf

Avicenna is the most influential figure in the intellectual history of the Islamic world. This book is the first comprehensive study of his theory of science, which profoundly shaped his philosophical method and indirectly influenced philosophers and theologians not only in the Islamic world but also throughout Christian Europe and the medieval Jewish tradition. A sophisticated interpreter of Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics, Avicenna took on the ambitious task of reorganizing Aristotelian philosophy of science into an applicable model of scientific reasoning, striving to identify conditions of certainty for scientific assertions and conditions of adequacy for real definitions. Riccardo Strobino combines philosophical and textual analysis to explore the scope and nature of Avicenna’s contributions to the logic of scientific reasoning in his effort to recalibrate Aristotle’s model and overcome some of its internal limitations. Focusing on a broad array of philosophical innovations at the intersection of logic, metaphysics, and epistemology, this book casts light on an essential aspect of the thought of the preeminent philosopher and physician of the Islamic world.