Thermal Degradation Of Polymeric Materials

Author : Krzysztof Pielichowski,James Njuguna,Tomasz M. Majka
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2022-11-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128231425

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Thermal Degradation of Polymeric Materials by Krzysztof Pielichowski,James Njuguna,Tomasz M. Majka Pdf

Thermal Degradation of Polymeric Materials, Second Edition offers a wealth of information for polymer researchers and processors who require a thorough understanding of the implications of thermal degradation on materials and product performance. Sections cover thermal degradation mechanisms and kinetics, as well as various techniques, such as thermogravimetry in combination with mass spectroscopy and infrared spectrometry to investigate thermal decomposition routes. Other chapters focus on polymers and copolymers, including polyolefins, styrene polymers, polyvinyl chloride, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyacrylates, natural polymers, inorganic polymers, high temperature-resistant and conducting polymers, blends, organic-inorganic hybrid materials, nanocomposites, and biocomposites. Finally, other key considerations such as recycling of polymers by thermal degradation, thermal degradation during processing, and modelling, are discussed in detail. Explains mechanisms of polymer degradation, making it possible to understand and predict material behavior at elevated temperatures Offers systematic coverage of each polymer group that is supported by data detailed explanations and critical analysis Investigates thermal decomposition routes in new materials, such as organic-inorganic hybrid materials and polymer nanocomposites

Author : Norman Grassie,Gerald Scott
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1988-04-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521357977

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Polymer Degradation and Stabilisation by Norman Grassie,Gerald Scott Pdf

The study of polymer degradation and stabilisation is of considerable practical importance as the industrial uses of polymeric materials continue to expand. In this book, the authors lucidly relate technological phenomena to the chemistry and physics of degradation and stabilisation processes. Degradation embraces a variety of technologically important phenomena ranging from relatively low temperature processes such as 'weathering' of plastics, 'fatigue' of rubbers through the processing of polymers in shearing mixers to very high temperature processes such as flammability and ablation. All these technological phenomena have in common certain basic chemical reactions. Thus 'weathering' has its roots in photo-oxidation, 'fatigue' and melt-degradation in mechano-oxidation and flammability, and ablation in ablation in pyrolysis and vapour phase oxidation.

Author : Edith Turi
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 987 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323141888

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Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials by Edith Turi Pdf

Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials is a critical review and a concise evaluation of the application of thermal analysis in polymer science and engineering. This book is divided into nine chapters that specifically tackle the instrumentation, theory, and a wide variety of applications of thermal characterization. The introductory chapters provide an overview of all aspects of thermal analytical methods and apparatus and the theory underlying the basic principles of thermal analysis. These chapters also examine the theories and functions of state for thermometry, dilatometry, thermomechanical analysis, calorimetry, thermogravimetry. These topics are followed by a discussion on single-component and multicomponent systems and their phase transitions, as influenced by concentration, pressure, deformation, molecular weight, and copolymerization. The subsequent chapters explore the influence of important chemical and physical parameters on the glass transition, crystallization, and melting of thermoplastic materials. The discussion then shifts to the theoretical aspects of polymer-polymer compatibility, phase separation, and miscibility in mixed polymer systems. This book further considers the thermal analysis in thermosets, elastomers, and fibers. The concluding chapters present the methods of obtaining information on the relative flammability properties of polymers, for screening fire retardant additives, and for studying the mechanism of flame inhibition. These chapters also look into the thermal analysis of antioxidants, stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, and fire retardants. Polymer scientists and researchers will find this book invaluable.

Author : P. M. Visakh,Yoshihiko Arao
Publisher : Springer
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2015-03-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319034645

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Thermal Degradation of Polymer Blends, Composites and Nanocomposites by P. M. Visakh,Yoshihiko Arao Pdf

This book delivers a deep insight into thermal polymer degradation features and put a particular emphasis on blends, composites and nanocomposites. It examines the thermal stability and the mechanism of degrading for every class of polymer substances and studies the effect on reinforcement to all classes. The book further explores the thermal stability when nano particles are added and summarizes the latest studies and application relevant results. This book offers a valuable reference source to graduate and post graduate students, engineering students, research scholars and polymer engineers from industry.

Author : W. L. Hawkins
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642693762

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Polymer Degradation and Stabilization by W. L. Hawkins Pdf

The development of polymers as an important class of material was inhibited at the first by the premature failure of these versatile compounds in many applications. The deterioration of important properties of both natural and synthetic polymers is the result of irreversible changes in composition and structure of polymers molecules. As a result of these reactions, mechanical, electrical and/or aesthetic properties are degraded beyond acceptable limits. It is now generally recognized that stabilization against degradation is necessary if the useful life of polymers is to be extended sufficiently to meet design requirements for long-term applications. Polymers degrade by a wide variety of mechanisms, several of which affect all polymers through to varying degree. This monograph will concentrate on those degradation mechanisms which result from reactions of polymers with oxygen in its various forms and which are accelerated by heat and/or radiation. Those stabilization mechanisms are discussed which are based on an understanding of degradation reaction mechanisms that are reasonably well established. The stabilization of polymers is still undergoing a transition from an art to a science as mechanisms of degradation become more fully developed. A scientific approach to stabilization can only be approached when there is an understanding of the reactions that lead to degradation. Stabilization against biodegradation and burning will not be discussed since there is not a clear understanding of how polymers degrade under these conditions.

Author : Atul Tiwari,Baldev Raj
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-07-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119117704

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Reactions and Mechanisms in Thermal Analysis of Advanced Materials by Atul Tiwari,Baldev Raj Pdf

Strong bonds form stronger materials. For this reason, the investigation on thermal degradation of materials is a significantly important area in research and development activities. The analysis of thermal stability can be used to assess the behavior of materials in the aggressive environmental conditions, which in turn provides valuable information about the service life span of the materiel. Unlike other books published so far that have focused on either the fundamentals of thermal analysis or the degradation pattern of the materials, this book is specifically on the mechanism of degradation of materials. The mechanism of rapturing of chemical bonds as a result of exposure to high-temperature environment is difficult to study and resulting mechanistic pathway hard to establish. Limited information is available on this subject in the published literatures and difficult to excavate. Chapters in this book are contributed by the experts working on thermal degradation and analysis of the wide variety of advanced and traditional materials. Each chapter discusses the material, its possible application, behavior of chemical entities when exposed to high-temperature environment and mode and the mechanistic route of its decomposition. Such information is crucial while selecting the chemical ingredients during the synthesis or development of new materials technology.

Author : Hans Zweifel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642803055

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Stabilization of Polymeric Materials by Hans Zweifel Pdf

Plastics are used worldwide in everyday life, e.g. as food packaging, electronics, construction, automotive parts, and household appliances. To produce these products with the desired service lifetimes the use of suitable stabilizers is necessary. This book provides a concise and comprehensive overview of the basic mechanisms of plastic degradation processes caused by heat and light. At its core is a detailed description of the stabilization of different polymers, including an explanation of stabilization mechanisms and the influence of commonly used additives such as fillers, flame retardents and pigments on the stability of plastic. Every polymer scientist, material technologist, or application engineer dealing with the design of the properties of plastics will benefit from this new overview.

Author : T. R Crompton
Publisher : Smithers Rapra
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781847355157

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Thermal Stability of Polymers by T. R Crompton Pdf

In recent years numerous research papers have been published on the changes in chemical structure and in physical properties of polymers when they are exposed to heat over a range of temperatures. For example, these changes can occur at any time during the injection moulding of the plastic, in the subsequent processing and in its end-use application when exposed to elevated temperatures. Thermal stability is a very important parameter which must be taken into account when selecting polymers whether for their use as constructional or engineering applications or in the packaging of food at high temperatures. The mechanisms by which such changes occur are many and it is important to know what these are and to be able to measure the rate of change of polymer structure and its dependence on temperature and time. Development of an understanding of the mechanisms of thermal degradation will help the chemist to develop materials with better thermal stability. This is particularly important in newer developments in engineering and aerospace. This book reviews in nine chapters the measurement of these properties in the main types of polymers in use today. Numerous techniques are discussed ranging from thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance based methods to pyrolytic techniques such as those based on pyrolysis, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The book is aimed at those engaged in the manufacture of polymers and the development of end-use applications. It is essential that students of polymer science should have a thorough understanding of polymer stability and an additional aim of the book is to help in the development of such an interest.

Author : James E. Mark
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015033148779

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Physical Properties of Polymers by James E. Mark Pdf

The contents have been divided into sections on physical states of polymers and characterization techniques. Chapters on physical states include discussions of the rubber elastic state, the glassy state, melts and concentrated solutions, the crystalline state, and the mesomorphic state. Characterization techniques described are molecular spectroscopy and scattering techniques.

Author : Gustav Marthinus Snyman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Polymers
ISBN : PSU:000061788800

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The Degradation of Polymeric Materials by Gustav Marthinus Snyman Pdf

Author : Arthur F. Grand,Charles A. Wilkie
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2000-04-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1420027093

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Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials by Arthur F. Grand,Charles A. Wilkie Pdf

This volume addresses the state of the art in fire retardancy studies and the need for fire retardant chemicals and fire-retarded polymers, while considering the interrelationship among polymer degradation, fire retardant efficacy, fire testing and environmental concerns. The work examines the principles of polymer science with respect to fire retardancy.

Author : Krzysztof Pielichowski,Kinga Pielichowska
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 878 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783527828708

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Thermal Analysis of Polymeric Materials by Krzysztof Pielichowski,Kinga Pielichowska Pdf

An all-in-one reference work covering the essential principles and techniques on thermal behavior and response of polymeric materials This book delivers a detailed understanding of the thermal behavior of polymeric materials evaluated by thermal analysis methods. It covers the most widely applied principles which are used in method development to substantiate what happens upon heating of polymers. It also reviews the key application areas of polymers in materials science. Edited by two experts in the field, the book covers a wide range of specific topics within the aforementioned categories of discussion, such as: Crucial thermal phenomena - glass transition, crystallization behavior and curing kinetics Polymeric materials that have gained considerable interest over the last decade The latest advancements in techniques related to the field, such as modulated temperature DSC and fast scanning calorimetry The recent advances in hyphenated techniques and their applications Polymer chemists, chemical engineers, materials scientists, and process engineers can use this comprehensive reference work to gain clarity on the topics discussed within and learn how to harness them in practical applications across a wide range of disciplines.

Author : A. P. Mouritz,A. G. Gibson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2007-01-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402053566

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Fire Properties of Polymer Composite Materials by A. P. Mouritz,A. G. Gibson Pdf

This book is the first to deal with the important topic of the fire behaviour of fibre reinforced polymer composite materials. The book covers all of the key issues on the behaviour of composites in a fire. Also covered are fire protection materials for composites, fire properties of nanocomposites, fire safety regulations and standards, fire test methods, and health hazards from burning composites.

Author : S. Halim Hamid,Mohamed B. Amin,Ali G. Maadhah
Publisher : Marcel Dekker
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015029155291

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Handbook of Polymer Degradation by S. Halim Hamid,Mohamed B. Amin,Ali G. Maadhah Pdf

This useful reference provides up-to-date coverage, from both the engineering and scientific viewpoints, of the most recent findings in the expanding field of polymer degradation and stabilization - including areas in which polymers have only recently been used and detailed information has not previously been available. as advanced material for more in-depth study, Handbook of Polymer Degradation: introduces new data on the effects of increased UV radiation on polymers and discusses how to decrease those effects; considers artificially accelerated weathering and its relationship with natural weather; examines weathering degradation of polyethylene with the relevant experimental results; emphasizes the environmental aspects and waste management of polymers; and combines insights on the environmental toxicology of plastics with a survey of current legislative issues. different parts of the world, Handbook of Polymer Degradation is an essential reference for chemical, polymer, environmental, pollution control, mechanical, and materials scientists and engineers; chemists; environmental regulators and policy makers; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

Author : Valentina Marturano,Veronica Ambrogi,Pierfrancesco Cerruti
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783110590692

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Sustainability of Polymeric Materials by Valentina Marturano,Veronica Ambrogi,Pierfrancesco Cerruti Pdf

This book will provide a comprehensive overview on the green approach to the research and industrialization of plastic materials. An effort will be made to offer to the reader a critical perspective concerning both oil-based plastics and novel bio-based and waste-derived polymer formulations. A special focus on bio-innovation in the area of organic materials will also be delivered.