Trade And Specialization

Author : Arnold Kling
Publisher : Cato Institute
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-06-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781944424169

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Specialization and Trade by Arnold Kling Pdf

Since the end of the second World War, economics professors and classroom textbooks have been telling us that the economy is one big machine that can be effectively regulated by economic experts and tuned by government agencies like the Federal Reserve Board. It turns out they were wrong. Their equations do not hold up. Their policies have not produced the promised results. Their interpretations of economic events -- as reported by the media -- are often of-the-mark, and unconvincing. A key alternative to the one big machine mindset is to recognize how the economy is instead an evolutionary system, with constantly-changing patterns of specialization and trade. This book introduces you to this powerful approach for understanding economic performance. By putting specialization at the center of economic analysis, Arnold Kling provides you with new ways to think about issues like sustainability, financial instability, job creation, and inflation. In short, he removes stiff, narrow perspectives and instead provides a full, multi-dimensional perspective on a continually evolving system.

Author : Ronald Findlay
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015035097339

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Trade and Specialization by Ronald Findlay Pdf

Author : Kenneth J. Arrow,Yew-Kwang Ng,Xiaokai Yang
Publisher : Springer
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1998-04-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349262557

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Increasing Returns and Economic Analysis by Kenneth J. Arrow,Yew-Kwang Ng,Xiaokai Yang Pdf

Selected papers from many leading Australian, American, Asian, British and European economists of an international conference at Monash University sparked by the first Australian visit by Kenneth J. Arrow, Nobel Laureate in Economics. Part 1 extends the recently emerged New Classical Economics which uses inframarginal analysis to formally examine classical economic problems of specialization with insights on trade, growth, and many other issues. Part 2 analyses the implications of increasing returns and the associated non-perfect competition on some macro problems like the effects of nominal aggregate demand on output and the price level. Part 3 analyses the relationships of information, returns to scale, and issues of resources and trade.

Author : Crespo, Nuno,Simoes, Nadia
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781799875697

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Handbook of Research on the Empirical Aspects of Strategic Trade Negotiations and Management by Crespo, Nuno,Simoes, Nadia Pdf

International trade is a key dimension of the world economy, it is a critical factor in raising living standards, increasing employment, and providing a larger variety of goods to consumers around the world. Despite the strong focus that international trade research has received in theoretical terms, the empirical aspects of trade are less clear and justify further research. In this context, it is essential for studies to focus on shedding light on the most important methods used to evaluate the multiple dimensions of trade within this international context. Trade has a myriad of direct and indirect effects, therefore touching several fields of research, including economics, management, finance, international relations, political science, and sociology, which makes it essential to explore. The Handbook of Research on the Empirical Aspects of Strategic Trade Negotiations and Management provides a systematic overview of the latest trends in the empirical analysis of trade from international perspectives. It provides a survey on the methods used to evaluate a specific topic in international trade, enhance knowledge about the multiple facets of international trade around the world, and grant in-depth surveys of previous empirical findings on specific topics in international trade. Important topics covered within this book include trade diversification, regional centrality, ethical pricing, globalization, cultural impacts, and open economies. This book is a valuable reference tool for government officials, policy makers, managers, executives, economists, practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011-10-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264113084

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Globalisation, Comparative Advantage and the Changing Dynamics of Trade by OECD Pdf

This book collects OECD work that builds on recent contributions to the theory and empirics of comparative advantage, putting particular emphasis on the role policy can play in shaping trade.

Author : Wang Wei
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780857094476

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Vertical Specialization and Trade Surplus in China by Wang Wei Pdf

The traditional flow of goods from primary production through to manufacturing and consumption has expanded across international borders conterminously with globalization. Vertical specialization (VS) in processing and manufacturing in China has driven export growth. In particular, intra-industry and intra-product trade between China, the US and East Asia has increased China’s trade surplus over the long term. Vertical Specialization and Trade Surplus in China aims to measure the level of VS in the Chinese manufacturing industry to provide a more accurate representation of China’s trade surplus, and gives empirical analysis on provinces and products with important VS activities in order to assess China’s trade value-added. Exploring the vertical division of labour, and foreign direct investment (FDI) driving China’s import and export imbalance, the book is divided into eight chapters, each covering an aspect of VS in China. The first chapter outlines the aims and method of the study. Chapter two covers VS trade pattern and trade surplus. Chapter three looks at FDI and the import and export imbalance, and chapter four covers the relationship between VS and import and export of foreign invested enterprises. The fifth chapter considers the causes and prospects for growth in China-US and China-Japan trade. Chapters six and seven give an empirical analysis of VS and trade surplus, and a breakdown of VS per industry in China’s provinces. Finally, chapter eight considers rebalancing imports and exports in China. Measures VS across China including the developed provinces based on the newest input-output table Presents the main provinces and products closely related to VS Gives evidence on global VS trade patterns from China’s national data

Author : Pier Carlo Padoan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Diffusion of innovations
ISBN : UCSD:31822023731367

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Trade and the Accumulation and Diffusion of Knowledge by Pier Carlo Padoan Pdf

Author : Patrick Low,Gloria O Pasadilla
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 784 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789813141476

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Services in Global Value Chains by Patrick Low,Gloria O Pasadilla Pdf

This compilation of 22 firm-specific case studies is an important contribution to the discussion of 'servicification' trends in manufacturing. 'Services have increased in importance and value in many manufacturing value chains, making companies that produce physical products look more like service enterprises. What services do global value chains use in their operations, how important are they and how do economic policies shape firms' configurations, operations, and location of global value chains? This book addresses these questions and more. The interviewed firms, based in 12 APEC economies, come from different sectors ranging from multinational automotive, construction equipment, and electrical appliance manufacturers to small and medium manufacturers of watches or chemical for water treatment. The book analyses what specific services are important in different stages of the value chain, and whether they are typically provided in-house or outsourced. Contents:Manufacturing-Related Services (Patrick Low and Gloria O Pasadilla)Manufacturing of Aircraft Control Systems in the Philippines (Andre Wirjo and Gloria O Pasadilla)Industrial Welding Services in Thailand (William Haines)Manufacturing of Mining and Construction Equipment (David Sit and Patrick Low)Manufacturing of Computer Servers (Yuhua Zhang)Wastewater Treatment Services (Arian Hassani and Andre Wirjo)Manufacturing of Automotive Components in the ASEAN Region (Denise Cheung)Manufacturing of Oil and Gas Industry Equipment in Singapore (Andre Wirjo and Gloria O Pasadilla)Car Manufacturing in the Philippines (Sherry Stephenson)Manufacturing of Thermal Power Generation Equipment (Gloria O Pasadilla)Production of Precision Die and Machine Parts in Thailand (Denise Cheung and Andre Wirjo)Manufacturing of Refrigerators (David Sit)Watch Manufacturing (Deborah Elms)Manufacturing of Automotive Components in Mexico: Perspectives from Three Firms (Andre Wirjo, Gloria O Pasadilla and Joel G Bassig)Manufacturing of Telecommunications Equipment (Huani Zhu and Gloria O Pasadilla)Manufacturing of Printed Circuit Boards in Canada (Ben Shepherd)Wine Industry in Chile (Karina Fernandez-Stark and Penny Bamber)Integrated Logistics Solutions Provider in Mexico (Andre Wirjo and Gloria O Pasadilla)Remanufacturing Services in the Construction Machinery Value Chain (Katherine Tait and Gary Gereffi)Manufacturing of Consumer Electronic Appliances in Indonesia (Emmanuel A San Andres)Fresh Cherry Industry in Chile (Penny Bamber and Karina Fernandez-Stark) Readership: Researchers, students and academics who are interested in international trade; trade economists; policymakers and general public who are interested in manufacturing related topics.

Author : Adam Smith
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1822
Category : Economics
ISBN : UCAL:$B87540

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An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith Pdf

Author : Arnold S. Kling
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-07
Category : Economic specialization
ISBN : 1944424172

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Specialization and Trade by Arnold S. Kling Pdf

Author : Arnold S. Kling
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016-06-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1944424156

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Specialization and Trade by Arnold S. Kling Pdf

Since the end of the second World War, economics professors and classroom textbooks have been telling us that the economy is one big machine that can be effectively regulated by economic experts and tuned by government agencies like the Federal Reserve Board. It turns out they were wrong. Their equations do not hold up. Their policies have not produced the promised results. Their interpretations of economic events -- as reported by the media -- are often of-the-mark, and unconvincing. A key alternative to the one big machine mindset is to recognize how the economy is instead an evolutionary system, with constantly-changing patterns of specialization and trade. This book introduces you to this powerful approach for understanding economic performance. By putting specialization at the center of economic analysis, Arnold Kling provides you with new ways to think about issues like sustainability, financial instability, job creation, and inflation. In short, he removes stiff, narrow perspectives and instead provides a full, multi-dimensional perspective on a continually evolving system.

Author : Catherine L. Mann
Publisher : Peterson Institute
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0881322644

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Is the U.S. Trade Deficit Sustainable? by Catherine L. Mann Pdf

The global financial crisis of 1997-98 and the widening US trade deficit have precipitated fresh inquiry into a set of perennial questions about global integration and the US economy. How has global integration affected US producers and workers, and overall growth and inflation? Is a chronic and widening deficit sustainable, or will the dollar crash, perhaps taking the economy with it? If the problem was one of "twin deficits," as many thought, why has the trade deficit continued to grow even as the budget deficit narrowed to zero? If US companies are so competitive, why does the trade deficit persist? Is the trade deficit a result of protectionism abroad? Will it lead to protectionism at home? What role do international capital markets have? Each chapter presents relevant data and a simple analytical framework as the basis for concise discussions of these major issues. The final section of the book provides an outlook for the deficit and suggests alternative policy courses for dealing with it. This book is designed for policymakers and others who are interested in the US role in the world economy. It is also suitable for courses in international economics, business, and international affairs.

Author : Elhanan Helpman,Assaf Razin
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262081997

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International Trade and Trade Policy by Elhanan Helpman,Assaf Razin Pdf

Centering on questions of the potential optimality of some trade protection, these original contributions present research at the frontier of international trade and trade policy. They expand and test the new trade theory that has developed during the last decade, incorporating elements of industrial organization and political economy into the study of trade structure and the formation of trade policy. Essays in the first two parts take up trade policy, addressing issues such as the formation of trading blocks, strategic trade policy, the political economy of protection, growth-oriented trade policies, and including empirical studies of the welfare effects of quality - upgrading voluntary export restrictions and import quotas. Essays in the third part discuss various structural issues such as trade in services, intersectoral adjustments, and the advantage of early entry. Elhanan Helpman and Assaf Razin are Professors of Economics at Tel Aviv University and NBER Research Associates. Contents: Trade Policy: Theory. Is Bilateralism Bad? Paul R. Krugman. Strategic Trade Policy and Direct Foreign Investment: When Are Tariffs and Quotas Equivalent? James A. Levinsohn. Making Altruism Pay in Auction Quotas, Kala Krishna. On the Ineffectiveness of Made-to-Measure Protectionist Programs, Aaron Tornell. Export Subsidies and Price Competition, Peter Neary. Adverse Selection in Credit Markets and Infant Industry Protection, Harry Flam and Robert W. Staiger. Protection, Politics, and Market Structure, Arye L. Hillman. Growth and Welfare in a Small Open Economy, Gene M. Grossman and Elhanan Helpman. Trade Policy: Evidence. Quality Upgrading and Its Welfare Cost in U.S. Imports, 1969-74, Randi Boorstein and Robert C. Feenstra. Counting the Cost of Voluntary Export Restraints in the European Car Market, Alasdair Smith and Anthony J. Venables. Structural Issues. Services in International Trade, Wilfred J. Ethier and Henrik Horn. First-Mover Advantages, Blockaded Entry, and the Economics of Uneven Development, James R. Markusen. Wage Sensitivity Rankings and Temporal Convergence, Ronald W. Jones and Peter Neary.

Author : Keld Laursen
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105025028213

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Trade Specialisation, Technology and Economic Growth by Keld Laursen Pdf

Examines the role of international Ricardian specialization in economic development processes. Laursen (Copenhagen Business School) considers whether countries converge or diverge in terms of specialization patterns over time; if the role of technology can explain the direction of national trade specialization; and the implications of international specialization patterns and their changes for economic growth. Appreciative theories, neo-classical theories, post-Keynesian approaches, and evolutionary approaches are discussed in relation to each of the three issues. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR

Author : X. Yang,Y.-K. Ng
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781483296821

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Specialization and Economic Organization by X. Yang,Y.-K. Ng Pdf

As the subtitle indicates, this book presents a new classical microeconomic framework. It develops a new unifying analytical framework that covers topics concerning international trade, development economics, growth theory, transaction costs economics, comparative economics, management economics, urban economics, industrial organization, and macroeconomics. The new classical microeconomic framework is used to bring the analysis of economies of specialization, the division of labor, and the structure of economic organization into the central place of economics.