Traffic Related Air Pollution

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Traffic-Related Air Pollution

Haneen Khreis,Mark Nieuwenhuijsen,Josias Zietsman,Tara Ramani
Traffic Related Air Pollution Book PDF

Author : Haneen Khreis,Mark Nieuwenhuijsen,Josias Zietsman,Tara Ramani
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 650 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-20
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9780128181232

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Traffic-Related Air Pollution by Haneen Khreis,Mark Nieuwenhuijsen,Josias Zietsman,Tara Ramani Pdf

Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP’s public health impacts Examines TRAP’s health effects at the population level Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects

Health Effects of Transport-related Air Pollution

Michal Krzyzanowski,Birgit Kuna-Dibbert,Jürgen Schneider
Health Effects of Transport related Air Pollution Book PDF

Author : Michal Krzyzanowski,Birgit Kuna-Dibbert,Jürgen Schneider
Publisher : WHO Regional Office Europe
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789289013734

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Health Effects of Transport-related Air Pollution by Michal Krzyzanowski,Birgit Kuna-Dibbert,Jürgen Schneider Pdf

Diseases related to the air pollution caused by road transport affect tens of thousands of people in the WHO Europe region each year. This publication considers the policy challenges involved in the need to reduce the related risks to public health and the environment, whilst meeting socio-economic requirements for effective transport systems. It sets out a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive evaluation of the health hazards of transport-related air pollution, including factors determining emissions, the contribution of traffic to pollution levels, human exposure and the results of epidemiological and toxicological studies to identify and measure the health effects, and suggestions for policy actions and further research.

Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Exposure in Urbanized Areas

Bernard Połednik,Sławomira Dumała,Łukasz Guz,Adam Piotrowicz
Traffic Related Air Pollution and Exposure in Urbanized Areas Book PDF

Author : Bernard Połednik,Sławomira Dumała,Łukasz Guz,Adam Piotrowicz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000482423

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Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Exposure in Urbanized Areas by Bernard Połednik,Sławomira Dumała,Łukasz Guz,Adam Piotrowicz Pdf

Traffic-related pollutions, apart from the emissions from other anthropogenic sources, significantly decrease the air quality in cities. This is especially true in the case of the areas located in the vicinity of communication routes with high traffic intensity. In accordance with the epidemiological studies, the transport emissions affecting road users, both drivers and pedestrians, have a detrimental effect on health and may contribute to numerous serious illnesses. This work presents the characteristics of traffic-related pollution and the factors affecting its concentration in the air. The effects of exposure to traffic-related pollution on health are described as well. The transport emissions in Lublin, Poland, are discussed in detail. The results of previous studies on traffic-related environmental pollution are presented, including pollutant concentrations as well as exposures of drivers and pedestrians along one of the busiest roads. The studies account for different seasons and weather conditions. The methods of reducing traffic-related pollution and prospects for improving the urban air quality are described as well. This book is intended for academics, researchers, engineers and professionals involved in studies and assessment of the road transport impact on the environment.

Urban Transportation and Air Pollution

Akula Venkatram,Nico Schulte
Urban Transportation and Air Pollution Book PDF

Author : Akula Venkatram,Nico Schulte
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-06-12
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9780128115077

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Urban Transportation and Air Pollution by Akula Venkatram,Nico Schulte Pdf

Urban Transportation and Air Pollution synthesizes state-of-the-art methods on estimating near-road concentrations of roadway emissions. The book provides the information needed to make estimates using methods based on a minimal set of model inputs that can be applied by a wide range of users in many situations. Discussions include methods to estimate traffic emission under numerous urban driving conditions, the uncertainty of emission models, and the effects of road configurations, such as near-road solid barriers. Final sections present dispersion models that link traffic emissions with near road concentrations in urban environments. Addressing transportation-related environmental issues is extremely important as urban areas are constantly searching for ways to mitigate impacts from transportation sources. This book helps to explain dispersion models, a critical tool for estimating the impact of roadway emissions in cities. Compiles and synthesizes the state-of-the-science methods for estimating roadway emissions Demonstrates, with clear examples, how modeling methods reduce uncertainties in real-world problems Emphasizes how local-scale, semi-empirical, steady-state modeling can be applied using only a small set of inputs Offers an overview of the meteorology that governs air pollution dispersion in cities

Advances in Transportation and Health

Mark Nieuwenhuijsen,Haneen Khreis
Advances in Transportation and Health Book PDF

Author : Mark Nieuwenhuijsen,Haneen Khreis
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-08
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9780128191378

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Advances in Transportation and Health by Mark Nieuwenhuijsen,Haneen Khreis Pdf

Transportation and Health provides state-of-the-art knowledge on the many linkages between transport and health, the available tools needed to estimate and evaluate the health impacts of transport, future technologies, the developments that can change the direction and magnitude of the health impacts, and the policy and education issues that can result in better practice and knowledge translation. The book provides valuable information on how and why to take health into consideration in transport planning and policy, showing how to estimate the impacts of transport on health in planning, policymaking, education and workforce development. Explores the latest advances on the full spectrum of connections between transport and health Offers a "roadmap" on how transport impacts health Includes tools for analyzing and estimating the health impacts of transport Shows what research and practice gaps need attention Includes contributions from leading scholars, practitioners and policymakers

The Cost of Air Pollution

Anonim
The Cost of Air Pollution Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Organization for Economic Co-Operation & Development
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Air
ISBN : 9264210423

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The Cost of Air Pollution by Anonim Pdf

Outdoor air pollution kills more than 3 million people across the world every year, and causes health problems from asthma to heart disease for many more. This is costing societies very large amounts in terms of the value of lives lost and ill health. Based on extensive new epidemiological evidence since the 2010 Global Burden of Disease study, and OECD estimates of the Value of Statistical Life, this report provides evidence on the health impacts from air pollution and the related economic costs.

Urban Air Quality in Europe

Mar Viana
Urban Air Quality in Europe Book PDF

Author : Mar Viana
Publisher : Springer
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642384516

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Urban Air Quality in Europe by Mar Viana Pdf

This book provides an overview of air quality in urban environments in Europe, focusing on air pollutant emission sources and formation mechanisms, measurement and modeling strategies, and future perspectives. The emission sources described are biomass burning, vehicular traffic, industry and agriculture, but also African dust and long-range transport of pollutants across the European regions. The impact of these emission sources and processes on atmospheric particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen oxides and volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds is discussed and critical areas for particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide in Europe are identified. Finally, this volume presents future perspectives, mainly regarding upcoming air quality monitoring strategies, metrics of interest, such as submicron and nanoparticles, and indoor and outdoor exposure scenarios.

Environmental Impacts of Road Vehicles

R M Harrison,R E Hester
Environmental Impacts of Road Vehicles Book PDF

Author : R M Harrison,R E Hester
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-06-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781788011761

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Environmental Impacts of Road Vehicles by R M Harrison,R E Hester Pdf

The first concerns that come to mind in relation to pollution from road vehicles are direct emissions of carbon dioxide and toxic air pollutants. These are, of course, important but the impacts of road traffic are altogether more substantial. This volume of the Issues in Environmental Science and Technology Series takes a broader view of the effects on the environment and human health, excluding only injury due to road traffic accidents. By looking across the environmental media, air, water and soil, and taking account also of noise pollution, the volume addresses far more than the conventional atmospheric issues. More importantly, however, it examines present and future vehicle technologies, the implications of more extensive use of batteries in electric vehicles and the consequences of recycling vehicles at the end of use. Finally, examples of life-cycle analysis as applied to road vehicles are reviewed. This book is a comprehensive source of authoritative information for students studying pollution, and for policy-makers concerned with vehicle emissions and road traffic impacts more generally.

Transport, Environment and Health

World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
Transport Environment and Health Book PDF

Author : World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
Publisher : WHO Regional Office Europe
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Environmental health
ISBN : 9789289013567

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Transport, Environment and Health by World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe Pdf

This book brings together the scientific evidence on the main effects of transport on human health and the environment. It sets the conceptual framework for future analyses of the health burden and health gains from transport policies. It outlines how these health concerns have been reflected in policy tools such as impact assessment, regulation and economic analysis, and identifies the areas where action is most needed. Discussions of the environment and health effects of transport need to be communicated in a way that is relevant for policy-makers and easily understood by nonscientists. That is the aim of this book, which summarizes the results of extensive reviews of the issues prepared by groups of prominent international experts. It is also planned to release the reviews themselves, to give a more detailed account of the scientific evidence. [Foreword]

WHO global air quality guidelines

Weltgesundheitsorganisation,World Health Organization
WHO global air quality guidelines Book PDF

Author : Weltgesundheitsorganisation,World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2021-09-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789240034228

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WHO global air quality guidelines by Weltgesundheitsorganisation,World Health Organization Pdf

The main objective of these updated global guidelines is to offer health-based air quality guideline levels, expressed as long-term or short-term concentrations for six key air pollutants: PM2.5, PM10, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. In addition, the guidelines provide interim targets to guide reduction efforts of these pollutants, as well as good practice statements for the management of certain types of PM (i.e., black carbon/elemental carbon, ultrafine particles, particles originating from sand and duststorms). These guidelines are not legally binding standards; however, they provide WHO Member States with an evidence-informed tool, which they can use to inform legislation and policy. Ultimately, the goal of these guidelines is to help reduce levels of air pollutants in order to decrease the enormous health burden resulting from the exposure to air pollution worldwide.

Global Sources of Local Pollution

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on the Significance of International Transport of Air Pollutants
Global Sources of Local Pollution Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on the Significance of International Transport of Air Pollutants
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309144018

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Global Sources of Local Pollution by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on the Significance of International Transport of Air Pollutants Pdf

Recent advances in air pollution monitoring and modeling capabilities have made it possible to show that air pollution can be transported long distances and that adverse impacts of emitted pollutants cannot be confined to one country or even one continent. Pollutants from traffic, cooking stoves, and factories emitted half a world away can make the air we inhale today more hazardous for our health. The relative importance of this "imported" pollution is likely to increase, as emissions in developing countries grow, and air quality standards in industrial countries are tightened. Global Sources of Local Pollution examines the impact of the long-range transport of four key air pollutants (ozone, particulate matter, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants) on air quality and pollutant deposition in the United States. It also explores the environmental impacts of U.S. emissions on other parts of the world. The book recommends that the United States work with the international community to develop an integrated system for determining pollution sources and impacts and to design effective response strategies. This book will be useful to international, federal, state, and local policy makers responsible for understanding and managing air pollution and its impacts on human health and well-being.

Urban Traffic Pollution

Dietrich Schwela,Olivier Zali
Urban Traffic Pollution Book PDF

Author : Dietrich Schwela,Olivier Zali
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1998-11-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780419237204

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Urban Traffic Pollution by Dietrich Schwela,Olivier Zali Pdf

Noise and air pollution from motor vehicles have a major impact on the physical and mental well-being of urban residents worldwide. Although control measures have already been implemented in most developed countries, noise and air pollution have only recently become major problems in many developing countries, as rapid industrial growth, population increase and improved living standards have led to an increase in car ownership. If control measures are not implemented swiftly in developing countries, the effects on public health will be extremely serious. This book, which has been prepared by WHO in collaboration with the Ecotoxicology Service of the Department of Public Health in Geneva, discusses global trends in noise and air pollution from motor vehicles, their effects on public health, and the control measures available. This book discusses: * global trends of motor vehicle air pollution * its effects on public health * the various control measures available

The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution

OECD
The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264257474

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The Economic Consequences of Outdoor Air Pollution by OECD Pdf

This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic consequences of outdoor air pollution in the coming decades, focusing on the impacts on mortality, morbidity, and changes in crop yields as caused by high concentrations of pollutants.

Urban Climates

T. R. Oke,G. Mills,A. Christen,J. A. Voogt
Urban Climates Book PDF

Author : T. R. Oke,G. Mills,A. Christen,J. A. Voogt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-14
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780521849500

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Urban Climates by T. R. Oke,G. Mills,A. Christen,J. A. Voogt Pdf

The first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates, suitable for students and researchers alike.

Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases

Fabio Capello,Antonio Vittorino Gaddi
Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution Related Diseases Book PDF

Author : Fabio Capello,Antonio Vittorino Gaddi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 679 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319627311

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Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases by Fabio Capello,Antonio Vittorino Gaddi Pdf

This book examines in detail the clinical implications of those diseases that either are primarily triggered by air pollution or represent direct consequences of air pollutants. The aim is to provide medical practitioners with practical solutions to issues in diagnosis and treatment while simultaneously furnishing other interested parties with crucial information on the field. The book introduces the concept that air pollution-related diseases constitute a new class of pathologies. A wide range of conditions mainly attributable to air pollution are discussed, covering different body systems and pollution impacts in subsets of the population. In addition to presenting state of the art overviews of clinical aspects, the book carefully examines the implications of current knowledge for social and public health strategies aimed at disease prevention and prophylaxis. The Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases will greatly assist doctors and healthcare workers when dealing with the consequences of air pollution in their everyday practice and will provide researchers, industry, and policymakers with valuable facts and insights.