Trust Extension As A Mechanism For Secure Code Execution On Commodity Computers

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Trust Extension as a Mechanism for Secure Code Execution on Commodity Computers

Bryan Jeffrey Parno
Trust Extension as a Mechanism for Secure Code Execution on Commodity Computers Book PDF

Author : Bryan Jeffrey Parno
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781627054799

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Trust Extension as a Mechanism for Secure Code Execution on Commodity Computers by Bryan Jeffrey Parno Pdf

As society rushes to digitize sensitive information and services, it is imperative to adopt adequate security protections. However, such protections fundamentally conflict with the benefits we expect from commodity computers. In other words, consumers and businesses value commodity computers because they provide good performance and an abundance of features at relatively low costs. Meanwhile, attempts to build secure systems from the ground up typically abandon such goals, and hence are seldom adopted. In this book, I argue that we can resolve the tension between security and features by leveraging the trust a user has in one device to enable her to securely use another commodity device or service, without sacrificing the performance and features expected of commodity systems. At a high level, we support this premise by developing techniques to allow a user to employ a small, trusted, portable device to securely learn what code is executing on her local computer. Rather than entrusting her data to the mountain of buggy code likely running on her computer, we construct an on-demand secure execution environment which can perform security-sensitive tasks and handle private data in complete isolation from all other software (and most hardware) on the system. Meanwhile, non-security-sensitive software retains the same abundance of features and performance it enjoys today. Having established an environment for secure code execution on an individual computer, we then show how to extend trust in this environment to network elements in a secure and efficient manner. This allows us to reexamine the design of network protocols and defenses, since we can now execute code on endhosts and trust the results within the network. Lastly, we extend the user's trust one more step to encompass computations performed on a remote host (e.g., in the cloud). We design, analyze, and prove secure a protocol that allows a user to outsource arbitrary computations to commodity computers run by an untrusted remote party (or parties) who may subject the computers to both software and hardware attacks. Our protocol guarantees that the user can both verify that the results returned are indeed the correct results of the specified computations on the inputs provided, and protect the secrecy of both the inputs and outputs of the computations. These guarantees are provided in a non-interactive, asymptotically optimal (with respect to CPU and bandwidth) manner. Thus, extending a user's trust, via software, hardware, and cryptographic techniques, allows us to provide strong security protections for both local and remote computations on sensitive data, while still preserving the performance and features of commodity computers.

International Conference on Security and Privacy in Communication Networks

Jin Tian,Jiwu Jing,Mudhakar Srivatsa
International Conference on Security and Privacy in Communication Networks Book PDF

Author : Jin Tian,Jiwu Jing,Mudhakar Srivatsa
Publisher : Springer
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319238029

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International Conference on Security and Privacy in Communication Networks by Jin Tian,Jiwu Jing,Mudhakar Srivatsa Pdf

This 2-volume set constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Security and Privacy in Communication Networks, SecureComm 2014, held in Beijing, China, in September 2014. The 27 regular and 17 short papers presented were carefully reviewed. It also presents 22 papers accepted for four workshops (ATCS, SSS, SLSS, DAPRO) in conjunction with the conference, 6 doctoral symposium papers and 8 poster papers. The papers are grouped in the following topics: security and privacy in wired, wireless, mobile, hybrid, sensor, ad hoc networks; network intrusion detection and prevention, firewalls, packet filters; malware, and distributed denial of service; communication privacy and anonymity; network and internet forensics techniques; public key infrastructures, key management, credential management; secure routing, naming/addressing, network management; security and privacy in pervasive and ubiquitous computing; security & privacy for emerging technologies: VoIP, peer-to-peer and overlay network systems; security & isolation in data center networks; security & isolation in software defined networking.

Preventing Identity Crime: Identity Theft and Identity Fraud

Syed R. Ahmed
Preventing Identity Crime Identity Theft and Identity Fraud Book PDF

Author : Syed R. Ahmed
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 779 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-14
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004395978

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Preventing Identity Crime: Identity Theft and Identity Fraud by Syed R. Ahmed Pdf

This book conducts a comprehensive study of identity crime, which encompasses both identity theft and identity fraud, and tackles head-on the various facets of what is needed to deal with one of the fastest growing crimes around the world.

Intelligent System Design

Suresh Chandra Satapathy,Vikrant Bhateja,B. Janakiramaiah,Yen-Wei Chen
Intelligent System Design Book PDF

Author : Suresh Chandra Satapathy,Vikrant Bhateja,B. Janakiramaiah,Yen-Wei Chen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 865 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811554001

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Intelligent System Design by Suresh Chandra Satapathy,Vikrant Bhateja,B. Janakiramaiah,Yen-Wei Chen Pdf

This book presents a collection of high-quality, peer-reviewed research papers from the 6th International Conference on Information System Design and Intelligent Applications (INDIA 2019), held at Lendi Institute of Engineering & Technology, India, from 1 to 2 November 2019. It covers a wide range of topics in computer science and information technology, including data mining and data warehousing, high-performance computing, parallel and distributed computing, computational intelligence, soft computing, big data, cloud computing, grid computing and cognitive computing.

Code Nation

Michael J. Halvorson
Code Nation Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Halvorson
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-22
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450377553

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Code Nation by Michael J. Halvorson Pdf

Code Nation explores the rise of software development as a social, cultural, and technical phenomenon in American history. The movement germinated in government and university labs during the 1950s, gained momentum through corporate and counterculture experiments in the 1960s and 1970s, and became a broad-based computer literacy movement in the 1980s. As personal computing came to the fore, learning to program was transformed by a groundswell of popular enthusiasm, exciting new platforms, and an array of commercial practices that have been further amplified by distributed computing and the Internet. The resulting society can be depicted as a “Code Nation”—a globally-connected world that is saturated with computer technology and enchanted by software and its creation. Code Nation is a new history of personal computing that emphasizes the technical and business challenges that software developers faced when building applications for CP/M, MS-DOS, UNIX, Microsoft Windows, the Apple Macintosh, and other emerging platforms. It is a popular history of computing that explores the experiences of novice computer users, tinkerers, hackers, and power users, as well as the ideals and aspirations of leading computer scientists, engineers, educators, and entrepreneurs. Computer book and magazine publishers also played important, if overlooked, roles in the diffusion of new technical skills, and this book highlights their creative work and influence. Code Nation offers a “behind-the-scenes” look at application and operating-system programming practices, the diversity of historic computer languages, the rise of user communities, early attempts to market PC software, and the origins of “enterprise” computing systems. Code samples and over 80 historic photographs support the text. The book concludes with an assessment of contemporary efforts to teach computational thinking to young people.

Prophets of Computing

Dick van Lente
Prophets of Computing Book PDF

Author : Dick van Lente
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2022-12-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450398183

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Prophets of Computing by Dick van Lente Pdf

When electronic digital computers first appeared after World War II, they appeared as a revolutionary force. Business management, the world of work, administrative life, the nation state, and soon enough everyday life were expected to change dramatically with these machines’ use. Ever since, diverse prophecies of computing have continually emerged, through to the present day. As computing spread beyond the US and UK, such prophecies emerged from strikingly different economic, political, and cultural conditions. This volume explores how these expectations differed, assesses unexpected commonalities, and suggests ways to understand the divergences and convergences. This book examines thirteen countries, based on source material in ten different languages—the effort of an international team of scholars. In addition to analyses of debates, political changes, and popular speculations, we also show a wide range of pictorial representations of "the future with computers."

Communities of Computing

Thomas J. Misa
Communities of Computing Book PDF

Author : Thomas J. Misa
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781970001860

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Communities of Computing by Thomas J. Misa Pdf

Communities of Computing is the first book-length history of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), founded in 1947 and with a membership today of 100,000 worldwide. It profiles ACM's notable SIGs, active chapters, and individual members, setting ACM's history into a rich social and political context. The book's 12 core chapters are organized into three thematic sections. "Defining the Discipline" examines the 1960s and 1970s when the field of computer science was taking form at the National Science Foundation, Stanford University, and through ACM's notable efforts in education and curriculum standards. "Broadening the Profession" looks outward into the wider society as ACM engaged with social and political issues - and as members struggled with balancing a focus on scientific issues and awareness of the wider world. Chapters examine the social turbulence surrounding the Vietnam War, debates about the women's movement, efforts for computing and community education, and international issues including professionalization and the Cold War. "Expanding Research Frontiers" profiles three areas of research activity where ACM members and ACM itself shaped notable advances in computing, including computer graphics, computer security, and hypertext. Featuring insightful profiles of notable ACM leaders, such as Edmund Berkeley, George Forsythe, Jean Sammet, Peter Denning, and Kelly Gotlieb, and honest assessments of controversial episodes, the volume deals with compelling and complex issues involving ACM and computing. It is not a narrow organizational history of ACM committees and SIGS, although much information about them is given. All chapters are original works of research. Many chapters draw on archival records of ACM's headquarters, ACM SIGs, and ACM leaders. This volume makes a permanent contribution to documenting the history of ACM and understanding its central role in the history of computing.

Heterogeneous Computing

Mohamed Zahran
Heterogeneous Computing Book PDF

Author : Mohamed Zahran
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-05-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450361002

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Heterogeneous Computing by Mohamed Zahran Pdf

If you look around you will find that all computer systems, from your portable devices to the strongest supercomputers, are heterogeneous in nature. The most obvious heterogeneity is the existence of computing nodes of different capabilities (e.g. multicore, GPUs, FPGAs, ...). But there are also other heterogeneity factors that exist in computing systems, like the memory system components, interconnection, etc. The main reason for these different types of heterogeneity is to have good performance with power efficiency. Heterogeneous computing results in both challenges and opportunities. This book discusses both. It shows that we need to deal with these challenges at all levels of the computing stack: from algorithms all the way to process technology. We discuss the topic of heterogeneous computing from different angles: hardware challenges, current hardware state-of-the-art, software issues, how to make the best use of the current heterogeneous systems, and what lies ahead. The aim of this book is to introduce the big picture of heterogeneous computing. Whether you are a hardware designer or a software developer, you need to know how the pieces of the puzzle fit together. The main goal is to bring researchers and engineers to the forefront of the research frontier in the new era that started a few years ago and is expected to continue for decades. We believe that academics, researchers, practitioners, and students will benefit from this book and will be prepared to tackle the big wave of heterogeneous computing that is here to stay.

Applied Affective Computing

Leimin Tian,Sharon Oviatt,Michal Muszynski,Brent Chamberlain,Jennifer Healey,Akane Sano
Applied Affective Computing Book PDF

Author : Leimin Tian,Sharon Oviatt,Michal Muszynski,Brent Chamberlain,Jennifer Healey,Akane Sano
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-04
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450395939

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Applied Affective Computing by Leimin Tian,Sharon Oviatt,Michal Muszynski,Brent Chamberlain,Jennifer Healey,Akane Sano Pdf

Affective computing is a nascent field situated at the intersection of artificial intelligence with social and behavioral science. It studies how human emotions are perceived and expressed, which then informs the design of intelligent agents and systems that can either mimic this behavior to improve their intelligence or incorporate such knowledge to effectively understand and communicate with their human collaborators. Affective computing research has recently seen significant advances and is making a critical transformation from exploratory studies to real-world applications in the emerging research area known as applied affective computing. This book offers readers an overview of the state-of-the-art and emerging themes in affective computing, including a comprehensive review of the existing approaches to affective computing systems and social signal processing. It provides in-depth case studies of applied affective computing in various domains, such as social robotics and mental well-being. It also addresses ethical concerns related to affective computing and how to prevent misuse of the technology in research and applications. Further, this book identifies future directions for the field and summarizes a set of guidelines for developing next-generation affective computing systems that are effective, safe, and human-centered. For researchers and practitioners new to affective computing, this book will serve as an introduction to the field to help them in identifying new research topics or developing novel applications. For more experienced researchers and practitioners, the discussions in this book provide guidance for adopting a human-centered design and development approach to advance affective computing.

Computing and the National Science Foundation, 1950-2016

Peter A. Freeman,W. Richards Adrion,William Aspray
Computing and the National Science Foundation 1950 2016 Book PDF

Author : Peter A. Freeman,W. Richards Adrion,William Aspray
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450372749

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Computing and the National Science Foundation, 1950-2016 by Peter A. Freeman,W. Richards Adrion,William Aspray Pdf

This organizational history relates the role of the National Science Foundation (NSF) in the development of modern computing. Drawing upon new and existing oral histories, extensive use of NSF documents, and the experience of two of the authors as senior managers, this book describes how NSF’s programmatic activities originated and evolved to become the primary source of funding for fundamental research in computing and information technologies. The book traces how NSF's support has provided facilities and education for computing usage by all scientific disciplines, aided in institution and professional community building, supported fundamental research in computer science and allied disciplines, and led the efforts to broaden participation in computing by all segments of society. Today, the research and infrastructure facilitated by NSF computing programs are significant economic drivers of American society and industry. For example, NSF supported work that led to the first widely-used web browser, Netscape; sponsored the creation of algorithms at the core of the Google search engine; facilitated the growth of the public Internet; and funded research on the scientific basis for countless other applications and technologies. NSF has advanced the development of human capital and ideas for future advances in computing and its applications. This account is the first comprehensive coverage of NSF's role in the extraordinary growth and expansion of modern computing and its use. It will appeal to historians of computing, policy makers and leaders in government and academia, and individuals interested in the history and development of computing and the NSF.

Edmund Berkeley and the Social Responsibility of Computer Professionals

Bernadette Longo
Edmund Berkeley and the Social Responsibility of Computer Professionals Book PDF

Author : Bernadette Longo
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781970001372

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Edmund Berkeley and the Social Responsibility of Computer Professionals by Bernadette Longo Pdf

Edmund C. Berkeley (1909 – 1988) was a mathematician, insurance actuary, inventor, publisher, and a founder of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). His book Giant Brains or Machines That Think (1949) was the first explanation of computers for a general readership. His journal Computers and Automation (1951-1973) was the first journal for computer professionals. In the 1950s, Berkeley developed mail-order kits for small, personal computers such as Simple Simon and the Braniac. In an era when computer development was on a scale barely affordable by universities or government agencies, Berkeley took a different approach and sold simple computer kits to average Americans. He believed that digital computers, using mechanized reasoning based on symbolic logic, could help people make more rational decisions. The result of this improved reasoning would be better social conditions and fewer large-scale wars. Although Berkeley’s populist notions of computer development in the public interest did not prevail, the events of his life exemplify the human side of ongoing debates concerning the social responsibility of computer professionals. This biography of Edmund Berkeley, based on primary sources gathered over 15 years of archival research, provides a lens to understand social and political decisions surrounding early computer development, and the consequences of these decisions in our 21st century lives.

Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist

James Hendler,Fabien Gandon,Dean Allemang
Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist Book PDF

Author : James Hendler,Fabien Gandon,Dean Allemang
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450376150

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Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist by James Hendler,Fabien Gandon,Dean Allemang Pdf

Enterprises have made amazing advances by taking advantage of data about their business to provide predictions and understanding of their customers, markets, and products. But as the world of business becomes more interconnected and global, enterprise data is no long a monolith; it is just a part of a vast web of data. Managing data on a world-wide scale is a key capability for any business today. The Semantic Web treats data as a distributed resource on the scale of the World Wide Web, and incorporates features to address the challenges of massive data distribution as part of its basic design. The aim of the first two editions was to motivate the Semantic Web technology stack from end-to-end; to describe not only what the Semantic Web standards are and how they work, but also what their goals are and why they were designed as they are. It tells a coherent story from beginning to end of how the standards work to manage a world-wide distributed web of knowledge in a meaningful way. The third edition builds on this foundation to bring Semantic Web practice to enterprise. Fabien Gandon joins Dean Allemang and Jim Hendler, bringing with him years of experience in global linked data, to open up the story to a modern view of global linked data. While the overall story is the same, the examples have been brought up to date and applied in a modern setting, where enterprise and global data come together as a living, linked network of data. Also included with the third edition, all of the data sets and queries are available online for study and experimentation at data.world/swwo.

The Continuing Arms Race

Per Larsen,Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi
The Continuing Arms Race Book PDF

Author : Per Larsen,Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-23
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781970001815

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The Continuing Arms Race by Per Larsen,Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi Pdf

As human activities moved to the digital domain, so did all the well-known malicious behaviors including fraud, theft, and other trickery. There is no silver bullet, and each security threat calls for a specific answer. One specific threat is that applications accept malformed inputs, and in many cases it is possible to craft inputs that let an intruder take full control over the target computer system. The nature of systems programming languages lies at the heart of the problem. Rather than rewriting decades of well-tested functionality, this book examines ways to live with the (programming) sins of the past while shoring up security in the most efficient manner possible. We explore a range of different options, each making significant progress towards securing legacy programs from malicious inputs. The solutions explored include enforcement-type defenses, which excludes certain program executions because they never arise during normal operation. Another strand explores the idea of presenting adversaries with a moving target that unpredictably changes its attack surface thanks to randomization. We also cover tandem execution ideas where the compromise of one executing clone causes it to diverge from another thus revealing adversarial activities. The main purpose of this book is to provide readers with some of the most influential works on run-time exploits and defenses. We hope that the material in this book will inspire readers and generate new ideas and paradigms.

Circuits, Packets, and Protocols

James L. Pelkey,Andrew L. Russell,Loring G. Robbins
Circuits Packets and Protocols Book PDF

Author : James L. Pelkey,Andrew L. Russell,Loring G. Robbins
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450397292

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Circuits, Packets, and Protocols by James L. Pelkey,Andrew L. Russell,Loring G. Robbins Pdf

As recently as 1968, computer scientists were uncertain how best to interconnect even two computers. The notion that within a few decades the challenge would be how to interconnect millions of computers around the globe was too far-fetched to contemplate. Yet, by 1988, that is precisely what was happening. The products and devices developed in the intervening years—such as modems, multiplexers, local area networks, and routers—became the linchpins of the global digital society. How did such revolutionary innovation occur? This book tells the story of the entrepreneurs who were able to harness and join two factors: the energy of computer science researchers supported by governments and universities, and the tremendous commercial demand for Internetworking computers. The centerpiece of this history comes from unpublished interviews from the late 1980s with over 80 computing industry pioneers, including Paul Baran, J.C.R. Licklider, Vint Cerf, Robert Kahn, Larry Roberts, and Robert Metcalfe. These individuals give us unique insights into the creation of multi-billion dollar markets for computer-communications equipment, and they reveal how entrepreneurs struggled with failure, uncertainty, and the limits of knowledge.

Ada's Legacy

Robin Hammerman,Andrew L. Russell
Ada s Legacy Book PDF

Author : Robin Hammerman,Andrew L. Russell
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2015-10-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781970001495

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Ada's Legacy by Robin Hammerman,Andrew L. Russell Pdf

Ada’s Legacy illustrates the depth and diversity of writers, thinkers, and makers who have been inspired by Ada Lovelace, the English mathematician and writer. The volume, which commemorates the bicentennial of Ada’s birth in December 1815, celebrates Lovelace’s many achievements as well as the impact of her life and work, which reverberated widely since the late nineteenth century. In the 21st century we have seen a resurgence in Lovelace scholarship, thanks to the growth of interdisciplinary thinking and the expanding influence of women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Ada’s Legacy is a unique contribution to this scholarship, thanks to its combination of papers on Ada’s collaboration with Charles Babbage, Ada’s position in the Victorian and Steampunk literary genres, Ada’s representation in and inspiration of contemporary art and comics, and Ada’s continued relevance in discussions around gender and technology in the digital age. With the 200th anniversary of Ada Lovelace’s birth on December 10, 2015, we believe that the timing is perfect to publish this collection of papers. Because of its broad focus on subjects that reach far beyond the life and work of Ada herself, Ada’s Legacy will appeal to readers who are curious about Ada’s enduring importance in computing and the wider world.