Understanding Soils In Urban Environments

Author : Pam Hazelton,Brian Murphy
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781486314027

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Understanding Soils in Urban Environments by Pam Hazelton,Brian Murphy Pdf

With an ever-increasing proportion of the world’s population living in cities, soil properties such as salinity, acidity, water retention, erosion and pollution are becoming more significant in urban areas. While these are known issues for agriculture and forestry, as urban development increases, it is essential to recognise the potential of soil properties to create problems for the environment as well as structural concerns for buildings and other engineering works. Understanding Soils in Urban Environments explains how urban soils develop, change and erode. It describes their physical and chemical properties with a focus on specific soil problems that cause environmental damage, such as acid sulfate soils, and also affect the integrity of engineering structural works. This fully revised second edition addresses contemporary issues, including an increase in the use of green roofs and urban green space as well as manufactured soils in a variety of urban environments. Understanding Soils in Urban Environments provides a concise introduction to all aspects of soils in urban environments and will be extremely useful to students in a wide range of disciplines, from soil science and urban forestry and horticulture, to planning, engineering, construction and land remediation, as well as to engineers, builders, landscape architects, ecologists, planners and developers.

Author : Peter Bullock,Peter J. Gregory
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009-05-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781444310597

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Soils in the Urban Environment by Peter Bullock,Peter J. Gregory Pdf

Urban areas contain a wide variety of open spaces, yet much of this has evolved under the pressures of human population with minimal management. The last 40 years have seen problems of varying severity begin to appear, including contamination, erosion, acidification and compaction. These problems have brought attention to the importance of the soil cover, the need for better understanding it, and the need for its protection. This book is a review of state-of-the-art science for soil in urban areas. Based on a meeting organized by the Nature Conservancy Council and the British Society of Soil Science, the nine chapters cover soil classification, contamination by waste and metals, physical and biological properties, nutrient provision and cycling, vegetation, and soil storage. The book provides a basis from which to plan future research and development programs.

Author : Rattan Lal,B. A. Stewart
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781498770101

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Urban Soils by Rattan Lal,B. A. Stewart Pdf

Globally, 30% of the world population lived in urban areas in 1950, 54% in 2016 and 66% projected by 2050. The most urbanized regions include North America, Latin America, and Europe. Urban encroachment depletes soil carbon and the aboveground biomass carbon pools, enhancing the flux of carbon from soil and vegetation into the atmosphere. Thus, urbanization has exacerbated ecological and environmental problems. Urban soils are composed of geological material that has been drastically disturbed by anthropogenic activities and compromised their role in the production of food, aesthetics of residential areas, and pollutant dynamics. Properties of urban soils are normally not favorable to plant growth—the soils are contaminated by heavy metals and are compacted and sealed. Therefore, the quality of urban soils must be restored to make use of this valuable resource for delivery of essential ecosystem services (e.g., food, water and air quality, carbon sequestration, temperature moderation, biodiversity). Part of the Advances in Soil Sciences Series, Urban Soils explains properties of urban soils; assesses the effects of urbanization on the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and water and the impacts of management of urban soils, soil restoration, urban agriculture, and food security; evaluates ecosystem services provisioned by urban soils, and describes synthetic and artificial soils.

Author : Helmut Meuser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2010-07-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048193288

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Contaminated Urban Soils by Helmut Meuser Pdf

With more than 50% of the world’s population already living in towns and cities, migration from rural areas continuing at an alarming rate in developing countries and suburbanisation using more and more land in developed countries, the urban environment has become supremely important with regard to human health and wellbeing. For centuries, urbanisation has caused relatively low level soil conta- nation mainly by various wastes. However, from the time of the Industrial Revolution onwards, both the scale of urban development and the degree of soil contamination rapidly increased and involved an ever widening spectrum of c- taminants. With constraints on the supply of land for new urban development in many countries, it is becoming increasingly necessary to re-use previously dev- oped (brownfield) sites and to deal with their accompanying suites of contaminants. It is therefore essential to fully understand the diversity and properties of urban soils, to assess the possible risks from the contaminants they contain and devise ways of cleaning up sites and/or minimizing hazards. The author, Helmut Meuser, is Professor of Soil Protection and Soil Clean-up at the University of Applied Sciences, Osnabrück and is one of Europe’s foremost experts on contamination from technogenic materials in urban soils. He has many years’ experience of research in Berlin, Essen, Osnabrück, other regions of Germany, and several other countries.

Author : Maxine J. Levin,Kye-Hoon John Kim,Jean Louis Morel,Wolfgang Burghardt,Przemyslaw Charzynski,Richard K. Shaw
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-01-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3510654110

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Soils Within Cities by Maxine J. Levin,Kye-Hoon John Kim,Jean Louis Morel,Wolfgang Burghardt,Przemyslaw Charzynski,Richard K. Shaw Pdf

Author : Andrew W. Rate
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-01-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783030873165

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Urban Soils by Andrew W. Rate Pdf

This textbook addresses the increasing trend in urbanization of the world’s population and its relation with urban soils. Written by active practitioners of university level teaching and research, this book is designed primarily as an educational text, while it also provides readers with an authoritative gateway to the primary literature. It includes explicit coverage of spatial and statistical (multivariate) techniques and case studies to illustrate key concept, and to support practical guidance in issues such as data collection and analysis. The authors reflect current developments in research and urban trends. In China, for example, the proportion of the population living in cities increased from 13% in 1950 to 45% in 2010 (World Bank data). Australia is one of the world's top ten urbanised countries with population greater than ten million, with approximately 90% of its population living in cities, mainly along Australia's coast. The most rapidly urbanising populations are currently in nations of the African continent. Soils in urban areas have multiple functions which are becoming more valued by urban communities: soils supply water, nutrients and physical support for urban plant and animal communities (parks, reserves, gardens), and are becoming increasingly valued for growing food. Soils may be used for building foundations, or as building materials themselves. Urban hydrology relies on the existence of unsealed soils for aquifer protection and flood control. This volume presents the importance of urban ecosystems and the impacts of global change. It examines pedogenesis of urban soils: natural materials affected by urban phenomena, and natural processes acting on urban materials, including an examination of different climatic zones. There is a focus on soils formed on landfill, reclaimed land, dredge spoils as well as soil-related changes in urban geomorphology. There is plenty of discussion on urban soil as a source and sink as well as soil geochemistry and health. The book is intended primarily as a text for upper-level undergraduate, and postgraduate (Masters) students. It will also be invaluable as a resource for professionals such as researchers, environmental regulators, and environmental consultants.

Author : Amitava Rakshit,Subhadip Ghosh,Viacheslav Vasenev,H. Pathak,Vishnu D. Rajput
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811689147

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Soils in Urban Ecosystem by Amitava Rakshit,Subhadip Ghosh,Viacheslav Vasenev,H. Pathak,Vishnu D. Rajput Pdf

This book is a compilation of latest work in the field of urban soil management. It explores the global status of urban soils and puts forwards methods for sustainable utilization of urban soils and green spaces.Urban soil study is a new frontier of soil science. Urban soils research is challenging due to complexity of classification, spatial-temporal variability, exposure to pollution and the predominant effect of the anthropogenic factor on soil formation. Management of urban soils and green spaces is an important aspect for developing sustainable spaces. This is a comprehensive collection of information for the students, researchers, landscape architects understanding and maximizing the benefits of soils in urban ecosystems.

Author : Richard V. Pouyat,Deborah S. Page-Dumroese,Toral Patel-Weynand,Linda H. Geiser
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030452162

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Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions by Richard V. Pouyat,Deborah S. Page-Dumroese,Toral Patel-Weynand,Linda H. Geiser Pdf

This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.

Author : Pam Hazelton,Brian Murphy
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781486303984

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Interpreting Soil Test Results by Pam Hazelton,Brian Murphy Pdf

Interpreting Soil Test Results is a practical reference enabling soil scientists, environmental scientists, environmental engineers, land holders and others involved in land management to better understand a range of soil test methods and interpret the results of these tests. It also contains a comprehensive description of the soil properties relevant to many environmental and natural land resource issues and investigations. This new edition has an additional chapter on soil organic carbon store estimation and an extension of the chapter on soil contamination. It also includes sampling guidelines for landscape design and a section on trace elements. The book updates and expands sections covering acid sulfate soil, procedures for sampling soils, levels of nutrients present in farm products, soil sodicity, salinity and rainfall erosivity. It includes updated interpretations for phosphorus in soils, soil pH and the cation exchange capacity of soils. Interpreting Soil Test Results is ideal reading for students of soil science and environmental science and environmental engineering; professional soil scientists, environmental scientists, engineers and consultants; and local government agencies and as a reference by solicitors and barristers for land and environment cases.

Author : Ciro Gardi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317504702

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Urban Expansion, Land Cover and Soil Ecosystem Services by Ciro Gardi Pdf

More than half of the world population now lives in cities, and urban expansion continues as rural people move to cities. This results in the loss of land for other purposes, particularly soil for agriculture and drainage. This book presents a review of current knowledge of the extension and projected expansion of urban areas at a global scale. Focusing on the impact of the process of 'land take' on soil resources and the ecosystem services that they provide, it describes approaches and methodologies for detecting and measuring urban areas, based mainly on remote sensing, together with a review of models and projected data on urban expansion. The most innovative aspect includes an analysis of the drivers and especially the impacts of soil sealing and land take on ecosystem services, including agriculture and food security, biodiversity, hydrology, climate and landscape. Case studies of cities from Europe, China and Latin America are included. The aim is not only to present and analyse this important environmental challenge, but also to propose and discuss solutions for the limitation, mitigation and compensation of this process.

Author : Christopher C. Johnson,Alecos Demetriades,Juan Locutura,Rolf Tore Ottesen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 640 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2011-02-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470670088

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Mapping the Chemical Environment of Urban Areas by Christopher C. Johnson,Alecos Demetriades,Juan Locutura,Rolf Tore Ottesen Pdf

This comprehensive text focuses on the increasingly important issues of urban geochemical mapping with key coverage of the distribution and behaviour of chemicals and compounds in the urban environment. Clearly structured throughout, the first part of the book covers general aspects of urban chemical mapping with an overview of current practice and reviews of different aspects of the component methodologies. The second part includes case histories from different urban areas around Europe authored by those national or academic institutions tasked with investigating the chemical environments of their major urban centers.

Author : Phillip J. Craul
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1999-03-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 0471189030

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Urban Soils by Phillip J. Craul Pdf

The soil which is found in large cities offer distinctive challenges to the landscape architect or horticulturist responsible for maintaining these urban plantings. Often compacted, contaminated, or otherwise unsuitable for use in major landscape projects, these soils require practical methods which can insure a successful outcome of a landscape project. This applications-oriented, introductory reference addresses numerous topics in the field of urban soil science.

Author : R Brewer,JR Sleeman
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1988-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780643106185

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Soil Structure and Fabric by R Brewer,JR Sleeman Pdf

Soil Structure and Fabric sets out a method of describing the structure and fabric of soils that proceeds consistently from macroscopic descriptions in the field to descriptions from standard thin sections as viewed with a light microscope. Most of the book is devoted to the description and classification of the microscopic characteristics of soils.

Author : Simon Leake,Elke Haege
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2014-06-18
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9780643109650

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Soils for Landscape Development by Simon Leake,Elke Haege Pdf

Provides a clear, practical template for specifying landscape soils based on scientific criteria.

Author : Anna Paltseva
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031507779

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The Urban Soil Guide by Anna Paltseva Pdf