United States Income Wealth Consumption And Inequality

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United States Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality

Diana Furchtgott-Roth
United States Income Wealth Consumption and Inequality Book PDF

Author : Diana Furchtgott-Roth
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780197518205

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United States Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality by Diana Furchtgott-Roth Pdf

Over the past 75 years, household income in the United States has increased substantially. Still, by some measures, income inequality has increased as well. This has been the subject of contested public policy and political discourse. The question still stands: How can we better articulate the nuanced changes in American incomes? It is difficult to have conversations about income inequality without an agreed-upon set of terms, metrics, and concepts. United States Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality, edited by Diana Furchtgott-Roth, examines the trends in income growth in the United States and explores various measures of income, including market, post-tax, and post-transfer income. Within each chapter, distinguished experts explain how income and wealth--and the way we measure them--have changed in the United States, which demographic groups have benefited from these changes, and how mobility has changed over time and over generations. Specific chapters explain the roles of gender and race. The resulting book is relevant to modern international policy, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, and addresses what can be done to increase economic mobility in the United States.

Europe's Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality

Georg Fischer,Robert Strauss
Europe s Income Wealth Consumption and Inequality Book PDF

Author : Georg Fischer,Robert Strauss
Publisher : International Policy Exchange
Page : 617 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780197545706

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Europe's Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality by Georg Fischer,Robert Strauss Pdf

Europe's Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality offers a novel approach to the analysis of social and economic trends, and the resulting book identifies major policy challenges applicable in the EU and beyond. Georg Fischer, Robert Strauss, and their contributors focus on explaining how policy makers and the media focus on national trends to measure progress among the nations in Europe.

Economic Inequality in the United States

Lars Osberg
Economic Inequality in the United States Book PDF

Author : Lars Osberg
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317289715

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Economic Inequality in the United States by Lars Osberg Pdf

Originally published in 1984, this study explores multiple theoretical perspectives as well as critically analysing the most recent evidence at the time to try and find a full explanation for inequality in the United States. Arguments of neoclassical economists and Marxist and institutional structuralists are considered by Osberg as well as putting forward his own model. Osberg uses his findings to attempt a complete explanation of the issue and advises on policies which could be undertaken by the government to try and lessen the gap. This title will be of interest to students of Economics.

Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures

Chris Carroll,Thomas F. Crossley,John Sabelhaus
Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures Book PDF

Author : Chris Carroll,Thomas F. Crossley,John Sabelhaus
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226126654

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Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures by Chris Carroll,Thomas F. Crossley,John Sabelhaus Pdf

Robust and reliable measures of consumer expenditures are essential for analyzing aggregate economic activity and for measuring differences in household circumstances. Many countries, including the United States, are embarking on ambitious projects to redesign surveys of consumer expenditures, with the goal of better capturing economic heterogeneity. This is an appropriate time to examine the way consumer expenditures are currently measured, and the challenges and opportunities that alternative approaches might present. Improving the Measurement of Consumer Expenditures begins with a comprehensive review of current methodologies for collecting consumer expenditure data. Subsequent chapters highlight the range of different objectives that expenditure surveys may satisfy, compare the data available from consumer expenditure surveys with that available from other sources, and describe how the United States’s current survey practices compare with those in other nations.

Top Incomes

A. B. Atkinson,Thomas Piketty
Top Incomes Book PDF

Author : A. B. Atkinson,Thomas Piketty
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2010-04-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191500886

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Top Incomes by A. B. Atkinson,Thomas Piketty Pdf

A rapidly growing area of economic research investigates the top of the income distribution using data from income tax records. This volume brings together studies of top incomes for twelve countries from around the world, including China, India, Japan, Argentina and Indonesia. Together with the first volume, published in 2007, the studies cover twenty two countries. They have a long time span, the earliest data relating to 1875 (for Norway), allowing recent developments to be placed in historical perspective. The volume describes in detail the source data and the methods employed. It will be an invaluable reference source for researchers in the field. Individual country chapters deal with the specific nature of the data for each of the countries, and describe the long-term evolution of top income shares. In the countries as a whole, dramatic changes have taken place at the top of the income distribution. Over the first part of the century, top income shares fell markedly. This largely took the form of a reduction in capital incomes. The different authors examine the impact of the First and Second World Wars, contrasting countries that were and were not engaged. They consider the impact of depressions and banking crises, and pay particular attention to the impact of progressive taxation. In the last 30 years, the shares of top incomes have increased markedly in the US and other Anglo-Saxon countries, reflecting the increased dispersion of earnings. The volume includes statistics on the much-discussed top pay and bonuses, providing a global perspective that discusses important differences between countries such as the lesser increase in Continental Europe. This book, together with volume 1, documents this interesting development and explores the underlying causes. The findings are brought together in a final summary chapter by Atkinson, Piketty and Saez.

Income and Wealth

Alan Reynolds
Income and Wealth Book PDF

Author : Alan Reynolds
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2006-09-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780313063558

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Income and Wealth by Alan Reynolds Pdf

Why some people are rich and others poor can be explained in a number of ways. Income and Wealth focuses on who gets what and why. It explains the dynamics of income generation, how it is measured, and how such dramatic disparities in distribution come about. The book first defines various characteristics of income, with an emphasis on the gap between the rich and the poor, and reviews several theories to explain the disparities. Subsequent chapters discuss such timely topics as the vanishing middle class and the sky-high salaries of CEOs, Hollywood stars, and athletes. The final chapters consider the implications of policies, such as the minimum wage, taxes, immigration, and trade quotas, and expand the discussion to consider international comparisons. Featuring graphs and charts, a glossary of key terms, and a listing of references and resources, Income and Wealth explains the intricate, and often controversial, effects of economic policies on individuals, families, and communities. Moreover, it shows how the numbers can be manipulated by policymakers, pundits, journalists, and academics to promote various agendas—and shows readers how to recognize hyberbole and make better-informed decisions.

Rich Get Richer, The: American Wage, Wealth And Income Inequality

Thomas Hyclak
Rich Get Richer The American Wage Wealth And Income Inequality Book PDF

Author : Thomas Hyclak
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811277313

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Rich Get Richer, The: American Wage, Wealth And Income Inequality by Thomas Hyclak Pdf

Inequality of wages among workers and inequality of income and wealth among families and households has been rising steadily for the past half-century in the United States and other developed economies. However, the United States stands out for having the most unequal wage and income distributions to begin with and for experiencing the fastest rise in inequality over the following decades. While this has been a long-developing situation and the subject of academic interest for some time, it is only in the last decade or so that inequality has attracted considerable public attention and become a political issue. Inequality has also become a subject of renewed interest among economists, with a growing number of scholars engaged in the development of new databases and the analysis of the causes and effects of increased inequality.This book provides an overview of the economic analysis of wage, income and wealth inequality in the United States, with a focus on this recent research. It provides the reader with an understanding of the complex causes of rising inequality, the serious consequences that make rising inequality an issue for public policy, and the potential policy actions that might be taken to slow or reverse rising inequality. The author presents an economic and statistical analysis in clear non-technical language to allow the general reader or student in an undergraduate course to learn the insights that economists have gained into the issue of inequality in advanced economies.The book contends that rising wage inequality among workers and income and wealth inequality among families reflects the complex interaction of profound changes in the US economy over the last half-century. These are not limited to economic changes like new technology, increased globalization, changes in the internal structure of firms, and the rise of new growth sectors in tech, finance, and health care. Of additional critical importance are changes in public opinion and political platforms and policies that replaced the New Deal view of the economic role of government with a pro-business, free-market philosophy that has changed labor market policy in a direction promoting increased inequality. This major change in the environment raises important questions about the efficacy of policy proposals. An additionally intriguing issue is the ultimate impact of the financial crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic on perceptions of and support for government policies designed to reverse the seemingly inexorable trend toward greater inequality. This book traces the evolution of inequality over time through key concept illustrations and language that is easy enough to understand, even for the general reader.

Unequal We Stand

Jonathan Heathcote
Unequal We Stand Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Heathcote
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 61 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2010-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781437934915

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Unequal We Stand by Jonathan Heathcote Pdf

The authors conducted a systematic empirical study of cross-sectional inequality in the U.S., integrating data from various surveys. The authors follow the mapping suggested by the household budget constraint from individual wages to individual earnings, to household earnings, to disposable income, and, ultimately, to consumption and wealth. They document a continuous and sizable increase in wage inequality over the sample period. Changes in the distribution of hours worked sharpen the rise in earnings inequality before 1982, but mitigate its increase thereafter. Taxes and transfers compress the level of income inequality, especially at the bottom of the distribution, but have little effect on the overall trend. Charts and tables. This is a print-on-demand publication; it is not an original.

The Rich Get Richer

Dennis Duane Braun
The Rich Get Richer Book PDF

Author : Dennis Duane Braun
Publisher : Wadsworth Publishing Company
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015027470544

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The Rich Get Richer by Dennis Duane Braun Pdf

This edition is a penetrating and urgent study of the increasing levels of income inequality in the United States and the world. The erosion of the middle class poses a threat to worldwide economic and political stability, as consumers and their children slowly disappear into growing rates of poverty, crime, and violence. Braun examines the economic plight of all people including those in developing nations where a tiny minority controls much of the wealth, and links this inequality to relationships between Third World nations and multinational corporations. This second edition includes new information on the working poor, Mexico and NAFTA, cross-country perceptions of inequality, mass media and political manipulation, and corporations and their overpaid CEOs.

Unequal Gains

Peter H. Lindert,Jeffrey G. Williamson
Unequal Gains Book PDF

Author : Peter H. Lindert,Jeffrey G. Williamson
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2017-12-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691178271

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Unequal Gains by Peter H. Lindert,Jeffrey G. Williamson Pdf

A book that rewrites the history of American prosperity and inequality Unequal Gains offers a radically new understanding of the economic evolution of the United States, providing a complete picture of the uneven progress of America from colonial times to today. While other economic historians base their accounts on American wealth, Peter Lindert and Jeffrey Williamson focus instead on income—and the result is a bold reassessment of the American economic experience. America has been exceptional in its rising inequality after an egalitarian start, but not in its long-run growth. America had already achieved world income leadership by 1700, not just in the twentieth century as is commonly thought. Long before independence, American colonists enjoyed higher living standards than Britain—and America's income advantage today is no greater than it was three hundred years ago. But that advantage was lost during the Revolution, lost again during the Civil War, and lost a third time during the Great Depression, though it was regained after each crisis. In addition, Lindert and Williamson show how income inequality among Americans rose steeply in two great waves—from 1774 to 1860 and from the 1970s to today—rising more than in any other wealthy nation in the world. Unequal Gains also demonstrates how the widening income gaps have always touched every social group, from the richest to the poorest. The book sheds critical light on the forces that shaped American income history, and situates that history in a broad global context. Economic writing at its most stimulating, Unequal Gains provides a vitally needed perspective on who has benefited most from American growth, and why.

World Inequality Report 2022

Lucas Chancel,Thomas Piketty,Emmanuel Saez,Gabriel Zucman
World Inequality Report 2022 Book PDF

Author : Lucas Chancel,Thomas Piketty,Emmanuel Saez,Gabriel Zucman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674273566

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World Inequality Report 2022 by Lucas Chancel,Thomas Piketty,Emmanuel Saez,Gabriel Zucman Pdf

World Inequality Report 2022 is the most authoritative and comprehensive account of global trends in inequality, providing cutting-edge information about income and wealth inequality and also pioneering data about the history of inequality, gender inequality, environmental inequalities, and trends in international tax reform and redistribution.

Inequality, Leverage and Crises

Mr.Michael Kumhof,Mr.Romain Ranciere
Inequality Leverage and Crises Book PDF

Author : Mr.Michael Kumhof,Mr.Romain Ranciere
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781455210756

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Inequality, Leverage and Crises by Mr.Michael Kumhof,Mr.Romain Ranciere Pdf

The paper studies how high leverage and crises can arise as a result of changes in the income distribution. Empirically, the periods 1920-1929 and 1983-2008 both exhibited a large increase in the income share of the rich, a large increase in leverage for the remainder, and an eventual financial and real crisis. The paper presents a theoretical model where these features arise endogenously as a result of a shift in bargaining powers over incomes. A financial crisis can reduce leverage if it is very large and not accompanied by a real contraction. But restoration of the lower income group's bargaining power is more effective.

Economic Inequality and Income Distribution

D. G. Champernowne,F. A. Cowell
Economic Inequality and Income Distribution Book PDF

Author : D. G. Champernowne,F. A. Cowell
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521589592

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Economic Inequality and Income Distribution by D. G. Champernowne,F. A. Cowell Pdf

Economic inequality has become a focus of prime interest for economic analysts and policy makers. This book provides an integrated approach to the topics of inequality and personal income distribution. It covers the practical and theoretical bases for inequality analysis, applications to real world problems and the foundations of theoretical approaches to income distribution. It also analyses models of the distribution of labour earnings and of income from wealth. The long-run development of income - and wealth - distribution over many generations is also examined. Special attention is given to an assessment of the merits and weaknesses of standard economic models, to illustrating the implications of distributional mechanisms using real data and illustrative examples, and to providing graphical interpretation of formal arguments. Examples are drawn from US, UK and international sources.

Consumption, Wealth, and Income Inequality

Alexandre Gaillard,Christian Hellwig,Philipp Wangner,Nicolas Werquin
Consumption Wealth and Income Inequality Book PDF

Author : Alexandre Gaillard,Christian Hellwig,Philipp Wangner,Nicolas Werquin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1414165788

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Consumption, Wealth, and Income Inequality by Alexandre Gaillard,Christian Hellwig,Philipp Wangner,Nicolas Werquin Pdf

We provide evidence that the distributions of consumption, labor income, wealth, and capital income exhibit asymptotic power-law behavior with a strict ranking of upper tail inequality, in that order, from the least to the most unequal. We show analytically and quantitatively that the canonical heterogeneous-agent model cannot replicate the proper ranking and magnitudes of these four tails simultaneously. Mechanisms addressing the wealth concentration puzzle in these models through return heterogeneity lead to a mirror consumption concentration puzzle. We match the cross-sectional data on these four Pareto tails by positing a combination of non-homothetic, wealth-dependent preferences and scale-dependent returns to capital. We underscore the importance of these results by showing that all four dimensions of top inequality jointly determine the long-run elasticity that governs the revenue-maximizing capital tax rate.

American Inequality

Jeffrey G. Williamson,Peter H. Lindert
American Inequality Book PDF

Author : Jeffrey G. Williamson,Peter H. Lindert
Publisher : New York ; Toronto : Academic Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105001943419

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American Inequality by Jeffrey G. Williamson,Peter H. Lindert Pdf

Monograph presenting a macroeconomic analysis of the relationship of economic development to wealth and income distribution inequality trends in the USA from the historical 1770s to the 1970s - rejects the notion that inequality was a necessary precondition of economic growth, and argues that complex interactions among such variables as technological change, labour supply and capital formation were sources of economic disparity. Bibliography pp. 335 to 349 and graphs.