Use Of Representations In Reasoning And Problem Solving
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Use of Representations in Reasoning and Problem Solving by Lieven Verschaffel,Erik de Corte,Ton de Jong,Jan Elen Pdf
Within an increasingly multimedia focused society, the use of external representations in learning, teaching and communication has increased dramatically. This book explores: how we can theorise the relationship between processing internal and external representations.
National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on the Status, Contributions, and Future Directions of Discipline-Based Education Research
Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on the Status, Contributions, and Future Directions of Discipline-Based Education Research Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 282 pages File Size : 48,8 Mb Release : 2012-08-27 Category : Education ISBN : 9780309254144
Discipline-Based Education Research by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on the Status, Contributions, and Future Directions of Discipline-Based Education Research Pdf
The National Science Foundation funded a synthesis study on the status, contributions, and future direction of discipline-based education research (DBER) in physics, biological sciences, geosciences, and chemistry. DBER combines knowledge of teaching and learning with deep knowledge of discipline-specific science content. It describes the discipline-specific difficulties learners face and the specialized intellectual and instructional resources that can facilitate student understanding. Discipline-Based Education Research is based on a 30-month study built on two workshops held in 2008 to explore evidence on promising practices in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This book asks questions that are essential to advancing DBER and broadening its impact on undergraduate science teaching and learning. The book provides empirical research on undergraduate teaching and learning in the sciences, explores the extent to which this research currently influences undergraduate instruction, and identifies the intellectual and material resources required to further develop DBER. Discipline-Based Education Research provides guidance for future DBER research. In addition, the findings and recommendations of this report may invite, if not assist, post-secondary institutions to increase interest and research activity in DBER and improve its quality and usefulness across all natural science disciples, as well as guide instruction and assessment across natural science courses to improve student learning. The book brings greater focus to issues of student attrition in the natural sciences that are related to the quality of instruction. Discipline-Based Education Research will be of interest to educators, policy makers, researchers, scholars, decision makers in universities, government agencies, curriculum developers, research sponsors, and education advocacy groups.
Knowledge Representation, Reasoning and Declarative Problem Solving by Chitta Baral Pdf
Baral shows how to write programs that behave intelligently, by giving them the ability to express knowledge and to reason. This book will appeal to practising and would-be knowledge engineers wishing to learn more about the subject in courses or through self-teaching.
Diagrammatic Representation and Reasoning by Michael Anderson,Bernd Meyer,Patrick Olivier Pdf
The rise in computing and multimedia technology has spawned an increasing interest in the role of diagrams and sketches, not only for the purpose of conveying information but also for creative thinking and problem-solving. This book attempts to characterise the nature of "a science of diagrams" in a wide-ranging, multidisciplinary study that contains accounts of the most recent research results in computer science and psychology. Key topics include: cognitive aspects, formal aspects, and applications. It is a well-written and indispensable survey for researchers and students in the fields of cognitive science, artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction, and graphics and visualisation.
Diagrammatic Representation and Inference by Gem Stapleton,John Howse,John Lee Pdf
Diagrams is an international and interdisciplinary conference series, covering all aspects of research on the theory and application of diagrams. Recent technological advances have enabled the large-scale adoption of d- grams in a diverse range of areas. Increasingly sophisticated visual represen- tions are emerging and, to enable e?ective communication, insight is required into how diagrams are used and when they are appropriate for use. The per- sive, everyday use of diagrams for communicating information and ideas serves to illustrate the importance of providing a sound understanding of the role that diagrams can, and do, play. Research in the ?eld of diagrams aims to improve our understanding of the role of diagrams, sketches and other visualizations in communication, computation, cognition, creative thought, and problem solving. These concerns have triggered a surge of interest in the study of diagrams. The study of diagrammatic communication as a whole must be pursued as an interdisciplinary endeavour.Diagrams 2008 was the ?fth event in this conf- ence series, which was launched in Edinburghduring September 2000.Diagrams attracts a large number of researchers from virtually all related ?elds, placing the conference as a major international event in the area. Diagrams is the only conference that provides a united forum for all areas that are concerned with the study of diagrams: for example, architecture, - ti?cial intelligence, cartography, cognitive science, computer science, education, graphicdesign,historyofscience,human-computerinteraction,linguistics,logic, mathematics,philosophy,psychology,andsoftwaremodelling.Weseeissuesfrom all of these ?elds discussed in the papers collected in the present volume.
Strengths-Based Teaching and Learning in Mathematics by Beth McCord Kobett,Karen S. Karp Pdf
"This book is a game changer! Strengths-Based Teaching and Learning in Mathematics: 5 Teaching Turnarounds for Grades K- 6 goes beyond simply providing information by sharing a pathway for changing practice. . . Focusing on our students’ strengths should be routine and can be lost in the day-to-day teaching demands. A teacher using these approaches can change the trajectory of students’ lives forever. All teachers need this resource! Connie S. Schrock Emporia State University National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics President, 2017-2019 NEW COVID RESOURCES ADDED: A Parent’s Toolkit to Strengths-Based Learning in Math is now available on the book’s companion website to support families engaged in math learning at home. This toolkit provides a variety of home-based activities and games for families to engage in together. Your game plan for unlocking mathematics by focusing on students’ strengths. We often evaluate student thinking and their work from a deficit point of view, particularly in mathematics, where many teachers have been taught that their role is to diagnose and eradicate students’ misconceptions. But what if instead of focusing on what students don’t know or haven’t mastered, we identify their mathematical strengths and build next instructional steps on students’ points of power? Beth McCord Kobett and Karen S. Karp answer this question and others by highlighting five key teaching turnarounds for improving students’ mathematics learning: identify teaching strengths, discover and leverage students’ strengths, design instruction from a strengths-based perspective, help students identify their points of power, and promote strengths in the school community and at home. Each chapter provides opportunities to stop and consider current practice, reflect, and transfer practice while also sharing · Downloadable resources, activities, and tools · Examples of student work within Grades K–6 · Real teachers’ notes and reflections for discussion It’s time to turn around our approach to mathematics instruction, end deficit thinking, and nurture each student’s mathematical strengths by emphasizing what makes them each unique and powerful.
The PISA 2003 Technical Report describes the complex methodology underlying PISA 2003, along with additional features related to the implementation of the project at a level of detail that allows researchers to understand and replicate its analyses.
The Development of Gifted and Talented Mathematics Students and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards by Linda Jensen Sheffield Pdf
Reviews research on the characteristics and identification of students displaying mathematical gifts and talents, as well as discussing research on the level of mathematical competency of the gifted and talented students in the U.S. An overview of the Curriculum and Evaluation, Professional , and Assessment Standards for School Mathematics is included along with recommendations for curriculum, teaching, and assessment of students showing mathematical talent. Specific recommendations for programs, teaching strategies, resources, and alternative means of evaluation are suggested.
Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society by Morton Ann Gernsbacher,Sharon J. Derry Pdf
This volume features the complete text of the material presented at the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. As in previous years, the symposium included an interesting mixture of papers on many topics from researchers with diverse backgrounds and different goals, presenting a multifaceted view of cognitive science. This volume contains papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at the leading conference that brings cognitive scientists together to discuss issues of theoretical and applied concern. Submitted presentations are represented in these proceedings as "long papers" (those presented as spoken presentations and "full posters" at the conference) and "short papers" (those presented as "abstract posters" by members of the Cognitive Science Society).
The Imperfect and Unfinished Math Teacher [Grades K-12] by Chase Orton Pdf
The system won’t do it for us. But we have each other. In The Imperfect and Unfinished Math Teacher: A Journey to Reclaim Our Professional Growth, master storyteller Chase Orton offers a vulnerable and courageous grassroots guide that leads K-12 math teachers through a journey to cultivate a more equitable, inclusive, and cohesive culture of professionalism for themselves...what he calls professional flourishment. The book builds from two bold premises. First, that as educators, we are all naturally imperfect and unfinished, and growth should be our constant goal. Second, that the last 40 years of top-down PD efforts in mathematics have rarely supplied teachers with what they need to equitably grow their practice and foster classrooms that are likewise empowered, inclusive, and cohesive. With gentle humanity, this book inspires teachers to break down silos, observe each others’ classrooms, interrogate their own biases, and put students at the center of everything they do in the math classroom. This book: Weaves raw and authentic stories—both personal and those from other educators—into a relatable and validating narrative Offers interactive opportunities to self-reflect, build relationships, seek new vantage on our teaching by observing others’ classrooms and students, and share and listen to other’s stories and experiences Asks teachers to give and accept grace as they work collaboratively to better themselves and the system from within, so that they can truly serve each of their students authentically and equitably Implementing the beliefs and actions in this book will position teachers to become more active partners in each other’s professional growth so that they can navigate the obstacles in their professional landscape with renewed focus and a greater sense of individual and collective efficacy. It equips teachers—and by extension, their students—to chart their own course and author their own equitable and joyful mathematical and professional stories.
Diagrammatic Representation and Inference by Ashok K Goel,Mateja Jamnik,N Hari Narayanan Pdf
The 6th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Diagrams – Diagrams 2010 – was held in Portland, USA in August 2010. Diagrams is an international and interdisciplinary conference series, which continues to present the very best work in all aspects of research on the theory and application of diagrams. Some key questions that researchers are tackling concern gaining an insight into how diagrams are used, how they are rep- sented, which types are available and when it is appropriate to use them. The use of diagrammatic notations is studied for a variety of purposes including communication, cognition, creative thought, computation and problem-solving. Clearly, this must be pursued as an interdisciplinary endeavor, and Diagrams is the only conference series that provides such a united forum for all areas that are concerned with the study of diagrams: for example, architecture, arti?cial intelligence,cartography,cognitivescience,computer science,education,graphic design, history of science, human–computer interaction, linguistics, logic, ma- ematics, philosophy, psychology, and software modelling. The articles in this volume re?ect this variety and interdisciplinarity of the ?eld.
Encyclopedia of Microcomputers by Allen Kent,James G. Williams Pdf
"The Encyclopedia of Microcomputers serves as the ideal companion reference to the popular Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology. Now in its 10th year of publication, this timely reference work details the broad spectrum of microcomputer technology, including microcomputer history; explains and illustrates the use of microcomputers throughout academe, business, government, and society in general; and assesses the future impact of this rapidly changing technology."
Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society by Cognitive Science Society (U.S.). Conference Pdf
This volume features the complete text of all regular papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.
The New Sourcebook for Teaching Reasoning and Problem Solving in Junior and Senior High School by Stephen Krulik,Jesse A. Rudnick Pdf
Krulik and Rudnick explore methods for teaching and testing problem solving and reasoning, then present over 100 problems for use with students as well as problems that can be used as diagnostic tools.
Concept-Rich Mathematics Instruction by Meir Ben-Hur Pdf
Have you ever wondered why students too often have only a rudimentary understanding of mathematics, why even rich and exciting hands-on learning does not always result in "real" learning of new concepts? The answer lies in whether students have actually learned mathematical concepts, rather than merely memorizing facts and formulas. Concept-Rich Mathematics Instruction is based on the constructivist view that concepts are not simply facts to be memorized and later recalled, but rather knowledge that learners develop through an active process of adapting to new experiences. The teacher's role is critical in this process. When teachers prompt students to reflect on their experiences and report and answer questions verbally, students must re-examine and even revise their concepts of reality. Meir Ben-Hur offers expert guidance on all aspects of Concept-Rich Mathematics Instruction, including * Identifying the core concepts of the mathematics curriculum. * Planning instructional sequences that build upon concepts that students already understand. * Designing learning experiences that provoke thoughtful discussions about new concepts and prepare students to apply these concepts on their own. * Identifying student errors, particularly those caused by preconceptions, as important sources of information and as key instructional tools. * Conducting classroom dialogues that are rich in alternative representations. * Using a variety of formative assessment methods to reveal the state of students' learning. * Incorporating problem-solving activities that provoke cognitive dissonance and enhance students' cognitive competence. Concept-Rich Mathematics Instruction is grounded in the belief that all students can learn to think mathematically and solve challenging problems. If you're looking for a powerful way to improve students' performance in mathematics and move closer to fulfilling the NCTM standards, look no further: this approach provides the building blocks for constructing a first-class mathematics program. Note: This product listing is for the reflowable (ePub) version of the book.