Violence In The Central American Region

Author : Pablo Policzer
Publisher : Latin American and Caribbean S
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1552389065

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The Politics of Violence in Latin America by Pablo Policzer Pdf

Latin America is one of the most violent regions in the world. It has suffered waves of repressive authoritarian rule, organized armed insurgency and civil war, violent protest, and ballooning rates of criminal violence. But is violence hard wired into Latin America? This is a critical reassessment of the ways in which violence in Latin America is addressed and understood. Previous approaches have relied on structural perspectives, attributing the problem of violence to Latin America's colonial past or its conflictual contemporary politics. Bringing together scholars and practitioners, this volume argues that violence is often rooted more in contingent outcomes than in deeply embedded structures. Addressing topics ranging from the root sources of violence in Haiti to kidnapping in Colombia, from the role of property rights in patterns of violence to the challenges of peacebuilding, The Politics of Violence in Latin America is an essential step towards understanding the causes and contexts of violence-and changing the mechanisms that produce it.

Author : Sebastian Huhn,Hannes Warnecke-Berger
Publisher : Springer
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781349950676

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Politics and History of Violence and Crime in Central America by Sebastian Huhn,Hannes Warnecke-Berger Pdf

This book highlights historical explanations to and roots of present phenomena of violence, insecurity, and law enforcement in Central America. Violence and crime are among the most discussed topics in Central America today, and sensationalism and fear of crime is as present as the increase of private security, the re-militarization of law enforcement, political populism, and mano dura policies. The contributors to this volume discuss historical forms, paths, continuities, and changes of violence and its public and political discussion in the region. This book thus offers in-depth analysis of different patterns of violence, their reproduction over time, their articulation in the present, and finally their discursive mobilization.

Author : Michael Shifter
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
Page : 59 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780876095485

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Countering Criminal Violence in Central America by Michael Shifter Pdf

In this Council Special Report, sponsored by the Center for Preventive Action, Shifter assesses the causes and consequences of the violence faced by several Central American countries, and examines the national, regional, and international efforts intended to curb its worst effects.

Author : H. Hugo Frühling,Joseph S. Tulchin,Heather Golding
Publisher : Woodrow Wilson Center Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2003-06-02
Category : History
ISBN : 0801873843

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Crime and Violence in Latin America by H. Hugo Frühling,Joseph S. Tulchin,Heather Golding Pdf

Offers timely discussion by attorneys, government officials, policy analysts, and academics from the United States and Latin America of the responses of the state, civil society, and the international community to threats of violence and crime.

Author : Oscar Martinez
Publisher : National Geographic Books
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781784781712

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A History of Violence by Oscar Martinez Pdf

“A necessary read.” —Los Angeles Review of Books “A chilling portrait of corruption, unimaginable brutality and impunity.” —Financial Times This revelatory and heartbreaking immersion into the lives of people enduring extreme violence in Central America is a powerful call for immigration policy reform in the United States El Salvador and Honduras have had the highest homicide rates in the world over the past ten years, with Guatemala close behind. Every day more than 1,000 people—men, women, and children—flee these three countries for North America. Óscar Martínez, author of The Beast, named one of the best books of the year by the Economist, Mother Jones, and the Financial Times, fleshes out these stark figures with true stories, producing a jarringly beautiful and immersive account of life in deadly locations. Martínez travels to Nicaraguan fishing towns, southern Mexican brothels where Central American women are trafficked, isolated Guatemalan jungle villages, and crime-ridden Salvadoran slums. With his precise and empathetic reporting, he explores the underbelly of these troubled places. He goes undercover to drink with narcos, accompanies police patrols, rides in trafficking boats and hides out with a gang informer. The result is an unforgettable portrait of a region of fear and a subtle analysis of the North American roots and reach of the crisis, helping to explain why this history of violence should matter to all of us.

Author : Oscar Martinez
Publisher : Verso Books
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781784781699

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A History of Violence by Oscar Martinez Pdf

This is a book about one of the deadliest places in the world El Salvador and Honduras have had the highest homicide rates in the world over the past ten years, with Guatemala close behind. Every day more than 1,000 people—men, women, and children—flee these three countries for North America. Óscar Martínez, author of The Beast, named one of the best books of the year by the Economist, Mother Jones, and the Financial Times, fleshes out these stark figures with true stories, producing a jarringly beautiful and immersive account of life in deadly locations. Martínez travels to Nicaraguan fishing towns, southern Mexican brothels where Central American women are trafficked, isolated Guatemalan jungle villages, and crime-ridden Salvadoran slums. With his precise and empathetic reporting, he explores the underbelly of these troubled places. He goes undercover to drink with narcos, accompanies police patrols, rides in trafficking boats and hides out with a gang informer. The result is an unforgettable portrait of a region of fear and a subtle analysis of the North American roots and reach of the crisis, helping to explain why this history of violence should matter to all of us.

Author : Clare Ribando Seelke
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2010-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781437927634

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Gangs in Central America by Clare Ribando Seelke Pdf

Contents: (1) Background on Violent Crime; (2) Scope of the Gang Problem: Defining Gangs; Transnational Gangs; Factors Exacerbating the Gang Problem; Poverty and a Lack of Educ. and Employ. Opport.; Societal Stigmas; Role of the Media; Anti-Gang Law Enforce. Efforts; Prisons in Need of Reform; U.S. Deportations; (3) Country Anti-Gang Efforts: Mano Dura (Heavy-Handed) Anti-Gang Policies; Effects of Mano Dura Policies?; Alternative Approaches; Prospects for Country Prevention and Rehab. Efforts; Regional and Multilateral Efforts; OAS; Multilateral Develop. Banks and Donor Agencies; (4) U.S. Policy: Congressional Interest; U.S. Internat. Anti-Gang Efforts; State Dept.; Justice Dept.; USAID; Policy Approaches and Concerns.

Author : Tina Hilgers,Laura Macdonald
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107193178

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Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean by Tina Hilgers,Laura Macdonald Pdf

This volume examines violence across Latin America and the Caribbean to demonstrate the importance of subnational analysis over national aggregates.

Author : Laura Chioda
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781464806650

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Stop the Violence in Latin America by Laura Chioda Pdf

The Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region has the undesirable distinction of being the world's most violent region, with 24.7 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. The magnitude of the problem is staggering and persistent. Of the top 50 most violent cities in the world, 42 are in LAC. In 2010 alone, 142,302 people in LAC fell victim to homicide, representing 390 homicides per day and 4.06 homicides every 15 minutes. Crime disproportionately affects young men aged 20 to 24, whose homicide rate of 92 per 100,000 nearly quadruples that of the region. The focus of Crime Prevention in Latin America and the Caribben is to identify policy interventions that, whether by design or indirect effect, have been shown to affect antisocial behavior early in life and patterns of criminal offending in youth and adults. Particular attention is devoted to recent studies that rigorously establish a causal link between the interventions in question and outcomes. This publication adopts a lifecycle perspective and argues that as individuals progress through different stages of the lifecycle, not only do different sets of risk factors arise and take more prominence, but their interactions and interdependencies shape human behavior. These interactions and the relative importance of different sets of risk factors identify relevant margins that can effectively be targeted by prevention policies, not only early in life, but throughout the lifecycle. Indeed prevention can never start too early, nor start too late, nor be too comprehensive.

Author : Kees Koonings,Dirk Kruijt
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781780324593

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Violence and Resilience in Latin American Cities by Kees Koonings,Dirk Kruijt Pdf

Why are Latin American cities amongst the most violent in the world? Over the past decades Latin America has not only become the most urbanised of the regions of the so-called global South, it has also been the scene of the urbanisation of poverty and exclusion. Overall regional homicides rates are the highest in the world, a fact closely related to the spread and use of firearms by male youths, who are frequently involved in local and translocal forms of organised crime. In response, governments and law enforcements agencies have been facing mounting pressure to address violence through repressive strategies, which in turn has led to a number of consequences: law enforcement is often based on excessive violence and the victimisation of entire marginal populations. Thus, the dynamics of violence have generated a widespread perception of insecurity and fear. Featuring much original fieldwork across a broad array of case studies, this cutting edge volume focuses on questions not only of crime, insecurity and violence but also of Latin American cities’ ability to respond to these problems in creative and productive ways.

Author : Robert H. Holden
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2006-02-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9780195310207

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Armies Without Nations by Robert H. Holden Pdf

Public violence, a persistent feature of Latin American life since the collapse of Iberian rule in the 1820s, has been especially prominent in Central America. Robert H. Holden shows how public violence shaped the states that have governed Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Linking public violence and patrimonial political cultures, he shows how the early states improvised their authority by bargaining with armed bands or montoneras. Improvisation continued into the twentieth century as the bands were gradually superseded by semi-autonomous national armies, and as new agents of public violence emerged in the form of armed insurgencies and death squads. World War II, Holden argues, set into motion the globalization of public violence. Its most dramatic manifestation in Central America was the surge in U.S. military and police collaboration with the governments of the region, beginning with the Lend-Lease program of the 1940s and continuing through the Cold War. Although the scope of public violence had already been established by the people of the Central American countries, globalization intensified the violence and inhibited attempts to shrink its scope. Drawing on archival research in all five countries as well as in the United States, Holden elaborates the connections among the national, regional, and international dimensions of public violence. Armies Without Nations crosses the borders of Central American, Latin American, and North American history, providing a model for the study of global history and politics. Armies without Nations was a CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title for 2005.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere (2007- )
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Social Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105050460315

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Violence in Central America by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere (2007- ) Pdf

Author : Caroline O. N. Moser,Ailsa Winton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Central America
ISBN : 0850035961

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Violence in the Central American Region by Caroline O. N. Moser,Ailsa Winton Pdf

Components of the Framework

Author : Cristina Eguizábel,Matthew C. Ingram,Karise M. Curtis,Aaron Korthuis,Olson,Nicholas Phillips,Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Crime prevention
ISBN : 1938027426

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Crime and Violence in Central America's Northern Triangle by Cristina Eguizábel,Matthew C. Ingram,Karise M. Curtis,Aaron Korthuis,Olson,Nicholas Phillips,Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Pdf

The countries of Central America's Northern Triangle, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, face challenges ranging from some of the world's highest homicide rates, rampant extortion, communities controlled by youth gangs, domestic violence, impunity for most crimes, as well as economic despair and lack of opportunity. Over the past year, the Woodrow Wilson Center's Latin American Program has undertaken an extensive review of the principal United States security assistance program for the region, the Central America Regional Security Initiative (CARSI). This review has focused on the major security challenges in the Northern Triangle countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras and how CARSI seeks to address these. This publication includes country reports on each country including a review of the current in-country security context, as well as assessing CARSI's effectiveness for addressing these challenges. The report also includes a chapter providing an in-depth analysis of the geographic distribution of homicides and an examination of how such an analysis can help policy makers design more effective targeted strategies to lower violence. A final chapter outlining policy options for the future completes the report.

Author : Gema Santamaría,David Carey
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9780806158815

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Violence and Crime in Latin America by Gema Santamaría,David Carey Pdf

According to media reports, Latin America is one of the most violent regions in the world—a distinction it held throughout the twentieth century. The authors of Violence and Crime in Latin America contend that perceptions and representations of violence and crime directly impact such behaviors, creating profound consequences for the political and social fabric of Latin American nations. Written by distinguished scholars of Latin American history, sociology, anthropology, and political science, the essays in this volume range from Mexico and Argentina to Colombia and Brazil in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, addressing such issues as extralegal violence in Mexico, the myth of indigenous criminality in Guatemala, and governments’ selective blindness to violent crime in Brazil and Jamaica. The authors in this collection examine not only the social construction and political visibility of violence and crime in Latin America, but the justifications for them as well. Analytically and historically, these essays show how Latin American citizens have sanctioned criminal and violent practices and incorporated them into social relations, everyday practices, and institutional settings. At the same time, the authors explore the power struggles that inform distinctions between illegitimate versus legitimate violence. Violence and Crime in Latin America makes a substantive contribution to understanding a key problem facing Latin America today. In its historical depth and ethnographic reach, this original and thought-provoking volume enhances our understanding of crime and violence throughout the Western Hemisphere.