World Economic Outlook April 2020

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World Economic Outlook, April 2020

International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
World Economic Outlook April 2020 Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1513539744

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World Economic Outlook, April 2020 by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic is inflicting high and rising human costs worldwide, and the necessary protection measures are severely impacting economic activity. As a result of the pandemic, the global economy is projected to contract sharply by –3 percent in 2020, much worse than during the 2008–09 financial crisis. In a baseline scenario--which assumes that the pandemic fades in the second half of 2020 and containment efforts can be gradually unwound--the global economy is projected to grow by 5.8 percent in 2021 as economic activity normalizes, helped by policy support. The risks for even more severe outcomes, however, are substantial. Effective policies are essential to forestall the possibility of worse outcomes, and the necessary measures to reduce contagion and protect lives are an important investment in long-term human and economic health. Because the economic fallout is acute in specific sectors, policymakers will need to implement substantial targeted fiscal, monetary, and financial market measures to support affected households and businesses domestically. And internationally, strong multilateral cooperation is essential to overcome the effects of the pandemic, including to help financially constrained countries facing twin health and funding shocks, and for channeling aid to countries with weak health care systems.

World Economic Outlook, April 2020

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.,International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
World Economic Outlook April 2020 Book PDF

Author : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.,International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1513550713

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World Economic Outlook, April 2020 by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.,International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic is inflicting high and rising human costs worldwide, and the necessary protection measures are severely impacting economic activity. As a result of the pandemic, the global economy is projected to contract sharply by -3 percent in 2020, much worse than during the 2008-09 financial crisis. In a baseline scenario--which assumes that the pandemic fades in the second half of 2020 and containment efforts can be gradually unwound--the global economy is projected to grow by 5.8 percent in 2021 as economic activity normalizes, helped by policy support. The risks for even more severe outcomes, however, are substantial. Effective policies are essential to forestall the possibility of worse outcomes, and the necessary measures to reduce contagion and protect lives are an important investment in long-term human and economic health. Because the economic fallout is acute in specific sectors, policymakers will need to implement substantial targeted fiscal, monetary, and financial market measures to support affected households and businesses domestically. And internationally, strong multilateral cooperation is essential to overcome the effects of the pandemic, including to help financially constrained countries facing twin health and funding shocks, and for channeling aid to countries with weak health care systems.

OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2020 Issue 1

OECD
OECD Economic Outlook Volume 2020 Issue 1 Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264700611

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OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2020 Issue 1 by OECD Pdf

The OECD Economic Outlook is the OECD's twice-yearly analysis of the major economic trends and prospects for the next two years. This issue includes a general assessment of the macroeconomic situation, a series of notes on the macroeconomic and structural policy issues related to the COVID-19 outbreak and a chapter summarising developments and providing projections for each individual country.

World Economic Outlook, October 2019

International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
World Economic Outlook October 2019 Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513516172

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World Economic Outlook, October 2019 by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

Global growth is forecast at 3.0 percent for 2019, its lowest level since 2008–09 and a 0.3 percentage point downgrade from the April 2019 World Economic Outlook.

OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2011 Issue 1

OECD
OECD Economic Outlook Volume 2011 Issue 1 Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2011-07-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9264063471

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OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2011 Issue 1 by OECD Pdf

In addition to the usual macroeconomic and country assessments and statistical annex with projection data, this issue of the OECD Economic Outlook also includes special chapters on the persistence of high unemployment and drivers and vulnerabilities associated with international capital flows.

Regional Economic Outlook, April 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa

International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Regional Economic Outlook April 2020 Sub Saharan Africa Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 67 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781513536835

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Regional Economic Outlook, April 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

Sub-Saharan Africa is facing an unprecedented health and economic crisis that threatens to throw the region off its stride, reversing the encouraging development progress of recent years. Furthermore, by exacting a heavy human toll, upending livelihoods, and damaging business and government balance sheets, the crisis threatens to retard the region’s growth prospects in the years to come. Previous crises tended to impact affect countries in the region differentially, but no country will be spared this time.

Fiscal Monitor, April 2020

International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Fiscal Monitor April 2020 Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 145 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513537511

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Fiscal Monitor, April 2020 by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. Pdf

Chapter 1 argues that fiscal policies are at the forefront of responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Fiscal measures can save lives, protect the most-affected people and firms from the economic impact of the pandemic, and prevent the health crisis from turning into a deep long-lasting slump. A key priority is to fully accommodate spending on health and emergency services. Global coordination is for a universally low-cost vaccine and to support countries with limited health capacity. Large, temporary and targeted support is urgently needed for affected workers and firms until the emergency abates. As the shutdowns end, broad-based, coordinated fiscal stimulus—where financing conditions permit—will become more effective in fostering the recovery. Chapter 2 argues that fiscal policies are at the forefront of facilitating an economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic once the Great Lockdown ends. Policymakers can achieve this objective with IDEAS: Invest for the future—in health systems, infrastructure, low carbon technologies, education, and research; adopt well-planned Discretionary policies that can be deployed quickly; and Enhance Automatic Stabilizers, which are built-in budgetary tax and spending measures that automatically stabilize incomes and consumption. Importantly, improving unemployment benefit systems and social safety nets can protect household incomes from adverse shocks and strengthen resilience against future epidemics. Over the past decade, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have doubled in importance among the world’s largest corporations. They often deliver basic services such as water, electricity, and loans for families and small businesses. At their best, they can help promote higher economic growth and achieve development goals. However, many are a burden to taxpayers and the economy. Chapter 3 discusses what governments can do to get the most out of SOEs. This includes ensuring the firm’s managers have the right incentives and there is effective oversight. It also requires a high degree of transparency of their activities.

World Economic Outlook, April 2014

International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
World Economic Outlook April 2014 Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484308349

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World Economic Outlook, April 2014 by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

Global activity has broadly strengthened and is expected to improve further in 2014–15, according to the April 2014 WEO, with much of the impetus for growth coming from advanced economies. Although downside risks have diminished overall, lower-than-expected inflation poses risks for advanced economies, there is increased financial volatility in emerging market economies, and increases in the cost of capital will likely dampen investment and weigh on growth. Advanced economy policymakers need to avoid a premature withdrawal of monetary accommodation. Emerging market economy policymakers must adopt measures to changing fundamentals, facilitate external adjustment, further monetary policy tightening, and carry out structural reforms. The report includes a chapter that analyzes the causes of worldwide decreases in real interest rates since the 1980s and concludes that global rates can be expected to rise in the medium term, but only moderately. Another chapter examines factors behind the fluctuations in emerging market economies’ growth and concludes that strong growth in China played a key role in buffering the effects of the global financial crisis in these economies.

World Economic Outlook, October 2020

International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
World Economic Outlook October 2020 Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1513556053

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World Economic Outlook, October 2020 by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

The global economy is climbing out from the depths to which it had plummeted during the Great Lockdown in April. But with the COVID-19 pandemic continuing to spread, many countries have slowed reopening and some are reinstating partial lockdowns to protect susceptible populations. While recovery in China has been faster than expected, the global economy’s long ascent back to pre-pandemic levels of activity remains prone to setbacks.

World Economic Outlook, October 2018

International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
World Economic Outlook October 2018 Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484376799

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World Economic Outlook, October 2018 by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

Global growth for 2018–19 is projected to remain steady at its 2017 level, but its pace is less vigorous than projected in April and it has become less balanced. Downside risks to global growth have risen in the past six months and the potential for upside surprises has receded. Global growth is projected at 3.7 percent for 2018–19—0.2 percentage point lower for both years than forecast in April. The downward revision reflects surprises that suppressed activity in early 2018 in some major advanced economies, the negative effects of the trade measures implemented or approved between April and mid-September, as well as a weaker outlook for some key emerging market and developing economies arising from country-specific factors, tighter financial conditions, geopolitical tensions, and higher oil import bills. The balance of risks to the global growth forecast has shifted to the downside in a context of elevated policy uncertainty. Several of the downside risks highlighted in the April 2018 World Economic Outlook (WEO)—such as rising trade barriers and a reversal of capital flows to emerging market economies with weaker fundamentals and higher political risk—have become more pronounced or have partially materialized. Meanwhile, the potential for upside surprises has receded, given the tightening of financial conditions in some parts of the world, higher trade costs, slow implementation of reforms recommended in the past, and waning growth momentum.

Global Economic Prospects, January 2020

World Bank Group
Global Economic Prospects January 2020 Book PDF

Author : World Bank Group
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 561 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-01-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464814693

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Global Economic Prospects, January 2020 by World Bank Group Pdf

Global growth is projected to be slightly faster in 2020 than the post-crisis low registered last year. While growth could be stronger if reduced trade tensions lead to a sustained reduction in uncertainty, the balance of risks to the outlook is to the downside. Growth in emerging market and developing economies is also expected to remain subdued, continuing a decade of disappointing outcomes. A steep and widespread productivity growth slowdown has been underway in these economies since the global financial crisis, despite the largest, fastest, and most broad-based accumulation of debt since the 1970s. In addition, many emerging market and developing economies, including low-income countries, face the challenge of phasing out price controls that impose heavy fiscal cost and dampen investment. These circumstances add urgency to the need to implement measures to rebuild macroeconomic policy space and to undertake reforms to rekindle productivity growth. These efforts need to be supplemented by policies to promote inclusive and sustainable long-term growth and accelerate poverty alleviation. Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report that examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on emerging market and developing countries, on a semiannual basis (in January and June). The January edition includes in-depth analyses of topical policy challenges faced by these economies, whereas the June edition contains shorter analytical pieces.

World Economic Outlook, October 2020

International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
World Economic Outlook October 2020 Book PDF

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-12-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1513561774

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World Economic Outlook, October 2020 by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

The global economy is climbing out from the depths to which it had plummeted during the Great Lockdown in April. But with the COVID-19 pandemic continuing to spread, many countries have slowed reopening and some are reinstating partial lockdowns to protect susceptible populations. While recovery in China has been faster than expected, the global economy’s long ascent back to pre-pandemic levels of activity remains prone to setbacks.

The Early Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International Trade and the World Economy

Tardzenyuy Achileus
The Early Effects of the COVID 19 Pandemic on International Trade and the World Economy Book PDF

Author : Tardzenyuy Achileus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2023-03-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3346925242

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The Early Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International Trade and the World Economy by Tardzenyuy Achileus Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, language: English, abstract: This text discusses the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on international trade and the world economy, focussing both on importing and exporting countries. First, the paper gives an overview of the general global impact of the pandemic, before discussing the economic effects on international trade. It then addresses an increase in trade costs and a decrease in productivity, as well as the impact travel restrictions had on the economy. The next part focusses on importing and exporting countries and lists the effects the pandemic and its restrictions had on both groups, respectively. In the final part, the paper elaborates on other ways in which COVID-19 has had an impact on the world economy, such as the loss of jobs because of business closures, therefore increased poverty and, as a consequence thereof, reduced purchasing power in the population. The coronavirus causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the pandemic on 11 March 2020. According to the WHO website, as of 16 May 2020, more than 300,000 deaths from COVID-19 have been reported worldwide. To slow the spread of the coronavirus, many countries have imposed some form of restriction on people and businesses. Several countries have declared citywide or nationwide lockdowns. Also, many countries have imposed an entry ban on foreigners. Such restrictions have seriously harmed the world economy. For example, China's economy shrank by 6.8% in the first quarter of 2020. This decrease is the first contraction since 1992, when China began releasing its GDP data. According to the World Economic Outlook, April 2020 by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the global economy is projected to sharply contract by -3% in 2020.

After-Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for Medium-Term Economic Damage

Mr. Philip Barrett,Mr. Sonali Das,Giacomo Magistretti,Evgenia Pugacheva,Mr. Philippe Wingender
After Effects of the COVID 19 Pandemic Prospects for Medium Term Economic Damage Book PDF

Author : Mr. Philip Barrett,Mr. Sonali Das,Giacomo Magistretti,Evgenia Pugacheva,Mr. Philippe Wingender
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-07-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513587905

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After-Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for Medium-Term Economic Damage by Mr. Philip Barrett,Mr. Sonali Das,Giacomo Magistretti,Evgenia Pugacheva,Mr. Philippe Wingender Pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a severe global recession with differential impacts within and across countries. This paper examines the possible persistent effects (scarring) of the pandemic on the economy and the channels through which they may occur. History suggests that deep recessions often leave long-lived scars, particularly to productivity. Importantly, financial instabilities—typically associated with worse scarring—have been largely avoided in the current crisis so far. While medium-term output losses are anticipated to be lower than after the global financial crisis, they are still expected to be substantial. The degree of expected scarring varies across countries, depending on the structure of economies and the size of the policy response. Emerging market and developing economies are expected to suffer more scarring than advanced economies.

Economic Gains From Gender Inclusion

Mr.Jonathan David Ostry,Jorge Alvarez,Mr.Raphael A Espinoza,Mr.Chris Papageorgiou
Economic Gains From Gender Inclusion Book PDF

Author : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry,Jorge Alvarez,Mr.Raphael A Espinoza,Mr.Chris Papageorgiou
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484379721

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Economic Gains From Gender Inclusion by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry,Jorge Alvarez,Mr.Raphael A Espinoza,Mr.Chris Papageorgiou Pdf

While progress has been made in increasing female labor force participation (FLFP) in the last 20 years, large gaps remain. The latest Fund research shows that improving gender diversity can result in larger economic gains than previously thought. Indeed, gender diversity brings benefits all its own. Women bring new skills to the workplace. This may reflect social norms and their impact on upbringing and social interactions, or underlying differences in risk preference and response to incentives for example. As such, there is an economic benefit from diversity, that is from bringing women into the labor force, over and above the benefit resulting from more (male) workers. The study finds that male and female labor are imperfect substitutes in production, and therefore gender differences in the labor force matter. The results also imply that standard models, which ignore such differences, understate the favorable impact of gender inclusion on growth, and misattribute to technology a part of growth that is actually caused by women’s participation. The study further suggests that narrowing gender gaps benefits both men and women, because of a boost to male wages from higher FLFP. The paper also examines the role of women in the process of sectoral reallocation from traditional agriculture to services and the resulting effect on productivity and growth. Because FLFP is relatively high in services, sectoral reallocation along development paths serves to boost gender parity and productivity.