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A disaggregated social accounting matrix by Al-Riffai, Perrihan,Moussa, Suzane,Khalil, Amani,Hussein, Fayza,Serag, Eman,Hassan, Naglaa,Fathy, Ahmed,Samieh, Asmaa,ElSarawy, Mahmoud,Farouk, Embareka,Souliman, Saad, Abdel-Ghafour, Amani Pdf
The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) is pleased to present a disaggregated version of the Egypt SAM for 2010/11. This new SAM builds on the previous SAM 2010/11 built and published by CAPMAS with the support of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). The value added of this new disaggregated version of the SAM is its focus on the agricultural sector and different types of households. By disaggregating the single agricultural sector into 22 agricultural sub-sectors and the single household of the previous SAM into 20 household groups, defined by expenditure decile and rural or urban residence, the disaggregated SAM now allows for analyzing agricultural issues at the detailed crop level and to better understand the potential im-pacts of policy changes for both better off and more vulnerable households.
2015 Social Accounting Matrix for Tanzania: A Nexus Project SAM by Randriamamonjy, Josée,Thurlow, James Pdf
The purpose of this paper is used to document the different steps followed to construct the 2010/11 Social Accounting Matrix for Ethiopia. The SAM is an extension of the Standard Nexus Structure. It consists of 63 activity sectors, 67 commodity sectors, three types of factors of production: labor (rural and urban disaggregated by level of education), land, and capital (disaggregated by crops, livestock, mining and other sectors). The household sector is divided spatially into urban and rural households. Rural households are further disaggregated into households that earn crop and/or livestock incomes (i.e., farm households) and those that do no earn incomes from either source (i.e., nonfarm households). Households are further disaggregated into per capita expenditure quintiles. This SAM allows analyzing issues at the detailed level and to better understand the potential impacts of policy changes for both better off and more vulnerable households.
Social Accounting Matrices and Multiplier Analysis by Clemens Breisinger,Marcelle Thomas,James Thurlow Pdf
This training guide introduces development practitioners, policy analysts, and students to social accounting matrices (SAMs) and their use in policy analysis. There are already a number of books that explain the System of National Accounts and SAM multipliers-some of these are recommended at the end of this training guide. However, most books tend to be quite technical and move quickly from an introduction to more complex applications. By contrast, this guidebook uses a series of hands-on exercises to gradually introduce SAMs and multiplier analysis. It therefore complements more theoretical SAM and multiplier literature and provides a first step for development practitioners and students wishing to understand the strengths and limitations of these economic tools. It is also useful for policy analysts and researchers embarking on more complex SAM-based methodologies. One such methodology is computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling, for which IFPRI has also developed a series of introductory exercises and a standard modeling framework.To download the exercises, go to www.ifpri.org/publication/social-accounting-matrices-and-multiplier-analysis
The Use of a Social Accounting Matrix Framework for Public Sector Analysis by Boris Pleskovic,Gustavo Treviño Pdf
Case study applying a national accounting input output analysis matrix to the public sector in Mexico - investigates economic structure by deriving economic indicators from a macroeconomics framework; uses multiplier analysis to assess the economic implications of economic policys relating to investment, export and consumption; reviews the econometric model; summarizes research needs. Bibliography, statistical tables.
Social Accounting for Industrial and Transition Economies by Solomon I Cohen Pdf
This title was first published in 2002: Showing how the social accounting matrix provides a comprehensive framework for the analysis and tabulation of national statistics and how it can assist in developing economic policy, this work also demonstrates the key aspects of this approach in dealing with a wide range of economic and social issues. The reference, and the accompanying volume, "Social Accounting and Economic Modelling for Developing Countries" should be useful for researchers, instructors, policy makers and scholars.
Regionalized Social Accounting Matrix for Yemen: A 2014 Nexus project SAM by Raouf, Mariam,Randriamamonjy, Josée,Engelke, Wilfried,Kebsi, Tarek Al,Tandon, Sharad A.,Wiebelt, Manfred,Breisinger, Clemens Pdf
A Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) is a representation of an economy that shows the circular flow of all transfers and real transactions between sectors and institutions. The SAM, which is a square matrix, describes the flows of incomes from activities, taking the form of factor remunerations, that are consequently received by the households for consumption on goods and services. The accounts in the SAM are the production activities, commodities, institutions, and factors of production. According to data availability, the production activities can be further disaggregated to include more detailed information on sub-sectoral or regional production. Similarly, the factors of production could be differentiated by the level of skills or the location of employment. Households can be disaggregated by income quintiles or by rural and urban residence.
2015 regionalized social accounting matrix for Tunisia: A nexus project SAM by Salhine, Rim Ben,Younes, Anis Ben,El Kadhi, Zouhair,Jebali, Belhassen,Raouf, Mariam Pdf
A Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) is an accounting framework that gives a quantitative overview of the structure of the economy over a given time period. It records all transactions between economic agents, while respecting the principles of circularity of flows and balance between revenues and expenditures for each account. The level of disaggregation of accounts in the matrix varies according to the analyses to be undertaken and data availability. The accounts in a national SAM generally are production activities, commodities, institutions, and factors of production. For economic analyses and planning, a more detailed SAM is constructed. These involve disaggregation of activities, households, and factors of production from the more general national SAM. In such matrices, the national economy often will also be disaggregated into sub-national regions. Such SAMs provide rich datasets to help decision-makers in developing, designing, and evaluating regional economic and investment policies. As part of the technical cooperation within the (Arab) Agricultural Investment Development Analyzer (AIDA) project, which aims to develop tools for planning and evaluating investment projects in the agricultural sector, the Institut Tunisien de la Compétitivité et des Etudes Quantitatives (ITCEQ – the Tunisian Institute of Competitiveness and Quantitative Studies), in collaboration with the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), have built a regionalized SAM of the Tunisian economy with detailed disaggregation at the sector, product, household, and regional levels. This SAM has been constructed using IFPRI's Nexus format, which uses common data standards, procedures, and classification systems for constructing and updating national SAMs. The regionalized SAM for Tunisia was built using national accounts statistics for the country, the Supply and Use Tables for 2015, which are produced by the National Institute of Statistics (NIS). The regionalized matrix is constructed in three steps – national, household, and regional. • The national 2015 SAM for Tunisia includes 46 sectors and 46 products. • For the household SAM, factors of production are split into 13 categories. Capital is disaggregated into four subcategories: crops, livestock, mining, and other. Land is a separate factor of production category. Labor is disaggregated into four education-level categories and across rural and urban areas. For the household SAM, household accounts are split into 15 categories by rural farm, rural nonfarm, and urban categories and then by national per capita expenditure quintiles. • For the regionalized SAM, sectoral production, production factors, and household groups are disaggregated into seven subnational regions: Greater Tunis, North East, North West, Center East, Center West, South East, and South West. The regional 2015 SAM in total has 105 household groups and is composed of 513 rows x 513 columns.
First regionalized social accounting matrix for Egypt: A 2015 nexus project social accounting matrix by Randriamamonjy, Josée,Raouf, Mariam,Thurlow, James Pdf
The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) is pleased to present the first regionalized social accounting matrix (SAM) for Egypt. This SAM marks a major milestone in “localizing” development research and policy in Egypt and is expected to be most valuable for the development, implementation, and assessment of Egypt’s national and local development plans, like Egypt’s Sustainable Development Strategy 2030. In addition to standard SAMs, which combine many national datasets from institutions such as Central Banks, Ministries of Finance and Agriculture, and Statistical Bureaus, this regionalized SAM makes extensive use of sub-national level information such as the Economic Survey and Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIECS) produced by CAPMAS, regional GDP estimates by the Ministry of Planning, Monitoring and Administrative Reform, and the Agricultural Bulletins with information at the Governorate level produced by the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. With this data it becomes possible to provide a detailed, socioeconomic status update for different regions within Egypt. As such, the disaggregated SAM allows for analyzing developmental issues at regional level and to better understand the potential impacts of policy changes at the local level.
A 2019 nexus social accounting matrix for Sudan by Randriamamonjy, Josée,Raouf, Mariam,Siddig, Khalid Pdf
Nexus SAMs aims to improve the quality and standardize the construction process of SAMs using a standard toolkit that enables tracing data sources and assumptions. The unified structure of nexus SAMs allows for more robust cross-country comparisons of economies, especially the sectoral composition, allocation of government spending and trade orientation. The 2019 SAM for Sudan is a snapshot capturing the structure of the Sudanese Economy and depicting the different transactions between the production activities, factors of production and other income generating and consuming entities in the economy besides the good and services (produced and consumed). The circular flow of income is completed by including the accounts for enterprises, government, and rest of the world. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) relied on both international and local data sources to develop the first Nexus SAM for Sudan for the year 2019. The leading domestic data sources are the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the Central Bank of Sudan (CBoS), the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MFEP) and the Ministry of Human Resources Development and Labor (MHRDL). Like other Nexus SAMs, the Sudan SAM puts a strong emphasis on the household accounts by providing details on both income and expenditure sides as well as savings. We used a household income and expenditure survey to disaggregate the household account into income deciles both in rural and urban areas. The SAM also provides disaggregated representation of production activities including 77 activities producing 79 commodities. Production factors included in the Nexus SAM for Sudan are labor, capital, and land. Labor is further classified by location to rural and urban, by gender to male and female, and by the level education to unskilled, semi-skilled and skilled labor. Land and capital factors are left without further disaggregation.
Social Accounting and Economic Modelling for Developing Countries by S.I. Cohen Pdf
This title was first published in 2002. Providing the first comprehensive systematic assessment of the social accounting matrix (SAM) in twenty developing countries, Solomon Cohen introduces key research in the area and looks at its practical applications. Divided into two parts, the first part of each chapter: -Deals with the construction and structural analysis of the SAM -Examines refinements of the SAM as a self-contained model of the economy; study of SAM multipliers of growth and distribution -Explores decompositions of multiplier effects and cross-country and inter-temporal comparative analysis of changing economic structures. The second part looks at the SAM as a modular framework and a database, which can be flexibly used in economic policy modelling. This valuable reference, and the accompanying volume Social Accounting or Industrial and Transition Economies will be an essential addition to the bookshelves of researchers, instructors, policy makers, scholars and libraries.
2014 Social Accounting Matrix for Lao PDR: A Nexus Project SAM by Pradesha, Angga Pdf
The 2014 Laos Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI's Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI's website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.
Accounting for Economic Development and Social Change by S. J. Keuning Pdf
The relevance of applied economic and social analysis stands or falls with the strength of the analytical tools, on the one hand, and the appropriateness of the underlying data framework, on the other hand. Whereas virtually all economic and sociological research focuses on the analytical tools, this book deals with the design of an appropriate data framework. In many countries, it is not so much a lack of data per se that is the problem. Official statistics often comprise a wealth of information, laid down in many different publications. The main difficulty then relates to the lack of integration of these statistics, so that all kinds of events that are interrelated in reality can only be studied in isolation. Of course, the lack of integration of statistics applies less to economic data, as the national accounts function as a coordinating information system for these data. In fact, an important aim of this book is to demonstrate that the basic principles of national accounts can and should be extended to a wider range of statistics, notably social and environmental statistics. For this purpose, a so-called System of Economic and Social Accounting Matrices and Extensions (SESAME) is designed and applied in this book, following its announcement in the 1993 System of National Accounts, the guidelines of the United Nations and other international organizations.
2017/18 Social Accounting Matrix for India by Pal, Barun Deb,Pradesha, Angga,Thurlow, James Pdf
The purpose of this document is to provide Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) database for Indian Economy for the year 2017-18. This SAM accounts 112 sectors of Indian economy of which 39 sectors are accounted for agriculture and allied activities, 18 sectors are related to agriculture based processing activities, 4 mining sectors, 24 manufacturing sectors other than agro-processing, 3 sectors related to utilities, 1 construction sector and 23 service sectors including transport and trade. The primary factor input has been classified into 8 types of labor, 4 types of capital and one category of land. The categorization of labor is based on the level of education of the workers and geographical location i.e. rural and urban. The 4 types of capital are; crop, live animal, mining and other financial capital. This SAM distinguishes households into three broad categories like, rural farm households, rural non-farm households and urban households. Households are further disaggregated into per capita expenditure quintiles. Therefore, this database is useful for the scholars and policy makers who are interested to work on macroeconomic policy analysis for Indian economy.
2019 social accounting matrix for Ghana: A Nexus project SAM by Ghana Statistical Services,Institute for Statistical, Social, and Economic Research,International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Pdf
The 2019 Ghana Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI's Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI's website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.
