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Author : William John Hurlin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Hydrologic models
ISBN : WISC:89105684294
Author : Venkataraman Lakshmi,John Albertson,John Schaake
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2001-01-09
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015061150143
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Water Science and Application Series, Volume 3. Land surface hydrology integrates various physical, chemical and biological processes that occur above, on, and below the surface of the Earth. As a result, it is critical to accurately account for land surface processes within predictive models of hydrology, meteorology, and climate. One of our main difficulties, however, concerns the broad range of spatial and temporal scales that characterize land surface hydrological processes. For example, we determine infiltration by pore scale physics, while soil hydraulic conductivity remains a field scale property. Photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration occur at the leaf scale. Runoff is a catchment scale process, and the variability of groundwater storage is a regional scale issue. Turbulence in land-atmosphere exchanges of heat, moisture, and momentum occur on the order of seconds to minutes, while variations in land surface and air temperatures occur much more gradually: on the order of hours. The persistence of floods and droughts is seasonal to annual, and so is the effect of El Nino on regional hydrology. Long-term climate effects occur much more slowly, on the order of years to decades.
Author : Thomas J. Schmugge,Jean-Claude Andre
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461230328
General circulation model (GCM) experiments in the late 1970's indicated that the climate is sensitive to variations in evaporation at the land surface. Thus, in the context of climate modeling, it became important to develop techniques which would realistically estimate the evaporation flux on land. Land Surface Evaporation: Measurement and Parameterization discusses strategies for the use of experimental data in developing and testing parameterization schemes of the evaporation flux in GCM's. The book reviews state-of-the-art techniques, such as remote sensing, which measure evaporation fluxes over continental surfaces. It evaluates their relevance with respect to the various spatial and temporal scales of interest. This book will provide researchers in climatology, meteorology, hydrology and water management, and remote sensing with a thorough overview of current research in land surface evaporation. It will also give young scientists insight into surface processes.
Author : Soroosh Sorooshian,Hoshin V. Gupta,John C. Rodda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642605673
General circulation models (GCMs) predict certain changes in the amounts and distribution of precipitation, but the conversion of these predictions of impacts on water resources presents novel problems in hydrologic modeling, particularly with regard to the scale of the processes involved. Therefore improved, distributed GCMs are required. New remote sensing technologies provide the necessary spatially distributed data. However, there are many attendant problems with the translation of remotely sensed signals into hydrologically relevant information. This book elucidates how to improve the representation of land surface hydrologic processes in GCMs and in regional and global scale climate studies. It is divided into five sections: Models and Data; Precipitation; Soil Moisture; Evapotranspiration; Runoff.
Author : Gongbing Peng,Lance M. Leslie,Yaping Shao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662048689
In this book the authors consider the natural environment as an integrated system. The physical, chemical and biological processes that govern the behaviour of the environmental system can thus be understood through mathematical modelling, and their evolution can be studied by means of numerical simulation. The book contains a summary of various efficient approaches in atmospheric prediction, such as numerical weather prediction and statistical forecast of climate change, as well as other successful methods in land surface modelling. The authors explore new theories and methods in environment prediction such as systems analysis and information theory. Attention is given to new achievements in remote sensing tele-metering and geographic information systems.
Author : Lev S. Kuchment ,Vijay P. Singh
Publisher : EOLSS Publications
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781848261983
Hydrological Systems Modeling is a component of Encyclopedia of Water Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. This 2-volume set contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, applications and extensive illustrations. It carries state-of-the-art knowledge in the fields of Hydrological Systems Modeling and is aimed, by virtue of the several applications, at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.
Author : A. J. Dolman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : 1901502619
Author : R. A. Feddes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1995-08-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521495080
This book presents the integrated contributions of hydrologists, meteorologists and ecologists to the first IHP/IAHS George Kovacs Colloquium in connection with the study of global hydrology and climate change. The atmospherical, hydrological and terrestrial components of the Earth's systems operate on different time and space scales. Resolving these scaling incongruities, as well as understanding and modelling the complex interaction of land surface processes at the different scales, represent a major challenge for hydrologists, ecologists and meteorological scientists alike. This book deals with time and space scale variations with reference to several topics including: soil water balance; ecosystems and interaction of flow systems; and macroscale hydrological modelling. This book will be of great use to researchers, engineers and forecasters with an interest in space and time scale variability.
Author : Jetse D. Kalma,Ian R. Calder,World Meteorological Organization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Hydrology
ISBN : UCSD:31822023211824
Author : Shailesh Kumar Singh,C.T. Dhanya
Publisher : Springer
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-02-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030021979
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges in hydrological modeling. Hydrology, on both a local and global scale, has undergone dramatic changes, largely due to variations in climate, population growth and the associated land-use and land-cover changes. Written by experts in the field, the book provides decision-makers with a better understanding of the science, impacts, and consequences of these climate and land-use changes on hydrology. Further, offering insights into how the changing behavior of hydrological processes, related uncertainties and their evolution affect the modeling process, it is of interest for all researchers and practitioners using hydrological modeling.
Author : Xun Zhu
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 644 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 9812387048
This book contains tutorial and review articles as well as specific research letters that cover a wide range of topics: (1) dynamics of atmospheric variability from both basic theory and data analysis, (2) physical and mathematical problems in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction, (3) theories of atmospheric radiative transfer and their applications in satellite remote sensing, and (4) mathematical and statistical methods. The book can be used by undergraduates or graduate students majoring in atmospheric sciences, as an introduction to various research areas; and by researchers and educators, as a general review or quick reference in their fields of interest.
Author : Richard Swinbank,Victor Shutyaev,William Albert Lahoz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401000291
Data assimilation is the combination of information from observations and models of a particular physical system in order to get the best possible estimate of the state of that system. The technique has wide applications across a range of earth sciences, a major application being the production of operational weather forecasts. Others include oceanography, atmospheric chemistry, climate studies, and hydrology. Data Assimilation for the Earth System is a comprehensive survey of both the theory of data assimilation and its application in a range of earth system sciences. Data assimilation is a key technique in the analysis of remote sensing observations and is thus particularly useful for those analysing the wealth of measurements from recent research satellites. This book is suitable for postgraduate students and those working on the application of data assimilation in meteorology, oceanography and other earth sciences.
Author : Changkuan Zhang,Hongwu Tang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 2335 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2010-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540894650
"Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering - Proceedings of 16th IAHR-APD Congress and 3rd Symposium of IAHR-ISHS" discusses some serious problems of sustainable development of human society related to water resources, disaster caused by flooding or draught, environment and ecology, and introduces latest research in river engineering and fluvial processes, estuarine and coastal hydraulics, hydraulic structures and hydropower hydraulics, etc. The proceedings covers new research achievements in the Asian-Pacific region in water resources, environmental ecology, river and coastal engineering, which are especially important for developing countries all over the world. This proceedings serves as a reference for researchers in the field of water resources, water quality, water pollution and water ecology. Changkuan Zhang and Hongwu Tang both are professors at Hohai University, China.
Author : Fotini K. Chow,Stephan F.J. De Wekker,Bradley J. Snyder
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 760 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-08-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400740983
This book provides readers with a broad understanding of the fundamental principles driving atmospheric flow over complex terrain and provides historical context for recent developments and future direction for researchers and forecasters. The topics in this book are expanded from those presented at the Mountain Weather Workshop, which took place in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada, August 5-8, 2008. The inspiration for the workshop came from the American Meteorological Society (AMS) Mountain Meteorology Committee and was designed to bridge the gap between the research and forecasting communities by providing a forum for extended discussion and joint education. For academic researchers, this book provides some insight into issues important to the forecasting community. For the forecasting community, this book provides training on fundamentals of atmospheric processes over mountainous regions, which are notoriously difficult to predict. The book also helps to provide a better understanding of current research and forecast challenges, including the latest contributions and advancements to the field. The book begins with an overview of mountain weather and forecasting chal- lenges specific to complex terrain, followed by chapters that focus on diurnal mountain/valley flows that develop under calm conditions and dynamically-driven winds under strong forcing. The focus then shifts to other phenomena specific to mountain regions: Alpine foehn, boundary layer and air quality issues, orographic precipitation processes, and microphysics parameterizations. Having covered the major physical processes, the book shifts to observation and modelling techniques used in mountain regions, including model configuration and parameterizations such as turbulence, and model applications in operational forecasting. The book concludes with a discussion of the current state of research and forecasting in complex terrain, including a vision of how to bridge the gap in the future.
Author : Xiangzheng Deng,Burak Güneralp,Jinyan Zhan,Hongbo Su
Publisher : Springer
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783642548765
This book introduces a key issue in research on the climatic impact of land cover and land use changes via terrestrial biogeophysical processes. The parameterization of surface processes and a systematic approach to modeling the climatic impacts of land use change are discussed respectively, and can be used to improve parameterization schemes for climate numerical models and to provide a systematic method, thus offering more scientific and enhanced support for research on the climatic effects of land use/cover change. Further, based on predictions and scenario analyses of land use changes in typical zones, the climatic impact of various types of changes in different areas can be simulated through climatic numerical modeling, the simulation results are suitable for use in climate mitigation, land use planning, urban development planning, etc. Thus, the book is intended for researchers and professionals working in the area of meteorology systems, climatic numerical modeling, climate change, and land use/cover change, as well as decision makers in meteorology and land use planning. Professor Xiangzheng Deng is a senior research fellow at the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
