A Participatory Approach For Hydrometeorological Monitoring In The Blue Nile River Basin Of Ethiopia

Author : Zemadim, B.,McCartney, M.,Langan, S.,Sharma, B.
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-08
Category : Hydrometeorology
ISBN : 9789290907824

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A participatory approach for hydrometeorological monitoring in the Blue Nile River Basin of Ethiopia by Zemadim, B.,McCartney, M.,Langan, S.,Sharma, B. Pdf

Participatory research is increasingly recognized as being useful for conducting multiple activities in research for development projects. The co-learning environment created in participatory research helps to identify existing social and technological gaps, and develop possible solutions to improve the livelihoods of rural communities. This report describes a participatory approach used in the establishment and implementation of hydrometeorological monitoring networks in the Blue Nile River Basin of Ethiopia. The networks were established with the involvement of rural communities and other stakeholders to gain insights into the hydrological processes of the watersheds, in order to improve rainwater management strategies. Local people were involved in the day-to-day management and maintenance of the networks. The participatory approach proved beneficial for several reasons, not least, because it instilled trust and goodwill amongst the communities.

Author : Assefa M. Melesse,Wossenu Abtew,Gabriel Senay
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 580 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128159996

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Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability by Assefa M. Melesse,Wossenu Abtew,Gabriel Senay Pdf

Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability: Monitoring, Modelling, Adaptation and Mitigation is a compilation of contributions by experts from around the world who discuss extreme hydrology topics, from monitoring, to modeling and management. With extreme climatic and hydrologic events becoming so frequent, this book is a critical source, adding knowledge to the science of extreme hydrology. Topics covered include hydrometeorology monitoring, climate variability and trends, hydrological variability and trends, landscape dynamics, droughts, flood processes, and extreme events management, adaptation and mitigation. Each of the book's chapters provide background and theoretical foundations followed by approaches used and results of the applied studies. This book will be highly used by water resource managers and extreme event researchers who are interested in understanding the processes and teleconnectivity of large-scale climate dynamics and extreme events, predictability, simulation and intervention measures. Presents datasets used and methods followed to support the findings included, allowing readers to follow these steps in their own research Provides variable methodological approaches, thus giving the reader multiple hydrological modeling information to use in their work Includes a variety of case studies, thus making the context of the book relatable to everyday working situations for those studying extreme hydrology Discusses extreme event management, including adaption and mitigation

Author : Jocelyne Hughes
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191079122

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Freshwater Ecology and Conservation by Jocelyne Hughes Pdf

This practical manual of freshwater ecology and conservation provides a state-of-the-art review of the approaches and techniques used to measure, monitor, and conserve freshwater ecosystems. It offers a single, comprehensive, and accessible synthesis of the vast amount of literature for freshwater ecology and conservation that is currently dispersed in manuals, toolkits, journals, handbooks, 'grey' literature, and websites. Successful conservation outcomes are ultimately built on a sound ecological framework in which every species must be assessed and understood at the individual, community, catchment and landscape level of interaction. For example, freshwater ecologists need to understand hydrochemical storages and fluxes, the physical systems influencing freshwaters at the catchment and landscape scale, and the spatial and temporal processes that maintain species assemblages and their dynamics. A thorough understanding of all these varied processes, and the techniques for studying them, is essential for the effective conservation and management of freshwater ecosystems.

Author : Assefa M. Melesse,Wossenu Abtew
Publisher : Springer
Page : 839 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783319187877

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Landscape Dynamics, Soils and Hydrological Processes in Varied Climates by Assefa M. Melesse,Wossenu Abtew Pdf

The book presents the processes governing the dynamics of landscapes, soils and sediments, water and energy under different climatic regions using studies conducted in varied climatic zones including arid, semi-arid, humid and wet regions. The spatiotemporal availability of the processes and fluxes and their linkage to the environment, land, soil and water management are presented at various scales. Spatial scales including laboratory, field, watershed, river basin and regions are represented. The effect of tillage operations and land management on soil physical characteristics and soil moisture is discussed. The book has 35 chapters in seven sections: 1) Landscape and Land Cover Dynamics, 2) Rainfall-Runoff Processes, 3) Floods and Hydrological Processes 4) Groundwater Flow and Aquifer Management, 5) Sediment Dynamics and Soil Management, 6) Climate change impact on vegetation, sediment and water dynamics, and 7) Water and Watershed Management.

Author : Nigussie, Likimyelesh,Haile, Alemseged Tamiru,Gowing, J.,Walker, D.,Parkin, G.
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789290909026

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Citizen science in community-based watershed management by Nigussie, Likimyelesh,Haile, Alemseged Tamiru,Gowing, J.,Walker, D.,Parkin, G. Pdf

Working Papers The publications in this series record the work and thinking of IWMI researchers, and knowledge that the Institute’s scientific management feels is worthy of documenting. This series will ensure that scientific data and other information gathered or prepared as a part of the research work of the Institute are recorded and referenced. Working Papers could include project reports, case studies, conference or workshop proceedings, discussion papers or reports on progress of research, country-specific research reports, monographs, etc. Working Papers may be copublished, by IWMI and partner organizations. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMI The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) is an international, research-for-development organization that works with governments, civil society and the private sector to solve water problems in developing countries and scale up solutions. Through partnership, IWMI combines research on the sustainable use of water and land resources, knowledge services and products with capacity strengthening, dialogue and policy analysis to support implementation of water management solutions for agriculture, ecosystems, climate change and inclusive economic growth. Headquartered in Colombo, Sri Lanka, IWMI is a CGIAR Research Center and leads the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). www.iwmi.org

Author : Upali A. Amarasinghe,Vladimir Smakhtin
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290907930

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Global Water Demand Projections: Past, Present and Future by Upali A. Amarasinghe,Vladimir Smakhtin Pdf

A review of global water demand projections (WDPs) show substantial over- or under-estimation. The pre-1990 WDPs, with population as the main driver of change, over-projected current water use by 20 to 130%. The post-1990 WDPs, with sophisticated modeling frameworks, show substantial underestimation under the ‘business-as-usual’ scenarios and are more downward biased under sustainable scenarios. Overall, the value of long-term country-level projections in global WDPs is inadequate for local water resource planning. To increase the accuracy and value of global WDPs, future WDPs should take into account the spatial variation and influence of rapidly changing key exogenous and endogenous drivers of water demand in different sectors across and within countries, and provide a sensitivity analysis of projections.

Author : Amarasinghe, Upali A,Sharma, Bharat R,Muthuwatta, Lal,Khan, Z. H
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290907947

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Water for Food in Bangladesh: Outlook to 2030 by Amarasinghe, Upali A,Sharma, Bharat R,Muthuwatta, Lal,Khan, Z. H Pdf

This study assesses the changing consumption patterns of rice in Bangladesh and its implications on water demand by 2030. Rice dominates food and water consumption patterns in the country; it contributed to 72% of the total calorie supply from food, and 81% and 79% of the total cropped and irrigated area, respectively, in 2010. Forecasts using time series models show rice demand for food consumption, which was 172 kg/person/ year in 2008, will have a negligible increase by 2 kg/person by 2030. The demand for rice for feed will double with increasing animal products in the diet, which is only 4% of the calorie intake in 2008. Between 2000 and 2010, the total population and demand for rice have increased by 15% and 22%, and these will increase further by 22% and 25%, respectively, over the next two decades. Forecasts of rice yield, area and production show that the country can meet the increasing demand for rice and can also have substantial production surpluses. However, the rice surpluses will come at a considerable environmental cost, because the demand for groundwater consumptive water use from irrigation alone could exceed the natural recharge in many locations. Bangladesh can mitigate potential water crises by limiting rice production to meet the requirements of self-sufficiency. Increases in water productivity of both Aman (wet season) and Boro (dry season) rice production can help too. A carefully designed deficit irrigation regime for Boro rice can increase transpiration, yield, water productivity and production, and reduce the pressure on scarce groundwater resources. Simultaneously, attention must also be given to exploring the potential of recharging groundwater using the vast amount of monsoon floodwaters to alleviate the stress on groundwater resources.

Author : Nozilakhon Mukhamedova,Kai Wegerich
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2014-10-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290907909

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Land Reforms and Feminization of Agricultural Labor in Sughd Province, Tajikistan by Nozilakhon Mukhamedova,Kai Wegerich Pdf

This report analyzes the influence of agrarian transformations on the feminization of agricultural production in rural Tajikistan. It explores women’s multiple labor relations for meeting basic needs of the household. The evidence shows that households have to depend on more types of agricultural work to secure day-to-day as well as long-term livelihood security. Overall, feminization appears in different types and groupings. The implication is that women in agriculture might not be adequately targeted in policies or integrated within intervention programs.

Author : Wafa Ghazouani,François Molle,Atef Swelam,Edwin Rap,Ahmad Abdo
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789290908104

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Understanding Farmers’ Adaptation to Water Scarcity by Wafa Ghazouani,François Molle,Atef Swelam,Edwin Rap,Ahmad Abdo Pdf

This study was undertaken to analyze farmers’ adaption to water scarcity in the command area of a secondary canal in the Nile Delta of Egypt. The results revealed that farmers’ responses were driven by a multiplicity of factors, beyond water scarcity or profit maximization. These additional factors include food security of the family, risk management, social capital and history of farmers, and most unexpectedly the collective dimension of crop choice. The findings of this study expose the limitations of projects, modeling exercises or policy recommendations that are too often based on the oversimplified view of profit maximization as the basis of farming system dynamics.

Author : Janmaat, J.,Lapp, S.,Wannop, T.,Bharati, Luna,Sugden, Fraser
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-04
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789290908197

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Demonstrating complexity with a roleplaying simulation by Janmaat, J.,Lapp, S.,Wannop, T.,Bharati, Luna,Sugden, Fraser Pdf

Rural people in Nepal and other developing nations are part of complex, social-ecological systems. Efforts to provide assistance to these people must integrate knowledge from a variety of perspectives. This report documents the use of a role-playing game, supported by an agent-based model, to demonstrate the interaction between migration, social capital and the effectiveness of water storage. The importance of these interactions was highlighted by fieldwork conducted at several sites in the Koshi River Basin. The model underlying the game was a stylized representation based on the Indrawati Subbasin northeast of Kathmandu, Nepal. The report highlights that (a) role-playing tournaments can be an effective way to engage technical and policy experts with the complex interactions between the social and physical dimensions of watershed management; and (b) migration and the economic changes which drive these interactions are forces that need to be accepted, and investments in water storage need to be selected depending on how they fit into these trends.

Author : Paul Pavelic,Sonali Senaratna Sellamuttu,Robyn Johnston,Matthew McCartney,Touleelor Sotoukee,Soumya Balasubramanya,Diana Suhardiman,Guillaume Lacombe,Somphasith Douangsavanh,Olivier Joffre,Khin Latt,Aung Kyaw Zan,Kyaw Thein,Aye Myint,Cho Cho,Ye Thaung Htut
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2015-10-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789290908234

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Integrated Assessment of Groundwater Use for Improving Livelihoods in the Dry Zone of Myanmar by Paul Pavelic,Sonali Senaratna Sellamuttu,Robyn Johnston,Matthew McCartney,Touleelor Sotoukee,Soumya Balasubramanya,Diana Suhardiman,Guillaume Lacombe,Somphasith Douangsavanh,Olivier Joffre,Khin Latt,Aung Kyaw Zan,Kyaw Thein,Aye Myint,Cho Cho,Ye Thaung Htut Pdf

In the Dry Zone of Myanmar, improved access to water is widely acknowledged as being vital for livelihood enhancement and the general well-being of around 10 million people, most of whom depend on agriculture. Thus, expanding the sustainable use of groundwater is of great importance for socioeconomic development. According to this study, opportunities for accessing groundwater are generally good, and development of the resource has steadily increased over the years. However, there still appears to be good prospects for expanding groundwater use for irrigation, with a view to increasing agricultural production. Provision of affordable mechanical technologies for drilling wells and support with credit facilities to purchase small-capacity motorized pumps for irrigation could improve food security and livelihoods, where there is potential to expand groundwater use. Replenishable groundwater resources of the Dry Zone are likely to be less than previously thought. Thus, it is important to find the right balance between increasing development of the resource for enhanced irrigation, while also protecting its existing beneficial use for communities and the environment.

Author : Mengistu Dessalegn,Douglas J. Merrey
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290908111

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Is ‘Social Cooperation’ for Traditional Irrigation, while ‘Technology’ is for Motor Pump Irrigation? by Mengistu Dessalegn,Douglas J. Merrey Pdf

Based on a case study in Ethiopia, this paper shows that while farmers understand the social nature of community-managed irrigation, they share a narrow understanding of pump irrigation with policymakers as being primarily ‘technical’. They perceive pumps as liberating them from the ‘social’ limitations of traditional communal irrigation. However, the rapid expansion of pump irrigation is leading to increasing competition and conflict over limited water resources. We analyze the wider implications for Africa of this lack of visibility of the social dimension of pump irrigation, and offer suggestions for future policy and applied research to address the problem before it becomes a widespread crisis.

Author : Fraser Sugden
Publisher : International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789290908142

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Landlordism, Tenants and the Groundwater Sector by Fraser Sugden Pdf

Author : Sadiq I. Khan,Thomas E. Adams
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 485 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128127834

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Indus River Basin by Sadiq I. Khan,Thomas E. Adams Pdf

Indus River Basin: Water Security and Sustainability provides a comprehensive treatment of water-related issues within the Indus River basin. Each chapter is written by an expert in the field, hence this book serves as a single, holistic source covering the whole region, not just a single country. Many of the challenges faced by this region are trans-boundary issues, especially within the context of climate change and water scarcity. Topics covered include extreme engineering and water resource management (one of the largest irrigation systems in dry to semi-desert conditions), social sciences (population dynamics linked to water resources) and political sciences. As such, this book is relevant and important to all researchers interested in these issues. Includes detailed chapters provided by specialists in each different field as compiled by well experienced editors Presents work from related fields across the Indus basin and makes them easily accessible on one single place Shows the Indus River as a type case and shares issues relevant to other locations across the world

Author : Assefa M. Melesse
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2011-03-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400706897

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Nile River Basin by Assefa M. Melesse Pdf

This book presents results of scientific studies ranging from hydrological modelling to water management and policy issues in the Nile River basin. It examines the physical, hydrometeorological and hydrogeological description of the basin along with analysis in understanding the hydrological processes of the basin under the changing land-use stemming from population pressure and increased natural resources tapping. The book discusses the increased impact of climate change on the river flows, and such issues as water availability and demand, management and policy to offset the imbalance between demand and available resources. This book will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, water resources mangers, policy makers as well as graduate and undergraduate students. It is a useful reference text for ecohydrology, arid zone hydrology, hydrology of transboundary rivers and similar courses.