Applications Of Synchrotron Radiation In Low Temperature Geochemistry And Environmental Sciences

Author : Paul A. Fenter,Mark L. Rivers,Neil Sturchio,Stephen R. Sutton
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 604 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781501508882

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Applications of Synchrotron Radiation in Low-Temperature Geochemistry and Environmental Science by Paul A. Fenter,Mark L. Rivers,Neil Sturchio,Stephen R. Sutton Pdf

Volume 49 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry reviews the state of the art of synchrotron radiation applications in low temperature geochemistry and environmental science, and offer speculations on future developments. The reader of this volume will acquire an appreciation of the theory and applications of synchrotron radiation in low temperature geochemistry and environmental science, as well as the significant advances that have been made in this area in the past two decades. It gives a fairly comprehensive overview of synchrotron radiation applications in low temperature geochemistry and environmental science, describes the ways that synchrotron radiation is generated, including a history of synchrotrons and a discussion of aspects of synchrotron radiation that are important to the experimentalist, describes specific synchrotron methods that are most useful for single-crystal surface and mineral-fluid interface studies as well as methods that can be used more generally for investigating complex polyphase fine-grained or amorphous materials, including soils, rocks, and organic matter.

Author : Paul A. Fenter
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 579 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Environmental geochemistry
ISBN : 0939950545

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Applications of Synchrotron Radiation in Low-temperature Geochemistry and Environmental Sciences by Paul A. Fenter Pdf

Author : B. Sherwood Lollar
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2005-05-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0080446434

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Environmental Geochemistry by B. Sherwood Lollar Pdf

The Treatise on Geochemistry is the first work providing a comprehensive, integrated summary of the present state of geochemistry. It deals with all the major subjects in the field, ranging from the chemistry of the solar system to environmental geochemistry. The Treatise on Geochemistry has drawn on the expertise of outstanding scientists throughout the world, creating the reference work in geochemistry for the next decade. Each volume consists of fifteen to twenty-five chapters written by recognized authorities in their fields, and chosen by the Volume Editors in consultation with the Executive Editors. Particular emphasis has been placed on integrating the subject matter of the individual chapters and volumes. Elsevier also offers the Treatise on Geochemistry in electronic format via the online platform ScienceDirect, the most comprehensive database of academic research on the Internet today, enhanced by a suite of sophisticated linking, searching and retrieval tools.

Author : D.J. Vaughan ,R.A. Wogelius
Publisher : The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780903056328

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Environmental Mineralogy II by D.J. Vaughan ,R.A. Wogelius Pdf

In a sense, all mineralogy is environmental mineralogy. However, the term environmental has come to be employed (particularly in combination with terms such as science, issue or problem) to refer to those systems at or near the surface of the Earth where the geosphere comes into contact with the hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. This is, of course, the environment upon which the human race depends for survival and, hence, is now sometimes referred to as the critical zone. Those systems containing minerals that constitute the most important or key environments are considered here: soils, modern sediments, atmospheric aerosols, and the interior or exterior parts of certain micro- and macro-organisms. Particularly important are the roles that minerals play in processes that act over time to control or influence the environment at various scales of observation. Both pure systems and those contaminated as a result of human activity are considered. The objectives for this volume are to help to define the subject of environmental mineralogy, and to provide an initial source of information both for mineralogists and other scientists who wish to understand or work in this field. It was hoped that it might also provide a text for use by those teaching courses in the subject at advanced undergraduate or graduate student level.

Author : Jianming Xu,Donald L. Sparks
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400741775

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Molecular Environmental Soil Science by Jianming Xu,Donald L. Sparks Pdf

Based on the “International Symposium of Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth’s Critical Zone,” this book focuses on the Critical Zone supporting life at the Earth’s surface with emphasis on the new and emerging subject area of molecular environmental soil science. Advances in research methodology, the use of synchrotron radiation in particular, are extensively reviewed. Roles of microbes, biomolecules, and environmental nanoparticles in mineral transformations, metal cycling, degradation of natural and anthropogenic organic compounds are also extensively reviewed. It is unique in terms of facilitating the integration of contributions from traditionally separate disciplines and adding a molecular and nanoparticle (therefore chemical) dimension to a field of endeavour that has traditionally been viewed on a different scale (dimension). It will also contribute to identifying knowledge gaps, providing future research directions and promoting research and education at the molecular level in this extremely important and challenging area of science for years to come. The IUPAC Project Committee noted that the Conference identifies, and builds on, the need to view and understand the Critical Zone at the molecular level. The book will be an invaluable reference for research and education.

Author : Settimio Mobilio,Federico Boscherini,Carlo Meneghini
Publisher : Springer
Page : 807 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642553158

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Synchrotron Radiation by Settimio Mobilio,Federico Boscherini,Carlo Meneghini Pdf

Synchrotron radiation is today extensively used for fundamental and applied research in many different fields of science. Its exceptional characteristics in terms of intensity, brilliance, spectral range, time structure and now also coherence pushed many experimental techniques to previously un-reachable limits, enabling the performance of experiments unbelievable only few years ago. The book gives an up-to-date overview of synchrotron radiation research today with a view to the future, starting from its generation and sources, its interaction with matter, illustrating the main experimental technique employed and provides an overview of the main fields of research in which new and innovative results are obtained. The book is addressed to PhD students and young researchers to provide both an introductory and a rather deep knowledge of the field. It will also be helpful to experienced researcher who want to approach the field in a professional way.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 17318 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080983004

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Treatise on Geochemistry by Anonim Pdf

This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!

Author : A. Beran ,E. Libowitzky
Publisher : The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789634636625

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Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy by A. Beran ,E. Libowitzky Pdf

Author : Chunhai Fan,Zhentang Zhao
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783527697083

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Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science by Chunhai Fan,Zhentang Zhao Pdf

Meeting the long-felt need for in-depth information on one of the most advanced material characterization methods, a top team of editors and authors from highly prestigious facilities and institutions covers a range of synchrotron techniques that have proven useful for materials research. Following an introduction to synchrotron radiation and its sources, the second part goes on to describe the various techniques that benefit from this especially bright light, including X-ray absorption, diffraction, scattering, imaging, and lithography. The thrid and final part provides an overview of the applications of synchrotron radiation in materials science. bridging the gap between specialists in synchrotron research and material scientists, this is a unique and indispensable resource for academic and industrial researchers alike.

Author : Jeroen A. van Bokhoven,Carlo Lamberti
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 940 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118844236

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X-Ray Absorption and X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy by Jeroen A. van Bokhoven,Carlo Lamberti Pdf

During the last two decades, remarkable and often spectacular progress has been made in the methodological and instrumental aspects of x–ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. This progress includes considerable technological improvements in the design and production of detectors especially with the development and expansion of large-scale synchrotron reactors All this has resulted in improved analytical performance and new applications, as well as in the perspective of a dramatic enhancement in the potential of x–ray based analysis techniques for the near future. This comprehensive two-volume treatise features articles that explain the phenomena and describe examples of X–ray absorption and emission applications in several fields, including chemistry, biochemistry, catalysis, amorphous and liquid systems, synchrotron radiation, and surface phenomena. Contributors explain the underlying theory, how to set up X–ray absorption experiments, and how to analyze the details of the resulting spectra. X-Ray Absorption and X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: Theory and Applications: Combines the theory, instrumentation and applications of x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies which offer unique diagnostics to study almost any object in the Universe. Is the go-to reference book in the subject for all researchers across multi-disciplines since intense beams from modern sources have revolutionized x-ray science in recent years Is relevant to students, postdocurates and researchers working on x-rays and related synchrotron sources and applications in materials, physics, medicine, environment/geology, and biomedical materials

Author : Baoshan Xing,Nicola Senesi,Pan Ming Huang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 922 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2011-05-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118002117

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Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Anthropogenic Organic Compounds in Environmental Systems by Baoshan Xing,Nicola Senesi,Pan Ming Huang Pdf

In contrast to the classical books which largely focus on separate, individual physicochemical and biological aspects, this book aims to integrate the frontiers of knowledge on the fundamentals and the impact of physicochemical and biological interactions and processes of AOCs in soil, sediment, water and air. The specific objectives of this book are to address: (1) fundamental biophysico-chemical processes of AOCs in the environment, (2) occurrence and distribution of AOCs in air, water, and soil, and their global cycling, (3) the state-of-the-art analytical techniques of AOCs, and (4) restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs. The book also identifies the gaps in knowledge on the subject matter and as such provides future directions to stimulate scientific research to advance the chemical science on biophysico-chemical interfacial reactions in natural habitats. By virtue of complex nature of the interactions of AOCs with different environmental components and matrixes, no single available technique and instrument is satisfactory yet for determining their fate, transport, availability, and risk in the environment. In order to fully understand the biophysico-chemical interactions and processes of AOCs in the environment, it is critical to know chemical, physical and biological properties of AOCs and their analytical techniques. The book is unique because of its multidisciplinary approach as it provides a comprehensive and integrated coverage of biophysico-chemical reactions and processes of AOCs in various environments, associated analytical techniques, and restoration of natural environments contaminated by AOCs.

Author : Patricia Maurice
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470400364

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Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces from the Nanoscale to the Global Scale by Patricia Maurice Pdf

An advanced exploration ofwater-rock interactions Based on the author's fifteen years of teaching and tried-and-tested experiences in the classroom, here is a comprehensive exploration of water-rock interactions. Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces from the Nanoscale to the Global Scale covers aspects ranging from the theory of charged particle surfaces to how minerals grow and dissolve to new frontiers in W-R interactions such as nanoparticles, geomicrobiology, and climate change. Providing basic conceptual understanding along with more complex subject matter, Professor Patricia Maurice encourages students to look beyond the text to ongoing research in the field. Designed to engage the learner, the book features: Numerous case studies to contextualize concepts Practice and thought questions at the end of each chapter Broad coverage from basic theory to cutting-edge topics such as nanotechnology Both basic and applied science This text goes beyond W-R interactions to touch on a broad range of environmental disciplines. While written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students primarily in geochemistry and soil chemistry, Environmental Surfaces and Interfaces from the Nanoscale to the Global Scale will serve the needs of such diverse fields as environmental engineering, hydrogeology, physics, biology, and environmental chemistry.

Author : Heinrich D Holland,Karl K. Turekian
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 681 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2010-05-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123813923

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Readings from the Treatise on Geochemistry by Heinrich D Holland,Karl K. Turekian Pdf

Readings from the Treatise on Geochemistry offers an interdisciplinary reference for scientists, researchers and upper undergraduate and graduate level geochemistry students that is more affordable than the full Treatise. For professionals, this volume will provide an overview of the field as a whole. For students, it will provide more in-depth introductory content than is found in broad-based geochemistry textbooks. Articles were selected from chapters across all volumes of the full Treatise, and include: The Origin and Earliest History of the Earth, Compositional Evolution of the Mantle, Evolution of Sedimentary Rocks, Soil Formation, Geochemistry of Groundwater, Geologic History of Seawater, Hydrothermal Processes, and Biogeochemistry of Primary Production in the Sea. Comprehensive, interdisciplinary and authoritative content selected by leading subject experts Robust illustrations, figures and tables Affordably priced sampling of content from the full Treatise on Geochemistry

Author : James D. Kubicki
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118845165

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Molecular Modeling of Geochemical Reactions by James D. Kubicki Pdf

Molecular processes in nature affect human health, the availability of resources and the Earth’s climate. Molecular modelling is a powerful and versatile toolbox that complements experimental data and provides insights where direct observation is not currently possible. Molecular Modeling of Geochemical Reactions: An Introduction applies computational chemistry to geochemical problems. Chapters focus on geochemical applications in aqueous, petroleum, organic, environmental, bio- and isotope geochemistry, covering the fundamental theory, practical guidance on applying techniques, and extensive literature reviews in numerous geochemical sub-disciplines. Topics covered include: • Theory and Methods of Computational Chemistry • Force Field Application and Development • Computational Spectroscopy • Thermodynamics • Structure Determination • Geochemical Kinetics This book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers looking to understand geochemical processes on a molecular level. Novice practitioners of molecular modelling, experienced computational chemists, and experimentalists seeking to understand this field will all find information and knowledge of use in their research.

Author : Fathi Zereini,Clare L. S. Wiseman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 663 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011-02-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642122781

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Urban Airborne Particulate Matter by Fathi Zereini,Clare L. S. Wiseman Pdf

This book presents the most up-to-date research and information regarding the origin, chemistry, fate and health impacts of airborne particulate matter in urban areas, a topic which has received a great deal of attention in recent years due to documented relationships between exposure and health effects such as asthma. With internationally recognised researchers and academics presenting their work and key concepts and approaches from a variety of disciplines, including environmental and analytical chemistry, biology, toxicology, mineralogy and the geosciences, this book addresses the topic of urban airborne particulate matter in a comprehensive, multidisciplinary manner. Topics and research addressed in the book range from common methodological approaches used to sample and analyse the composition of airborne particulates to our knowledge regarding their potential to impact human health and the various policy approaches taken internationally to regulate particulate matter levels.