Artemisinin Based And Other Antimalarials

Author : Guoqiao Li,Ying Li,Zelin Li,Meiyi Zeng
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 736 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128132111

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Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials by Guoqiao Li,Ying Li,Zelin Li,Meiyi Zeng Pdf

Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials: Detailed Account of Studies by Chinese Scientists Who Discovered and Developed Them provides a historical and scientific background of the discovery and development of artemisinin, artemisinin derivatives, combination drugs and related chemicals. It is a historical document, a scientific treatise, and a fascinating description of innovative research on new drug development that is carried out under extremely difficult conditions. The book also includes detailed experiments, physical-chemical procedures, practical methodologies and clinical trials. It is a valuable reference for students and researchers in the fields of scientific history, medicine, pharmaceutical science, chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Presents details of all stages of drug development, including in vitro experiment, animal exploratory studies, animal tests for toxicity, safety and efficacy followed by stages I, II, III and IV, safety and efficacy in human volunteers and patients with malaria Provides many physical-chemical laboratory procedures, such as NMR, MS, HPLC and X-ray diffraction used in drug development Includes practical methodology of clinical trials from many research centers and countries to demonstrate the importance of this discovery

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on the Economics of Antimalarial Drugs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2004-09-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309165938

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Saving Lives, Buying Time by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on the Economics of Antimalarial Drugs Pdf

For more than 50 years, low-cost antimalarial drugs silently saved millions of lives and cured billions of debilitating infections. Today, however, these drugs no longer work against the deadliest form of malaria that exists throughout the world. Malaria deaths in sub-Saharan Africaâ€"currently just over one million per yearâ€"are rising because of increased resistance to the old, inexpensive drugs. Although effective new drugs called "artemisinins" are available, they are unaffordable for the majority of the affected population, even at a cost of one dollar per course. Saving Lives, Buying Time: Economics of Malaria Drugs in an Age of Resistance examines the history of malaria treatments, provides an overview of the current drug crisis, and offers recommendations on maximizing access to and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. The book finds that most people in endemic countries will not have access to currently effective combination treatments, which should include an artemisinin, without financing from the global community. Without funding for effective treatment, malaria mortality could double over the next 10 to 20 years and transmission will intensify.

Author : Keith Arnold,Muoi Arnold,Meiyi Zeng
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 705 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Antimalarials
ISBN : 7030570413

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Artemisinin-based and Other Antimalarials by Keith Arnold,Muoi Arnold,Meiyi Zeng Pdf

Author : Qigui Li,Mark R. Hickman
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781681080543

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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antimalarial Drugs Used in Combination Therapy by Qigui Li,Mark R. Hickman Pdf

Malaria takes a great toll on human health and well-being, particularly in tropical regions including Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Oceania and parts of the Americas. In recent years, some Plasmodium strains have become increasingly resistant to all classes of conventional antimalarial drugs currently in use. Researchers have, therefore, stepped up efforts to revise atimalarial drug policies, develop new drugs, and implement new strategies to combat this disease. In order to prevent widespread resistance, antimalarial combination therapies (ACTs) have been deployed and a World Antimalarial Resistance Network has been established as a means of anitimalarial drug resistance surveillance. Artemisinin-based combination therapies have proven to be useful as a replacement for standard regimens. Currently, these ACTs successfully cure patients suffering from uncomplicated malaria with superior efficacy and lower toxicity, but there remains a huge challenge (high mortality rate) associated with treatment of severe malaria. Studies of drug disposition and drug efficacy (PK/PD evaluations) are essential to understanding why drugs work as antimalarials as they illustrate issues with drug resistance, drug safety and drug toxicity that are critical to finding the appropriate drug dose for patients. This eBook illustrates how currently available combination antimalarial drugs can be optimized for effective malaria treatment. Chapters in this book explain methods to select combination drugs based on PK/PD evaluations followed by methods o reduce drug toxicity based on these evaluations. The book also summarizes efforts that are being made by the research community to improve ACT. It is, therefore, a handy reference for medical professionals and pharmacologists working on antimalarial drugs.

Author : Program on Forced Migration and Health at the Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University,National Research Council,Committee on Population,Roundtable on the Demography of Forced Migration,Holly A. Williams,Peter B. Bloland
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2003-01-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309086158

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Malaria Control During Mass Population Movements and Natural Disasters by Program on Forced Migration and Health at the Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University,National Research Council,Committee on Population,Roundtable on the Demography of Forced Migration,Holly A. Williams,Peter B. Bloland Pdf

Admittedly, the world and the nature of forced migration have changed a great deal over the last two decades. The relevance of data accumulated during that time period can now be called into question. The roundtable and the Program on Forced Migration at the Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University have commissioned a series of epidemiological reviews on priority public health problems for forced migrants that will update the state of knowledge. Malaria Control During Mass Population Movements and Natural Disasters- the first in the series, provides a basic overview of the state of knowledge of epidemiology of malaria and public health interventions and practices for controlling the disease in situations involving forced migration and conflict.

Author : Philip J. Rosenthal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2001-04-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592591114

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Antimalarial Chemotherapy by Philip J. Rosenthal Pdf

Philip Rosenthal, MD, and a panel of leading malaria experts drawn from academia, the military, and international health organizations survey the latest scientific understanding of antimalarial chemotherapy, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms of resistance and the description of important new targets. Their survey covers the current status of malarial and antimalarial chemotherapy, the relevant biology and biochemistry of malaria parasites, the antimalarial drugs currently available, new chemical approaches to chemotherapy, and possible new targets for chemotherapy. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Antimalarial Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action, Resistance, and New Directions in Drug Discovery clearly delineates all the basic and clinical research now addressing one of the world's major unresolved disease problems, work that is now powerfully driving the rapid pace of antimalarial drug discovery today.

Author : Catherine Cavallaro Goodman,Paul W. Coleman,Anne Mills
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Africa, Sub-Saharan
ISBN : UCBK:C069486766

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Economic Analysis of Malaria Control in Sub-Saharan Africa by Catherine Cavallaro Goodman,Paul W. Coleman,Anne Mills Pdf

Author : Henry M. Staines,Sanjeev Krishna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-01-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783034604796

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Treatment and Prevention of Malaria by Henry M. Staines,Sanjeev Krishna Pdf

Malaria has defeated previous efforts at eradication and remains a massive global public health problem despite being readily preventable and treatable. It is a devastating disease that also extracts huge economic costs from the poorest countries in endemic regions. Starting with an overview of the disease and its current political, financial and technical context, this Milestones in Drug Therapy volume describes the history, chemistry, mechanisms of action and resistance, preclinical and clinical use, pharmacokinetics and safety and tolerability of the current range of antimalarial drugs. There is particular emphasis on artemisinins and related peroxides, as these drugs have now become the frontline treatment for malaria. Next generation antimalarials, molecular markers for detecting resistance, the importance of diagnostics and disease prevention are also covered in detail.

Author : Hyman J. Zimmerman
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Page : 848 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0781719526

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Hepatotoxicity by Hyman J. Zimmerman Pdf

Written by the foremost authority in the field, this volume is a comprehensive review of the multifaceted phenomenon of hepatotoxicity. Dr. Zimmerman examines the interface between chemicals and the liver; the latest research in experimental hepatotoxicology; the hepatotoxic risks of household, industrial, and environmental chemicals; and the adverse effects of drugs on the liver. This thoroughly revised, updated Second Edition features a greatly expanded section on the wide variety of drugs that can cause liver injury. For quick reference, an appendix lists these medications and their associated hepatic injuries. Also included are in-depth discussions of drug metabolism and factors affecting susceptibility to liver injury.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241547925

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Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria by World Health Organization Pdf

"The purpose of this document is to provide comprehensible, global, evidence-based guidelines to help formulate policies and protocols for the treatment of malaria. Information is presented on the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, including disease in special groups (young children, pregnant women, people who are HIV positive, travellers from non-malaria endemic regions) and in complex emergency situations and severe malaria."--Publisher's description.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Division of International Health,Committee for the Study on Malaria Prevention and Control
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1991-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309045274

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Malaria by Institute of Medicine,Division of International Health,Committee for the Study on Malaria Prevention and Control Pdf

Malaria is making a dramatic comeback in the world. The disease is the foremost health challenge in Africa south of the Sahara, and people traveling to malarious areas are at increased risk of malaria-related sickness and death. This book examines the prospects for bringing malaria under control, with specific recommendations for U.S. policy, directions for research and program funding, and appropriate roles for federal and international agencies and the medical and public health communities. The volume reports on the current status of malaria research, prevention, and control efforts worldwide. The authors present study results and commentary on the: Nature, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and epidemiology of malaria. Biology of the malaria parasite and its vector. Prospects for developing malaria vaccines and improved treatments. Economic, social, and behavioral factors in malaria control.

Author : Henry M. Staines,Sanjeev Krishna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012-01-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783034604802

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Treatment and Prevention of Malaria by Henry M. Staines,Sanjeev Krishna Pdf

Malaria has defeated previous efforts at eradication and remains a massive global public health problem despite being readily preventable and treatable. It is a devastating disease that also extracts huge economic costs from the poorest countries in endemic regions. Starting with an overview of the disease and its current political, financial and technical context, this Milestones in Drug Therapy volume describes the history, chemistry, mechanisms of action and resistance, preclinical and clinical use, pharmacokinetics and safety and tolerability of the current range of antimalarial drugs. There is particular emphasis on artemisinins and related peroxides, as these drugs have now become the frontline treatment for malaria. Next generation antimalarials, molecular markers for detecting resistance, the importance of diagnostics and disease prevention are also covered in detail.

Author : A. Douglas Kinghorn,Heinz Falk,Simon Gibbons,Yoshinori Asakawa,Ji-Kai Liu,Verena M. Dirsch
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2022-01-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030898731

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Antimalarial Natural Products by A. Douglas Kinghorn,Heinz Falk,Simon Gibbons,Yoshinori Asakawa,Ji-Kai Liu,Verena M. Dirsch Pdf

This volume begins with a short history of malaria and follows with a summary of its biology. It then traces the fascinating history of the discovery of quinine for malaria treatment, and then describes quinine’s biosynthesis, its mechanism of action, and its clinical use, concluding with a discussion of synthetic antimalarial agents based on quinine’s structure. It also covers the discovery of artemisinin and its development as the source of the most effective current antimalarial drug, including summaries of its synthesis and biosynthesis, its mechanism of action, and its clinical use and resistance. A short discussion of other clinically used antimalarial natural products leads to a detailed treatment of additional natural products with significant antiplasmodial activity, classified by compound type. Although the search for new antimalarial natural products from Nature’s combinatorial library is challenging, it is very likely to yield new antimalarial drugs. This book thus ends by identifying ten natural products with development potential as clinical antimalarial agents.

Author : Tariq Aftab,Jorge F.S. Ferreira,M. Masroor A. Khan,M. Naeem
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642410277

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Artemisia annua - Pharmacology and Biotechnology by Tariq Aftab,Jorge F.S. Ferreira,M. Masroor A. Khan,M. Naeem Pdf

Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone originally extracted from the medicinal plant Artemisia annua L., is an effective antimalarial agent, particularly for multi-drug resistant and cerebral malaria. However, the concentration of artemisinin in the plant is very low. Because the chemical synthesis of artemisinin is complicated and not economically feasible in view of the poor yield of the drug, the intact plant remains the only viable source of artemisinin production. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the concentration of artemisinin in A. annua to reduce the cost of artemisinin based antimalarial drugs. Plant scientists have focused their efforts on A. annua for a higher artemisinin crop yield. With the present volume, we are bringing together the research which is being done on this plant throughout the world and future possibilities for scientists and researchers who want to work on it.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-08-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241549127

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Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. Third Edition by World Health Organization Pdf

Malaria remains an important cause of illness and death in children and adults in countries in which it is endemic. Malaria control requires an integrated approach including prevention (primarily vector control) and prompt treatment with effective antimalarial agents. Malaria case management consisting of prompt diagnosis and effective treatment remains a vital component of malaria control and elimination strategies. Since the publication of the first edition of the Guidelines for the treatment of malaria in 2006 and the second edition in 2010 all countries in which P. falciparum malaria is endemic have progressively updated their treatment policy from use of ineffective monotherapy to the currently recommended artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT). This has contributed substantially to current reductions in global morbidity and mortality from malaria. Unfortunately resistance to artemisinins has arisen recently in P. falciparum in South-East Asia which threatens these gains. This third edition of the WHO Guidelines for the treatment of malaria contains updated recommendations based on a firmer evidence base for most antimalarial drugs and in addition include recommendation on the use of drugs to prevent malaria in groups at high risk. The Guidelines provide a framework for designing specific detailed national treatment protocols taking into account local patterns of resistance to antimalarial drugs and health service capacity. It provides recommendations on treatment of uncomplicated and severe malaria in all age groups all endemic areas in special populations and several complex situations. In addition on the use of antimalarial drugs as preventive therapy in healthy people living in malaria-endemic areas who are high risk in order to reduce morbidity and mortality from malaria. The Guidelines are designed primarily for policy-makers in ministries of health who formulate country-specific treatment guidelines. Other groups that may find them useful include health professionals and public health and policy specialists that are partners in health or malaria control and the pharmaceutical industry. The treatment recommendations in the main document are brief; for those who wish to study the evidence base in more detail a series of annexes is provided with references to the appropriate sections of the main document.