Confronting The Nazi War On Christianity

Author : Richard Bonney
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 594 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : History
ISBN : 3039119044

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Confronting the Nazi War on Christianity by Richard Bonney Pdf

Contemporaries and historians have found it difficult to interpret the ambiguous relationship between National Socialism and Christianity. Both the Catholic and Protestant Churches tended to agree with National Socialists in their authoritarianism, their attacks on socialism and communism, and their campaign against the Versailles Treaty; but the doctrinal position of the Churches could not be reconciled with the principle of racism, a foreign policy of unlimited aggressive warfare, or a domestic agenda involving the complete subservience of Church to State. Important sections of the Nazi Party sought the complete extirpation of Christianity and its substitution by a purely racial religion, but considerations of expediency made it impossible for the National Socialist leadership to adopt this radical anti-Christian stance as official policy. The Kulturkampf Newsletters, which have not appeared in English since the 1930s, were produced by German Catholic exiles in France. They scrupulously document the tensions between various strands of Nazi policy, and the nature of the policy eventually adopted: this was to reduce the Churches' influence in all areas of public life through the use of every available means, yet without provoking the difficulties - diplomatic as well as domestic - which an openly declared war of extermination might have caused.

Author : Hubert G. Locke
Publisher : Edwin Mellen Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : History
ISBN : 0889467625

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The Church Confronts the Nazis by Hubert G. Locke Pdf

A collection of working papers published in preparation for the American conference at Seattle observing the 50th anniversary of the Barmen Declaration. In the paper by J.S. Conway, the struggle between the churches and the Third Reich is detailed. The author argues that the Barmen Declaration was not intended as a political protest against the Hitler state, but only the nazified Church, that the Confessing Church was never really the spearhead of resistance to the tyranny that engulfed Germany, that the Roman Catholic Church was essentially neutralized and that the churchgoing population did not realize the implications of Nazism until it was too late.

Author : Matthew D. Hockenos
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2004-10-20
Category : History
ISBN : 0253110319

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A Church Divided by Matthew D. Hockenos Pdf

This book closely examines the turmoil in the German Protestant churches in the immediate postwar years as they attempted to come to terms with the recent past. Reeling from the impact of war, the churches addressed the consequences of cooperation with the regime and the treatment of Jews. In Germany, the Protestant Church consisted of 28 autonomous regional churches. During the Nazi years, these churches formed into various alliances. One group, the German Christian Church, openly aligned itself with the Nazis. The rest were cautiously opposed to the regime or tried to remain noncommittal. The internal debates, however, involved every group and centered on issues of belief that were important to all. Important theologians such as Karl Barth were instrumental in pressing these issues forward. While not an exhaustive study of Protestantism during the Nazi years, A Church Divided breaks new ground in the discussion of responsibility, guilt, and the Nazi past.

Author : Joseph Loconte
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2004-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780742578241

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The End of Illusions by Joseph Loconte Pdf

The rise of Islamic radicalism has led to heated discussions about how best to address the threat of religious terror. Disputes covering the right and wrong of war with Iraq, and the even bigger war on terrorism, continue to rage across America. But this is not the first argument of this nature—America was faced with a similar moral dilemma on the eve of World War II. Fascism was conquering Europe, and religious leaders across the nation vehemently debated how to confront Nazi Germany. In The End of Illusions: Religious Leaders Confront Hitler's Gathering Storm, Joseph Loconte brings together pieces from the most significant religious thinkers of the pre-war period. In these essays, the writers eloquently and passionately present their arguments for going to war or maintaining the peace. In doing so, they explore issues vibrantly relevant today, including the Christian cause for war, the problem of evil, and America's role in the world. These urgently written pieces connect the past with the present and resonate with renewed clarity and poignancy.

Author : Peter Bartley
Publisher : Ignatius Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2016-09-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781681497297

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Catholics Confronting Hitler by Peter Bartley Pdf

Written with economy and in chronological order, this book offers a comprehensive account of the response to the Nazi tyranny by Pope Pius XII, his envoys, and various representatives of the Catholic Church in every country where Nazism existed before and during WWII. Peter Bartley makes extensive use of primary sources letters, diaries, memoirs, official government reports, German and British. He manifestly quotes the works of several prominent Nazis, of churchmen, diplomats, members of the Resistance, and ordinary Jews and gentiles who left eye-witness accounts of life under the Nazis, in addition to the wartime correspondence between Pius XII and President Roosevelt. This book reveals how resistance to Hitler and rescue work engaged many churchmen and laypeople at all levels, and was often undertaken in collaboration with Protestants and Jews. The Church paid a high price in many countries for its resistance, with hundreds of churches closed down, bishops exiled or martyred, and many priests shot or sent to Nazi death camps. Bartley also explores the supposed inaction of the German bishops over Hitler's oppression of the Jews, showing that the Reich Concordat did not deter the hierarchy and clergy from protesting the regime's iniquities or from rescuing its victims. While giving clear evidence for Papal condemnation of the Jewish persecution, he also explains why Pius XII could not completely set aside the language of diplomacy and be more openly vocal in his rebuke of the Nazis.

Author : Jan Bank,Lieve Gevers
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472504791

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Churches and Religion in the Second World War by Jan Bank,Lieve Gevers Pdf

Despite the wealth of historical literature on the Second World War, the subject of religion and churches in occupied Europe has been undervalued – until now. This critical European history is unique in delivering a rich and detailed analysis of churches and religion during the Second World War, looking at the Christian religions of occupied Europe: Catholicism, Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Orthodoxy. The authors engage with key themes such as relations between religious institutions and the occupying forces; religion as a key factor in national identity and resistance; theological answers to the Fascist and National Socialist ideologies, especially in terms of the persecution of the Jews; Christians as bystanders or protectors in the Holocaust; and religious life during the war. Churches and Religion in the Second World War will be of great value to students and scholars of European history, the Second World War and religion and theology.

Author : Donald J. Dietrich
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2003-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 0815630298

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Christian Responses to the Holocaust by Donald J. Dietrich Pdf

Delineates the roles that individuals and their churches played in confronting Hitler. Written by both Jewish and Christian scholars, these essays focus on the Christian responses to Nazism and delineate the roles that individuals and their churches played in confronting Hitler.

Author : Richard Steigmann-Gall
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Christianity and antisemitism
ISBN : 1461938309

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The Holy Reich by Richard Steigmann-Gall Pdf

Author : Tom Lawson
Publisher : Boydell Press
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 1843832194

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The Church of England and the Holocaust by Tom Lawson Pdf

Explores the Church of England's understanding of the Third Reich and its impact on the reactions to and memory of the Holocaust in Britain. Argues that the Anglican Church did not engage with the Third Reich through the prism of the persecution of the Jews. English Christians commonly perceived Nazism as significant through its anti-Christianity, as an attack on Christian culture, and not through its antisemitism. In the 1930s the Church was opposed to war, but when Nazi antisemitism became much more pronounced after 1938, the Church incorporated this persecution into its image of Nazism as anti-Christian. While there was some concern for Jewish victims (especially on the part of George Bell and William Temple), particular concern was expressed for the German Christian victims of totalitarianism. This led the Anglican Church, after the war, to favor reconstruction of West Germany as a buffer against communism and anti-Christianity. The Church objected to war crimes trials as being opposed to "Christian forgiveness" vs. the "Jewish" value of vengeance, a view which sought to reduce the significance of Nazi antisemitism and the Holocaust.

Author : Richard Weikart
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2016-11-22
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781621575511

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Hitler's Religion by Richard Weikart Pdf

A book to challenge the status quo, spark a debate, and get people talking about the issues and questions we face as a country!

Author : Nathan Stoltzfus
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2016-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780300217506

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Hitler's Compromises by Nathan Stoltzfus Pdf

VII: "The People Know Where to Find the Leadership's Soft Spot": Air Raid Evacuations, Popular Protest, and Hitler's Soft Strategies -- VIII: Germany's Rosenstrasse and the Fate of Mixed Marriages -- Conclusion -- Afterword on Historical Research: Back to the "Top Down"? -- Notes -- Acknowledgments -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W

Author : Susannah Heschel
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2010-10-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691148052

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The Aryan Jesus by Susannah Heschel Pdf

Was Jesus a Nazi? During the Third Reich, German Protestant theologians, motivated by racism and tapping into traditional Christian anti-Semitism, redefined Jesus as an Aryan and Christianity as a religion at war with Judaism. In 1939, these theologians established the Institute for the Study and Eradication of Jewish Influence on German Religious Life. In The Aryan Jesus, Susannah Heschel shows that during the Third Reich, the Institute became the most important propaganda organ of German Protestantism, exerting a widespread influence and producing a nazified Christianity that placed anti-Semitism at its theological center. Based on years of archival research, The Aryan Jesus examines the membership and activities of this controversial theological organization. With headquarters in Eisenach, the Institute sponsored propaganda conferences throughout the Nazi Reich and published books defaming Judaism, including a dejudaized version of the New Testament and a catechism proclaiming Jesus as the savior of the Aryans. Institute members--professors of theology, bishops, and pastors--viewed their efforts as a vital support for Hitler's war against the Jews. Heschel looks in particular at Walter Grundmann, the Institute's director and a professor of the New Testament at the University of Jena. Grundmann and his colleagues formed a community of like-minded Nazi Christians who remained active and continued to support each other in Germany's postwar years. The Aryan Jesus raises vital questions about Christianity's recent past and the ambivalent place of Judaism in Christian thought.

Author : Arlen Fowler
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2003-07-27
Category : History
ISBN : 1469737566

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Facing Auschwitz by Arlen Fowler Pdf

Author : Peter Bartley
Publisher : Ignatius Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2016-10-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781621640585

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Catholics Confronting Hitler by Peter Bartley Pdf

Written with economy and in chronological order, this book offers a comprehensive account of the response to the Nazi tyranny by Pope Pius XII, his envoys, and various representatives of the Catholic Church in every country where Nazism existed before and during WWII. Peter Bartley makes extensive use of primary sources – letters, diaries, memoirs, official government reports, German and British. He manifestly quotes the works of several prominent Nazis, of churchmen, diplomats, members of the Resistance, and ordinary Jews and gentiles who left eye-witness accounts of life under the Nazis, in addition to the wartime correspondence between Pius XII and President Roosevelt. This book reveals how resistance to Hitler and rescue work engaged many churchmen and laypeople at all levels, and was often undertaken in collaboration with Protestants and Jews. The Church paid a high price in many countries for its resistance, with hundreds of churches closed down, bishops exiled or martyred, and many priests shot or sent to Nazi death camps. Bartley also explores the supposed inaction of the German bishops over Hitler's oppression of the Jews, showing that the Reich Concordat did not deter the hierarchy and clergy from protesting the regime's iniquities or from rescuing its victims. While giving clear evidence for Papal condemnation of the Jewish persecution, he also explains why Pius XII could not completely set aside the language of diplomacy and be more openly vocal in his rebuke of the Nazis.

Author : Bruce Walker
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Church and state
ISBN : 1432721690

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The Swastika Against the Cross by Bruce Walker Pdf

An exploration of the Nazi's plans to eliminate Christianity.