Covid 19 And Food Security In Ethiopia

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COVID-19 and food security in Ethiopia: Do social protection programs protect?

Abay, Kibrom A.,Berhane, Guush,Hoddinott, John F.,Tafere, Kibrom
COVID 19 and food security in Ethiopia Do social protection programs protect Book PDF

Author : Abay, Kibrom A.,Berhane, Guush,Hoddinott, John F.,Tafere, Kibrom
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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COVID-19 and food security in Ethiopia: Do social protection programs protect? by Abay, Kibrom A.,Berhane, Guush,Hoddinott, John F.,Tafere, Kibrom Pdf

We assess the impact of Ethiopia’s flagship social protection program, the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and nutrition security of households, mothers, and children. We use both pre-pandemic in-person household survey data and a post-pandemic phone survey. Two thirds of our respondents reported that their incomes had fallen after the pandemic began and almost half reported that their ability to satisfy their food needs had worsened. Employing a household fixed effects difference-in-difference approach, we find that the household food insecurity increased by 11.7 percentage points and the size of the food gap by 0.47 months in the aftermath of the onset of the pandemic. Participation in the PSNP offsets virtually all of this adverse change; the likelihood of becoming food insecure increased by only 2.4 percentage points for PSNP households and the duration of the food gap increased by only 0.13 months. The protective role of PSNP is greater for poorer households and those living in remote areas. Results are robust to definitions of PSNP participation, different estimators and how we account for the non-randomness of mobile phone ownership. PSNP households were less likely to reduce expenditures on health and education by 7.7 percentage points and were less likely to reduce expenditures on agricultural inputs by 13 percentage points. By contrast, mothers’ and children’s diets changed little, despite some changes in the composition of diets with consumption of animal source foods declining significantly.

COVID-19 and Food Security in Ethiopia

Kibrom A. Abay,Guush Berhane,John Hoddinott,Kibrom Tafere
COVID 19 and Food Security in Ethiopia Book PDF

Author : Kibrom A. Abay,Guush Berhane,John Hoddinott,Kibrom Tafere
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1236024233

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COVID-19 and Food Security in Ethiopia by Kibrom A. Abay,Guush Berhane,John Hoddinott,Kibrom Tafere Pdf

This paper assesses the impact of Ethiopia's flagship social protection program, the Productive Safety Net Program on the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food and nutrition security of households, mothers, and children. The analysis uses pre-pandemic, in-person household survey data and a post-pandemic phone survey. Two-thirds of the respondents reported that their incomes had fallen after the pandemic began, and almost half reported that their ability to satisfy their food needs had worsened. Employing a household fixed effects difference-in-difference approach, the study finds that household food insecurity increased by 11.7 percentage points and the size of the food gap by 0.47 months in the aftermath of the onset of the pandemic. Participation in the Productive Safety Net Program offsets virtually all of this adverse change - the likelihood of becoming food insecure increased by only 2.4 percentage points for Productive Safety Net Program households and the duration of the food gap increased by only 0.13 month. The protective role of the program is greater for poorer households and those living in remote areas. The results are robust to various definitions of program participation, different estimators, and different ways of accounting for the non-randomness of mobile phone ownership. Productive Safety Net Program participants were less likely to reduce expenditures on health and education by 7.7 percentage points and less likely to reduce expenditures on agricultural inputs by 13 percentage points. By contrast, mothers' and children's diets changed little, despite some changes in the composition of diets, with consumption of animal source foods declining significantly.

Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: July 2020 report Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: July 2020 report

de Brauw, Alan,Hirvonen, Kalle,Abate, Gashaw T.
Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa Ethiopia during COVID 19 pandemic July 2020 report Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa Ethiopia during COVID 19 pandemic July 2020 report Book PDF

Author : de Brauw, Alan,Hirvonen, Kalle,Abate, Gashaw T.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-07-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: July 2020 report Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: July 2020 report by de Brauw, Alan,Hirvonen, Kalle,Abate, Gashaw T. Pdf

In early July 2020, we called by telephone a representative sample of nearly 600 households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to assess income changes and household food and nutrition security status during the COVID-19 pandemic (recall period covering June). This was the third administration of a COVID-19 related survey to these households, following surveys in early May 2020 and early June. About 64 percent of the households indicated in the third survey that their incomes were lower than expected (down from 67 percent reporting lower incomes than expected in previous month) and 42 percent reported that they are extremely stressed about the situation (down from 45 percent in previous month). Using a pre-pandemic wealth index, we find that less-wealthy households were considerably more likely to report income losses and high stress levels than were wealthier households. Compared to the period just before the pandemic (January and February 2020), indicators measuring food security have significantly worsened but during the pandemic they have remained relatively stable. Households now are less frequently consuming relatively more expensive but nutritionally richer foods, such as fruit and dairy products. However, overall food security status in Addis Ababa is not yet alarming and we see small signs of improvements in this July phone survey relative to previous months. However, many households have drawn down their savings over past months to buffer their food consumption. As the daily COVID-19 infection rates are still rising in Ethiopia, the food security situation in Addis Ababa may deteriorate over coming months, especially as the savings levels among the poorest households are now low. This calls for a further scale-up and strengthening of existing support programs.

Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: June 2020 report

Abate, Gashaw T.,de Brauw, Alan,Hirvonen, Kalle
Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa Ethiopia during COVID 19 pandemic June 2020 report Book PDF

Author : Abate, Gashaw T.,de Brauw, Alan,Hirvonen, Kalle
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2020-06-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: June 2020 report by Abate, Gashaw T.,de Brauw, Alan,Hirvonen, Kalle Pdf

In early June 2020, we called by telephone a representative sample of nearly 600 households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to assess income changes and household food and nutrition security status during the COVID-19 pandemic (survey period covering May). This was the second administration of a COVID-19 related survey to these households, following an initial survey conducted in early May 2020 covering the situation of the survey households in April. More than two-third of the households indicated in the second survey that their incomes were lower than expected (up from 58 percent in April) and 45 percent reported that they are extremely stressed about the situation (up from 35 percent in April). Using a pre-pandemic wealth index, we find that less-wealthy households were considerably more likely to report income losses and high stress levels than were wealthier households. Compared to a period just before the pandemic (January and February 2020), indicators measuring food security have significantly worsened but have remained the same since April. During the pandemic, households are less and less frequently consuming relatively more expensive but nutritionally richer foods, such as fruit and dairy products. However, overall food security status in Addis Ababa is not yet alarming, possibly because many households have been able to use their savings to buffer food consumption. As the pandemic is still in an early stage in Ethiopia, it is likely that these savings will not last throughout the pandemic, calling for a rapid scale-up of existing support programs.

Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: May 2020 report

Hirvonen, Kalle,Abate, Gashaw T.,de Brauw, Alan
Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa Ethiopia during COVID 19 pandemic May 2020 report Book PDF

Author : Hirvonen, Kalle,Abate, Gashaw T.,de Brauw, Alan
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Food and nutrition security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during COVID-19 pandemic: May 2020 report by Hirvonen, Kalle,Abate, Gashaw T.,de Brauw, Alan Pdf

We called by telephone a representative sample of 600 households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to assess household food and nutrition security status during the COVID-19 pandemic. More than half the households indicated that their incomes were lower than expected and more than one-third reported that they are extremely stressed about the situation. Using a pre-pandemic wealth index, we find that less-wealthy households were considerably more likely to report income losses and high stress levels than were wealthier households. Compared to a period just before the pandemic (January and February 2020), indicators measuring food security have significantly worsened. In April, households were less frequently consuming relatively more expensive but nutritionally richer foods, such as fruit and dairy products. However, overall food security status in Addis Ababa is not yet alarming, possibly because most households have used their savings to buffer food consumption. It is likely that these savings will not last for much longer, calling for a rapid scale-up of existing support programs.

Economic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: A review of phone survey evidence

Hirvonen, Kalle
Economic impacts of COVID 19 pandemic in Ethiopia A review of phone survey evidence Book PDF

Author : Hirvonen, Kalle
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 15 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Economic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: A review of phone survey evidence by Hirvonen, Kalle Pdf

As in most low and middle-income countries, the paucity of timely economic data in Ethiopia makes it difficult to understand the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. To mitigate this, several organizations have launched phone surveys to gather more information about the crisis. This research report reviews the available phone survey evidence as of mid-August 2020 and identifies knowledge gaps. First, the available evidence suggest that the pandemic has not led to unusually large increases in food prices. However, a case study in the vegetable sector suggests that price dynamics are highly context and crop specific, calling for more comprehensive price monitoring to identify food value chains and areas where food price increases may have been unusually rapid. Second, employment losses have concentrated on informal sector workers while redundancies in the formal sector have been less significant. Third, there is considerable uncertainty about the income, poverty, and food security implications of this crisis. While most households report income losses, the qualitative and subjective nature of these questions meanthat the magnitudes of these losses are unknown. In Addis Ababa, less subjective food security measures indicate only small negative changes in household food and nutrition security. Finally, due to limited access to mobile phones in rural areas, we have imperfect and incomplete information on how this crisis is affecting rural households.

COVID-19 and global food security: Two years later

McDermott, John,Swinnen, Johan
COVID 19 and global food security Two years later Book PDF

Author : McDermott, John,Swinnen, Johan
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896294226

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COVID-19 and global food security: Two years later by McDermott, John,Swinnen, Johan Pdf

Two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the health, economic, and social disruptions caused by this global crisis continue to evolve. The impacts of the pandemic are likely to endure for years to come, with poor, marginalized, and vulnerable groups the most affected. In COVID-19 & Global Food Security: Two Years Later, the editors bring together contributions from new IFPRI research, blogs, and the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub to examine the pandemic’s effects on poverty, food security, nutrition, and health around the world. This volume presents key lessons learned on food security and food system resilience in 2020 and 2021 and assesses the effectiveness of policy responses to the crisis. Looking forward, the authors consider how the pandemic experience can inform both recovery and longer-term efforts to build more resilient food systems.

COVID-19 and global food security

Swinnen, Johan, ed.,McDermott, John, ed.
COVID 19 and global food security Book PDF

Author : Swinnen, Johan, ed.,McDermott, John, ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896293878

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COVID-19 and global food security by Swinnen, Johan, ed.,McDermott, John, ed. Pdf

The coronavirus pandemic has sparked not only a health crisis but also an economic crisis, which together pose a serious threat to food security, particularly in poorer countries. COVID-19 & Global Food Security brings together a groundbreaking series of IFPRI blog posts looking at the impacts of COVID-19 and the policy responses. IFPRI researchers and guest bloggers provide key insights and analysis on how the global pandemic is affecting global poverty and food security and nutrition, food trade and supply chains, gender, employment, and a variety of policy interventions, as well as reflections on how we can use these lessons to better prepare for future pandemics. These pieces draw on a combination of conceptual arguments, global and country-level simulation models, in-country surveys, case studies, and expert opinions. Together, they present a comprehensive picture of the current and potential impact of COVID-19 and the world’s policy responses on global food and nutrition security.

Short-term evidence on wellbeing of rural Ethiopian households during the COVID-19 pandemic

Alderman, Harold,Gilligan, Daniel,Hidrobo, Melissa,Leight, Jessica,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum,Tambet, Heleene
Short term evidence on wellbeing of rural Ethiopian households during the COVID 19 pandemic Book PDF

Author : Alderman, Harold,Gilligan, Daniel,Hidrobo, Melissa,Leight, Jessica,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum,Tambet, Heleene
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 10 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Short-term evidence on wellbeing of rural Ethiopian households during the COVID-19 pandemic by Alderman, Harold,Gilligan, Daniel,Hidrobo, Melissa,Leight, Jessica,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum,Tambet, Heleene Pdf

In Ethiopia, as in much of sub-Saharan Africa, the first known case of coronavirus arrived in mid-March (on March 13, 2020), weeks after the pandemic had spread rapidly in parts of Europe and the United States. The government swiftly imposed restrictions to slow the spread of the virus, closing schools (on March 16, 2020), limiting travel and encouraging people to remain at home. Such restrictions were needed to keep the pandemic from overwhelming a healthcare system with limited capacity to respond to an infectious disease outbreak. Only limited information is available about the effect of these restrictions on economic activity, food security and livelihoods in Ethiopia. A survey of residents of Addis Ababa conducted in May 2020 found that more than half of households reported lower-than-expected incomes and more than one third were extremely stressed about the situation. These results further showed that poorer households were more severely affected, although the food security situation in Addis, while declining, was not yet dire.

Food marketing margins during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from vegetables in Ethiopia

Hirvonen, Kalle,Mohammed, Belay,Minten, Bart,Tamru, Seneshaw
Food marketing margins during the COVID 19 pandemic Evidence from vegetables in Ethiopia Book PDF

Author : Hirvonen, Kalle,Mohammed, Belay,Minten, Bart,Tamru, Seneshaw
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 16 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Food marketing margins during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from vegetables in Ethiopia by Hirvonen, Kalle,Mohammed, Belay,Minten, Bart,Tamru, Seneshaw Pdf

It is widely feared that the COVID-19 pandemic will lead to a significant worsening of the food security situation in low and middle-income countries. One reason for this is the disruption of food marketing systems and subsequent changes in farm and consumer prices. Based on primary data in Ethiopia collected just before the start and a few months into the pandemic, we assess changes in farm and consumer prices of four major vegetables and the contribution of different segments of the rural-urban value chain in urban retail price formation. We find large, but heterogeneous, price changes for different vegetables with relatively larger changes seen at the farm level, compared to the consumer level, leading to winners and losers among local vegetable farmers due to pandemicrelated trade disruptions. We further note that despite substantial hurdles in domestic trade reported by most value chain agents, increases in marketing – and especially transportation – costs have not been the major contributor to overall changes in retail prices. Marketing margins even declined for half of the vegetables studied. The relatively small changes in marketing margins overall indicate the resilience of these domestic value chains during the pandemic in Ethiopia.

National agrifood systems and COVID-19 in Ethiopia

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
National agrifood systems and COVID 19 in Ethiopia Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251353981

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National agrifood systems and COVID-19 in Ethiopia by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

This report describes: (i) policy measures enacted by the Government of Ethiopia to contain the spread of the virus; (ii) policies and measures to stabilize the functioning of agri-food systems; (iii) potential effects of policies on agri-food systems and vulnerable groups. Finally, the profile also assesses longer-term options for agri-food system policies and investments in Ethiopia so as to make them more resilient.

COVID-19 and food (in)security in Africa: Review of the emerging empirical evidence

Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.,Nshakira-Rukundo, Emmanuel,Gebrekidan, Bisrat
COVID 19 and food in security in Africa Review of the emerging empirical evidence Book PDF

Author : Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.,Nshakira-Rukundo, Emmanuel,Gebrekidan, Bisrat
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2022-05-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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COVID-19 and food (in)security in Africa: Review of the emerging empirical evidence by Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.,Nshakira-Rukundo, Emmanuel,Gebrekidan, Bisrat Pdf

COVID-19 risks rolling back many of the efforts and global successes recorded in reducing poverty and food insecurity. We undertake a systematic review of the growing microeconomic literature on the association between COVID-19 and food (in)security in Africa, discussing its implications for food policy and research. In doing so, we highlight some of the methodological weaknesses in answering policy-relevant questions on the causal link between COVID-19 and food insecurity. We also review the various coping strategies households are using to build resilience to COVID-19 and explore the role of social protection and other tools in mitigating some of the negative effects of COVID-19. This review provides evidence that COVID-19 is associated with food insecurity both ex-ante and ex-durante. There are many attempts to suggest this relationship may be causal with some robust methods in some contexts, but data limitations prevail which constrains causal learning. We also find evidence that income losses, loss of employment, and heightened food prices may be mediating the relationship between COVID-19 and food insecurity. Going further, we additionally review the mitigating role of social protection and remittances in reducing the negative effects of COVID-19 on food insecurity. Relatedly, we also show evidence that households are using various coping strategies such as food rationing and dietary change to cushion themselves against the COVID-19 shock but most of these measures remain adversely correlated with food insecurity. We end with a discussion on some potential interesting areas where future efforts can be geared to improve learning on the relationship between COVID-19, food insecurity, and building resilience to shocks.

Evidence on trends in wellbeing of rural Ethiopian households during the COVID-19 pandemic

Alderman, Harold,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hidrobo, Melissa,Leight, Jessica,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum,Tambet, Heleene
Evidence on trends in wellbeing of rural Ethiopian households during the COVID 19 pandemic Book PDF

Author : Alderman, Harold,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hidrobo, Melissa,Leight, Jessica,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum,Tambet, Heleene
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Evidence on trends in wellbeing of rural Ethiopian households during the COVID-19 pandemic by Alderman, Harold,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hidrobo, Melissa,Leight, Jessica,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum,Tambet, Heleene Pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a significant threat to public health throughout most of the world as the coronavirus continues to spread, mostly unchecked by limited availability of vaccines, and largescale surges in cases are fed by new variants of the virus. In Ethiopia, surges in COVID-19 cases after months of apparently low levels of infection have periodically required renewed restrictions locally to control the spread of the virus. Thus, it is necessary to review available date to understand the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on households in Ethiopia, and particularly on the poorest households, who are more vulnerable to protracted effects of the virus and associated restrictions on activity as a result of their limited resources. We present results of two rounds of a phone survey, conducted in June and August 2020, respectively, of around 1,200 rural households. All households in the sample are beneficiaries of the fourth phase of Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP4) and also participate in the USAID-funded Strengthening PSNP4 Institutions and Resilience (SPIR) project, implemented by World Vision, CARE and ORDA in North Wollo and Wag Himra zones in Amhara, and primarily in East and West Hararghe zones in Oromia. The targeted phone survey respondents were adult males from sample households in IFPRI’s experimental impact evaluation of SPIR who provided a phone number during the 2019 midline survey. This is a subsample of the broader SPIR evaluation sample as 33% of households provided a phone number and thus were eligible for inclusion in the phone survey. Available evidence suggests that households who provided a phone number are characterized by higher socioeconomic status vis-à-vis other SPIR households in the study sample who did not provide a phone number. However, as all households in the phone survey are SPIR beneficiaries, they are still relatively poor in the broader context of rural Ethiopia. We report evidence from the two survey rounds on coronavirus awareness and protective measures taken; changes in livelihoods, including crop production and livestock raising; access to and utilization of markets; changes in food consumption and food security; experience with desert locusts and fall armyworms; and exposure to public programming.

Impacts of COVID-19 on food security: Panel data evidence from Nigeria

Amare, Mulubrhan,Abay, Kibrom A.,Tiberti, Luca,Chamberlin, Jordan
Impacts of COVID 19 on food security Panel data evidence from Nigeria Book PDF

Author : Amare, Mulubrhan,Abay, Kibrom A.,Tiberti, Luca,Chamberlin, Jordan
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 43 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Impacts of COVID-19 on food security: Panel data evidence from Nigeria by Amare, Mulubrhan,Abay, Kibrom A.,Tiberti, Luca,Chamberlin, Jordan Pdf

This paper combines pre-pandemic face-to-face survey data with follow up phone surveys collected in April-May 2020 to quantify the overall and differential impacts of COVID-19 on household food security, labor market participation and local food prices in Nigeria. We exploit spatial variation in exposure to COVID-19 related infections and lockdown measures along with temporal differences in our outcomes of interest using a difference-in-difference approach. We find that those households exposed to higher COVID-19 cases or mobility lockdowns experience a significant increase in measures of food insecurity. Examining possible transmission channels for this effect, we find that COVID-19 significantly reduces labor market participation and increases food prices. We find that impacts differ by economic activities and households. For instance, lockdown measures increased households' experience of food insecurity by 12 percentage points and reduced the probability of participation in non-farm business activities by 13 percentage points. These lockdown measures have smaller impacts on wage-related activities and farming activities. In terms of food security, households relying on non-farm businesses, poorer households, those with school-aged children, and those living in remote and conflicted-affected zones have experienced relatively larger deteriorations in food insecurity. These findings can help inform immediate and medium-term policy responses, including social protection policies aiming at ameliorating the impacts of the pandemic, as well as guide targeting strategies of governments and international donor agencies by identifying the most impacted sub-populations.

Vegetable value chains during the COVID- 19 pandemic in Ethiopia: Evidence from cascading value chain surveys before and during the pandemic

Hirvonen, Kalle,Mohammed, Belay,Tamru, Seneshaw,Abate, Gashaw Tadesse,Minten, Bart
Vegetable value chains during the COVID 19 pandemic in Ethiopia Evidence from cascading value chain surveys before and during the pandemic Book PDF

Author : Hirvonen, Kalle,Mohammed, Belay,Tamru, Seneshaw,Abate, Gashaw Tadesse,Minten, Bart
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Vegetable value chains during the COVID- 19 pandemic in Ethiopia: Evidence from cascading value chain surveys before and during the pandemic by Hirvonen, Kalle,Mohammed, Belay,Tamru, Seneshaw,Abate, Gashaw Tadesse,Minten, Bart Pdf

We combine in-person survey data collected in February 2020 (i.e., just before the pandemic was declared) with phone survey data collected in March 2021 (i.e., one year into the pandemic) and August 2021 (i.e., approximately 18 months into the pandemic) to study how vegetable value chains in Ethiopia have coped with the COVID-19 pandemic. Focusing on the major vegetable value chain connecting farmers in East Shewa zone to consumers in Addis Ababa, we applied a cascading survey approach in which we collected data at all levels of the value chain: vegetable farmers, urban wholesalers, and retailers.