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Crystallization and Precipitation by G L Strathdee,M O Klein,L A Melis Pdf
Crystallization and Precipitation is a collection of papers that discusses the advancement in crystallization and precipitation technology. The titles assess the relative state of evolution of the science, engineering and practice in crystallization and precipitation. The coverage of the text includes chemical reactor approach to crystallizer analysis; uranium refining by uranyl nitrate hexahydrate crystallization; and valorization of liquid effluents by crystallization of sodium sulfate. The selection also covers precipitation of ferric arsenate from acid solutions; precipitation of silver on natural and synthetic sulphides theory and prospects of industrial use; and precipitation and its alternatives in the hydrometallurgy of gold. The book will be of great use to researchers and professionals who utilizes the mineral processes of crystallization and precipitation.
Handbook of Industrial Crystallization by Allan Myerson Pdf
Crystallization is an important separation and purification process used in industries ranging from bulk commodity chemicals to specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals. In recent years, a number of environmental applications have also come to rely on crystallization in waste treatment and recycling processes. The authors provide an introduction to the field of newcomers and a reference to those involved in the various aspects of industrial crystallization. It is a complete volume covering all aspects of industrial crystallization, including material related to both fundamentals and applications. This new edition presents detailed material on crystallization of biomolecules, precipitation, impurity-crystal interactions, solubility, and design. Provides an ideal introduction for industrial crystallization newcomers Serves as a worthwhile reference to anyone involved in the field Covers all aspects of industrial crystallization in a single, complete volume
Industrial Crystallization by Alison Lewis,Marcelo Seckler,Herman Kramer,Gerda van Rosmalen Pdf
A comprehensive overview of industrial crystallization, its theory and practice, including recent advances, real world case studies, and worked examples.
In this book the authors have drawn together theoretical and experimental material concerning precipitation to provide a uniform and coherent picture of the overall process. The focus is mainly on aqueous solutions and covers features common to all precipitation processes rather than individual cases. Considerable emphasis has been placed on developing a rigorous theoretical background to the kinetics of precipitation as well as attempting to demonstrate how this might be applied to industrial operations. Extensive tables in the appendices define the solubility products of inorganic substances, the surface energies of precipitated solids and solution concentration units.
Crystallization Process Systems by Alan G. Jones Pdf
Particulate Crystal Characteristics; Fluid-particle Transport Processes; Crystallization Principles and Techniques; Crystal Formation Processes; Crystallizer Design and Operation; Solid-Liquid Separation Processes; Design of Crystallization Process Systems.
Handbook of Downstream Processing by E. Goldberg Pdf
The last two decades have seen a phenomenal growth of the field of genetic or biochemical engineering and have witnessed the development and ultimately marketing of a variety of products-typically through the manipulation and growth of different types of microorganisms, followed by the recovery and purification of the associated products. The engineers and biotechnologists who are involved in the full-scale process design of such facilities must be familiar with the variety of unit operations and equipment and the applicable regulatory requirements. This book describes current commercial practice and will be useful to those engineers working in this field in the design, construction and operation of pharmaceutical and biotechnology plants. It will be of help to the chemical or pharmaceutical engineer who is developing a plant design and who faces issues such as: Should the process be batch or continuous or a combination of batch and continuous? How should the optimum process design be developed? Should one employ a new revolutionary separation which could be potentially difficult to validate or use accepted technology which involves less risk? Should the process be run with ingredients formulated from water for injection, deionized water, or even filtered tap water? Should any of the separations be run in cold rooms or in glycol jacketed lines to minimize microbial growth where sterilization is not possible? Should the process equipment and lines be designed to be sterilized in-place, cleaned-in-place, or should every piece be broken down, cleaned and autoclaved after every turn?
Advances in Industrial Crystallization by John Garside,J. Garside,R. Davey,A. G. Jones Pdf
A treatment of crystallization as a separation and purification technique in the chemical industry, reflecting its application to new metallic, ceramic, and polymer materials; fine and specialty chemicals; and medical, biochemical, and biotechnological products. The 15 papers, from a meeting of unspecified date and location, discuss precipitation and nucleation, crystallization kinetics, habit modification, and crystallizer design and operation. No index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Crystallization: Processes and Applications by Garry Hollis Pdf
A solid material whose constituents such as atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure is referred to as a crystal. The physical transformation of a liquid, solution, or gas to a crystal is known as crystallization. Crystals are formed by phenomena such as precipitation, freezing, or deposition directly from a gas. The occurrence of crystallization involves two major steps, namely, nucleation and crystal growth. Its most prominent application is salt crystallization which is the most cost-effective way to produce salt. Applications of crystallization involve compound purification and crystal production. The book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of crystallization and the recent researches in this area. Also included herein is a detailed explanation of the various concepts and applications of this process. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.
Crystallization is a natural occurring process but also a process abundantly used in the industry. Crystallization can occur from a solution, from the melt or via deposition of material from the gas phase (desublimation). Crystals distinguish themself from liquids, gases and amorphous substances by the long-range order of its building blocks that entail the crystals to be formed of well-defined faces, and give rise to a large number of properties of the solid. Crystallization is used at some stage in nearly all process industries as a method of production, purification or recovery of solid materials. Crystallization is practiced on all scales: from the isolation of the first milligrams of a newly synthesized substance in the research laboratory to isolating products on the mulit-million tonne scale in industry. The book describes the breadth of crystallization operations, from isolation from a reaction broth to purification and finally to tailoring product properties. In the first section of the book, the basic mechanisms - nucleation, growth, attrition and agglomeration are introduced. It ensures an understanding of supersaturation, the driving force of crystallization. Furthermore, the solubility of the substance and its dependences on process conditions and the various techniques of crystallization and their possibilities and limitations are discussed. Last but not least, the first part includes an intensive treatment of polymorphism . The second part builds on the basics, exploring how crystallization processes can be developed, either batch-wise or continuous, from solution or from the melt. A discussion of the purification during crystallization serves as a link between the two sections, where practical aspects and an insight using theoretical concepts are combined. Mixing and its influence on the crystallization as well as the mutual interference of down-stream processes with the crystallization are also treated. Finally, techniques to characterize the crop are discussed. The third part of the book is dedicated to accounts of actual developments and of carried-out crystallizations. Typical pitfalls and strategies to avoid these as well as the design of robust processes are presented.
Industrial Crystallization Process Monitoring and Control by Angelo Chianese,Herman J. Kramer Pdf
Crystallization is an important technique for separation and purification of substances as well as for product design in chemical, pharmaceutical and biotechnological process industries. This ready reference and handbook draws on research work and industrial practice of a large group of experts in the various areas of industrial crystallization processes, capturing the essence of current trends, the markets, design tools and technologies in this key field. Along the way, it outlines trouble free production, provides laboratory controls, analyses case studies and discusses new challenges. First the instrumentation and techniques used to measure the crystal size distribution, the nucleation and solubility points, and the chemical composition of the solid and liquid phase are outlined. Then the main techniques adopted to control industrial crystallizers, starting from fundamental approaches to the most advanced ones, including the multivariable predictive control are described. An overview of the main crystallizer types is given with details of the main control schemes adopted in industry as well as the more suitable sensors and actuators.
Crystallization Technology Handbook by A. Mersmann Pdf
This handbook seeks to facilitate the selection, design and operation of large-scale industrial crystallizers that process crystals with the proper size distribution, shape and purity sought. This second edition offers results on direct-contact cooling crystallization.
Crystallization and Applications by Youssef Ben Smida,Riadh Marzouki Pdf
The crystallization process may be used in chemistry, physics, or materials science to prepare materials for special applications such as batteries, fuel cells, and optics. In chemistry and physics, researchers prepare polycrystalline powders or thin films. In biology and pharmacology, proteins and drugs are obtained as polycrystalline powder and their structures are determined by X-ray powder diffraction or neutron diffraction. The synthesis of polycrystalline powder or thin films depends on several factors such as temperature, pressure, and operating parameters. This book discusses the phenomenon of crystallization in several fields and applications.
