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Author : Jonathan Fox
Publisher : University of California, San Diego, Center for U.S.-Mexicanstudies
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015037835868
Author : Krister Andersson,Gustavo Gordillo,Frank van Laerhoven
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0816527016
Despite the recent economic upswing in many Latin American countries, rural poverty rates in the region have actually increased during the past two decades. Experts blame excessively centralized public administrations for the lackluster performance of public policy initiatives. In response, decentralization reformshave become a common government strategy for improving public sector performance in rural areas. The effect of these reforms is a topic of considerable debate among government officials, policy scholars, and citizensÕ groups. This book offers a systematic analysis of how local governments and farmer groups in Latin America are actually faring today. Based on interviews with more than 1,200 mayors, local officials, and farmers in 390 municipal territories in four Latin American nations, the authors analyze the ways in which different forms of decentralization affect the governance arrangements for rural development Òon the ground.Ó Their comparative analysis suggests that rural development outcomes are systemically linked to locally negotiated institutional arrangementsÑformal and informalÑbetween government officials, NGOs, and farmer groups that operate in the local sphere. They find that local-government actors contribute to public services that better assist the rural poor when local actors cooperate to develop their own institutional arrangements for participatory planning, horizontal learning, and the joint production of services. This study brings substantive data and empirical analysis to a discussion that has, until now, more often depended on qualitative research in isolated cases. With more than 60 percent of Latin AmericaÕs rural population living in poverty, the results are both timely and crucial.
Author : Jeremy Heald
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Mexico
ISBN : 6077778141
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Decentralization in government
ISBN : UTEXAS:059173010099494
Author : Edmundo Flores
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Rural development
ISBN : OCLC:24653344
Author : Trench, T.,Larson, A.M.,Libert Amico, A.,Ravikumar, A.
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-16
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Who makes land use decisions, how are decisions made, and who influences whom, how and why? This working paper is part of a series based on research studying multilevel decision-making institutions and processes. The series is aimed at providing insight i
Author : Carl K. Eicher,John M. Staatz
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 636 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1998-11-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0801858798
Other topics include market failures, food insecurity, rural poverty, environmental degradation, income and asset inequality, fiscally sustainable organizations, the changing roles of the public and private sector in research, input delivery systems, marketing and low rates of agricultural growth in much of sub-Saharan Africa.
Author : Paul Lindert,Otto Verkoren
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2010-03-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789048137398
Much of the scholarly and professional literature on development focuses either on the ‘macro’ level of national policies and politics or on the ‘micro’ level of devel- ment projects and household or community socio-economic dynamics. By contrast, this collection pitches itself at the ‘meso’ level with a comparative exploration of the ways in which local institutions – municipalities, local governments, city authorities, civil society networks and others – have demanded, and taken on, a greater role in planning and managing development in the Latin American region. The book’s rich empirical studies reveal that local institutions have engaged upwards, with central authorities, to shape their policy and resource environments and in turn, been pressured from ‘below’ by local actors contesting the ways in which the structures and processes of local governance are framed. The examples covered in this volume range from global cities, such as Mexico and Santiago, to remote rural areas of the Bolivian and Brazilian Amazon. As a result the book provides a deep understanding of the diversity and complexity of local governance and local development in Latin America, while avoiding the stereotyped claims about the impact of globalisation or the potential benefits of decentralisation, as frequently stated in less empirically grounded analysis.
Author : Peter P. Houtzager,Michael Peter Moore
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2009-12-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0472024817
After two decades of marketizing, an array of national and international actors have become concerned with growing global inequality, the failure to reduce the numbers of very poor people in the world, and a perceived global backlash against international economic institutions. This new concern with poverty reduction and the political participation of excluded groups has set the stage for a new politics of inclusion within nations and in the international arena. The essays in this volume explore what forms the new politics of inclusion can take in low- and middle-income countries. The contributors favor a polity-centered approach that focuses on the political capacities of social and state actors to negotiate large-scale collective solutions and that highlights various possible strategies to lift large numbers of people out of poverty and political subordination. The contributors suggest there is little basis for the radical polycentrism that colors so much contemporary development thought. They focus on how the political capabilities of different societal and state actors develop over time and how their development is influenced by state action and a variety of institutional and other factors. The final chapter draws insightful conclusions about the political limitations and opportunities presented by current international discourse on poverty. Peter P. Houtzager is a Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex. He has been a visiting scholar at the Center for Latin American Studies, University of California, Berkeley, visiting lecturer at Stanford University, and lecturer at St. Mary's College. A political scientist with broad training in comparative politics and historical-institutional analysis, he has written extensively on the institutional roots of collective action. Mick Moore is a Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, as well as Director of the Centre for the Future State. He has been a visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His professional interests include political and institutional aspects of poverty reduction and of economic policy and performance, the politics and administration of development, and good government.
Author : Jonathan A. Fox
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2007-12-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191607264
How can the seeds of accountability ever grow in authoritarian environments? Embedding accountability into the state is an inherently uneven, partial and contested process. Campaigns for public accountability often win limited concessions at best, but they can leave cracks in the system that serve as handholds for subsequent efforts to open up the state to public scrutiny. This book explores the how civil society "thickens" by comparing two decades of rural citizens' struggles to hold the Mexican state accountable, exploring both change and continuity before, during, and after national electoral turning points. The book addresses how much power-sharing really happens in policy innovations that include participatory social and environmental councils, citizen oversight of elections, local government social investment funds, participation reforms in World Bank projects, community-managed food programs, as well as new social oversight and public information access reforms. Meanwhile, efforts to exercise voice unfold at the same time as rural citizens consider their exit options, as millions migrate to the US, where many have since come together in a new migrant civil society. Since explanations of electoral change do not account for how people actually experience the state, this book concludes that new analytical frameworks are needed to understand "transitions to accountability." This involves unpacking the interaction between participation, transparency and accountability. Oxford Studies in Democratization is a series for scholars and students of comparative politics and related disciplines. Volumes concentrate on the comparative study of the democratization process that accompanied the decline and termination of the cold war. The geographical focus of the series is primarily Latin America, the Caribbean, Southern and Eastern Europe, and relevant experiences in Africa and Asia. The series editor is Laurence Whitehead, Official Fellow, Nuffield College, University of Oxford.
Author : Ruth Alsop
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780821363102
This publication contains a number of essays and supplementary materials based on a two-day working meeting, held in Washington D.C. in March 2004 and organised jointly by the World Bank and the UK Department for International Development, to consider the relationships between power, rights and poverty reduction issues in theory and practice. Issues addressed include: competing definitions and concepts of power and rights, using experiences drawn from different countries; ways of helping development practitioners to apply these concepts to their work; a summary of the major theoretical conceptualisations of power and a literature review on power and rights.
Author : Jeffrey H. Cohen
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780292782587
Migration is a way of life for many individuals and even families in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Some who leave their rural communities go only as far as the state capital, while others migrate to other parts of Mexico and to the United States. Most send money back to their communities, and many return to their homes after a few years. Migration offers Oaxacans economic opportunities that are not always available locally—but it also creates burdens for those who stay behind. This book explores the complex constellation of factors that cause rural Oaxacans to migrate, the historical and contemporary patterns of their migration, the effects of migration on families and communities, and the economic, cultural, and social reasons why many Oaxacans choose not to migrate. Jeffrey Cohen draws on fieldwork and survey data from twelve communities in the central valleys of Oaxaca to give an encompassing view of the factors that drive migration and determine its outcomes. He demonstrates conclusively that, while migration is an effective way to make a living, no single model can explain the patterns of migration in southern Mexico.
Author : Gerardo Otero
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-07-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781848137332
Mexico in Transition provides a wide-ranging, empirical and up-to-date survey of the multiple impacts neoliberal policies have had in practice in Mexico over twenty years, and the specific impacts of the NAFTA Agreement. The volume covers a wide terrain, including the effects of globalization on peasants; the impact of neoliberalism on wages, trade unions, and specifically women workers; the emergence of new social movements El Barzón and the Zapatistas (EZLN); how the environment, especially biodiversity, has become a target for colonization by transnational corporations; the political issue of migration to the United States; and the complicated intersections of economic and political liberalization. Mexico in Transition provides rich concrete evidence of what happens to the different sectors of an economy, its people, and natural resources, as the profound change of direction that neoliberal policy represents takes hold. It also describes and explains the diverse forms of resistance and challenge that different civil-society groups of those affected are now offering to a model the downsides of which are becoming increasingly manifest.
Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Decentralization in government
ISBN : 9251042241
Author : Jennie Ilene Litvack,Junaid Ahmad,Richard Miller Bird
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821343505
In an effort to reduce poverty and improve nutrition, this Bank operation assisted the Indian program Operation Flood to develop the dairy industry in India. This study examines the policy changes instituted to support the aid flow to the dairy sector and discusses the lessons learned and benefits realized through improved dairy production. It also presents suggestions for improvement. This program differs from other Bank efforts in that it focuses on a single commodity to alleviate poverty and raise living standards.