Rethinking Decentralization In Developing Countries

Author : Jennie Ilene Litvack,Junaid Ahmad,Richard Miller Bird
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821343505

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Rethinking Decentralization in Developing Countries by Jennie Ilene Litvack,Junaid Ahmad,Richard Miller Bird Pdf

In an effort to reduce poverty and improve nutrition, this Bank operation assisted the Indian program Operation Flood to develop the dairy industry in India. This study examines the policy changes instituted to support the aid flow to the dairy sector and discusses the lessons learned and benefits realized through improved dairy production. It also presents suggestions for improvement. This program differs from other Bank efforts in that it focuses on a single commodity to alleviate poverty and raise living standards.

Author : Jennie Ilene Litvack
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:811259058

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Rethinking Decentralization in Developing Countries by Jennie Ilene Litvack Pdf

Author : Roy Bahl,Richard M. Bird
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781786435309

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Fiscal Decentralization and Local Finance in Developing Countries by Roy Bahl,Richard M. Bird Pdf

This book draws on experiences in developing countries to bridge the gap between the conventional textbook treatment of fiscal decentralization and the actual practice of subnational government finance. The extensive literature about the theory and practice is surveyed and longstanding problems and new questions are addressed. It focuses on the key choices that must be made in decentralizing, on how economic and political factors shape the choices that countries make, and on how, by paying more attention to the need for a more comprehensive approach and the critical connections between different components of decentralization reform, everyone involved might get more for their money.

Author : G. Shabbir Cheema,Dennis A. Rondinelli
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1983-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105111450420

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Decentralization & Development by G. Shabbir Cheema,Dennis A. Rondinelli Pdf

Disillusioned with the results of centralized government planning, many countries have recently tried placing planning authority with state, regional or district agencies. The authors in this volume examine experiences in Asia, South America, and Africa to review the varieties of decentralization policies and programmes. They identify the social, economic, and political factors that seem to influence their success or failure. Alternative approaches to decentralization of development planning are discussed, and prescriptions for improved implementation are made. Different concepts of decentralization are explored throughout the book, and the advantages and disadvantages of different forms of decentralization are also detailed.

Author : Jorge Martinez-Vazquez,François Vaillancourt
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Decentralization in government
ISBN : 1849805083

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Decentralization in Developing Countries by Jorge Martinez-Vazquez,François Vaillancourt Pdf

This insightful study examines the decentralization experiences from 15 countries in different regions of the world. All of these countries have actively attempted to decentralize, or continue to do so, and have faced obstacles serious enough to either derail or significantly delay their decentralization objectives.

Author : Anwar Shah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290705932

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Fiscal Decentralization in Developing and Transition Economies by Anwar Shah Pdf

Shah discusses the revolution in public sector thinking that is transforming the public sectors of developing and transition countries. Countries are reconsidering their fiscal systems and searching for the right balance between central government control and decentralized governance. Political decentralization has advanced in most countries. Subnational expenditures in developing countries as a percentage of total public expenditures have also increased over the past two decades. However, the process is far from complete. In many countries, the central government is still involved in the delivery of local services, local governments have few sources of own-revenues, local governments have limited access to borrowing for capital projects, and the design of intergovernmental transfers does neither address regional fiscal equity nor convey appropriate incentives for fiscal discipline, improved service delivery performance, and accountability to citizens.Decentralized public governance can help realign public sector incentives through greater accountability to citizens, and attenuate the quot;democracy deficitquot; caused by globalization and the role of supranational institutions and regimes. However, this requires careful examination of the entire fiscal system. Elements of a comprehensive package of fiscal system reforms would include:- Clarifying roles of various levels of government in public service delivery.- Reassigning taxing responsibilities to ensure local revenue autonomy, accountability, and efficiency without endangering an internal common market.- Designing fiscal transfers to ensure regional fiscal equity and to create an enabling environment for innovative and competitive service delivery.- Facilitating responsible credit market access to subnational governments.- Designing institutional arrangements for intergovernmental fiscal relations to better coordinate policies.- Aligning operational capacity with the authorizing environment through the quot;accountability for resultsquot; framework of public management.This paper - a product of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Division, World Bank Institute - is part of a larger effort in the institute to disseminate ideas in strengthening responsive, responsible, and accountable public governance.

Author : Daniel Treisman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2007-07-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139466493

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The Architecture of Government by Daniel Treisman Pdf

Since the days of Montesquieu and Jefferson, political decentralization has been seen as a force for better government and economic performance. It is thought to bring government 'closer to the people', nurture civic virtue, protect liberty, exploit local information, stimulate policy innovation, and alleviate ethnic tensions. Inspired by such arguments, and generously funded by the major development agencies, countries across the globe have been racing to devolve power to local governments. This book re-examines the arguments that underlie the modern faith in decentralization. Using logical analysis and formal modeling, and appealing to numerous examples, it shows that most are based on vague intuitions or partial views that do not withstand scrutiny. A review of empirical studies of decentralization finds these as inconclusive and mutually contradictory as the theories they set out to test.

Author : James Manor
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015042983646

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The Political Economy of Democratic Decentralization by James Manor Pdf

Nearly all countries worldwide are now experimenting with decentralization. Their motivation are diverse. Many countries are decentralizing because they believe this can help stimulate economic growth or reduce rural poverty, goals central government interventions have failed to achieve. Some countries see it as a way to strengthen civil society and deepen democracy. Some perceive it as a way to off-load expensive responsibilities onto lower level governments. Thus, decentralization is seen as a solution to many different kinds of problems. This report examines the origins and implications decentralization from a political economy perspective, with a focus on its promise and limitations. It explores why countries have often chosen not to decentralize, even when evidence suggests that doing so would be in the interests of the government. It seeks to explain why since the early 1980s many countries have undertaken some form of decentralization. This report also evaluates the evidence to understand where decentralization has considerable promise and where it does not. It identifies conditions needed for decentralization to succeed. It identifies the ways in which decentralization can promote rural development. And it names the goals which decentralization will probably not help achieve.

Author : Jean-Paul Faguet,Caroline Pöschl
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780198737506

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Is Decentralization Good for Development? by Jean-Paul Faguet,Caroline Pöschl Pdf

"This book is a product of the Initiative for Policy Dialogue's Decentralization Task Force, and was first conceived at a conference held at Columbia University in New York in 2009"--Page vii.

Author : Anwar Shah
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821365663

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Local Governance in Developing Countries by Anwar Shah Pdf

This book provides a new institutional economics perspective on alternative models of local governance, offering a comprehensive view of local government organization and finance in the developing world. The experiences of ten developing/transition economies are reviewed to draw lessons of general interest in strengthening responsive, responsible, and accountable local governance. The book is written in simple user friendly language to facilitate a wider readership by policy makers and practitioners in addition to students and scholars of public finance, economics and politics.

Author : Fumihiko Saito
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9784431539551

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Decentralization and Development Partnership by Fumihiko Saito Pdf

Decentralization - an essential pillar of institutional reform - is of critical importance in developing countries, particularly in regard to democratization, effective development, and good governance. Uganda, since 1986 and the start of decentralization measures under Yoweri Museveni and the National Resistance Movement, has represented one of the most serious commitments in Sub-Saharan Africa. With the benefit of extensive fieldwork, Fumihiko Saito demonstrates how conflict resolution, information dissemination, and encouragement of the many and varied stakeholders to form partnerships are critical to successfully bringing services "closer to the people. Decentralization and Development Partnerships: Lessons from Uganda goes beyond theory to compare academic assumptions to the reality of decentralization implementation in modern Uganda. Although the process is by no means free of difficulties, Saito concludes that a "win-win" outcome is a real possibility.

Author : G. Shabbir Cheema,Dennis A. Rondinelli
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2007-08-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815713906

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Decentralizing Governance by G. Shabbir Cheema,Dennis A. Rondinelli Pdf

The trend toward greater decentralization of governance activities, now accepted as commonplace in the West, has become a worldwide movement. This international development—largely a product of globalization and democratization—is clearly one of the key factors reshaping economic, political, and social conditions throughout the world. Rather than the top-down, centralized decisionmaking that characterized communist economies and Third World dictatorships in the twentieth century, today's world demands flexibility, adaptability, and the autonomy to bring those qualities to bear. In this thought-provoking book, the first in a new series on Innovations in Governance, experts in government and public management trace the evolution and performance of decentralization concepts, from the transfer of authority within government to the sharing of power, authority, and responsibilities among broader governance institutions. This movement is not limited to national government—it also affects subnational governments, NGOs, private corporations, and even civil associations. The contributors assess the emerging concepts of decentralization (e.g., devolution, empowerment, capacity building, and democratic governance). They detail the factors driving the movement, including political changes such as the fall of the Iron Curtain and the ascendance of democracy; economic factors such as globalization and outsourcing; and technological advances (e.g. increased information technology and electronic commerce). Their analysis covers many different contexts and regions. For example, William Ascher of Claremont McKenna College chronicles how decentralization concepts are playing out in natural resources policy, while Kadmeil Wekwete (United Nations) outlines the specific challenges to decentralizing governance in sub-Saharan Africa. In each case, contributors explore the objectives of a decentralizing strategy as well as the benefits and difficulties that will likely result.

Author : Charles Conteh,Ahmed Shafiqul Huque
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135100599

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Public Sector Reforms in Developing Countries by Charles Conteh,Ahmed Shafiqul Huque Pdf

The underpinning assumption of public management in the developing world as a process of planned change is increasingly being recognized as unrealistic. In reality, the practice of development management is characterized by processes of mutual adjustment among individuals, agencies, and interest groups that can constrain behaviour, as well as provide incentives for collaborative action. Paradoxes inevitably emerge in policy network practice and design. The ability to manage government departments and operations has become less important than the ability to navigate the complex world of interconnected policy implementation processes. Public sector reform policies and programmes, as a consequence, are a study in the complexities of the institutional and environmental context in which these reforms are pursued. Building on theory and practice, this book argues that advancing the theoretical frontlines of development management research and practice can benefit from developing models based on innovation, collaboration and governance. The themes addressed in Public Sector Reforms in Developing Countries will enable public managers in developing countries cope in uncertain and turbulent environments as they seek optimal fits between their institutional goals and environmental contingencies.

Author : Harry Anthony Patrinos,David Lakshmanan Ariasingam
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 0821339303

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Decentralization of Education by Harry Anthony Patrinos,David Lakshmanan Ariasingam Pdf

Central governments' supply-side expansions of schooling have not equally benefited all members of society, especially girls, indigenous peoples, tribal groups, disadvantaged minorities, and the poor. Public spending on education is often inefficient, higher education is subsidized at primary education's expense, and costs are becoming insupportable. To tackle such issues, some governments are exploring demand-side financing, whereby public funds are given directly to individuals or institutions on the basis of expressed demand. Use of decentralized, demand-side financing mechanisms (like vouchers and stipends) is common in member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. After defining several mechanisms, this booklet provides some country examples aiming to increase school enrollment: stipends in Bangladesh, community financing in Chad, targeted bursaries in China and Mexico, voucher schemes in Colombia, assistance to private schools serving poor children in the Dominican Republic and Pakistan, student loans in Jamaica, and community grants in Pakistan. Program success depends on beneficiaries' involvement and support, parents' active participation, private-sector schools' involvement, partnerships with commercial enterprises, flexibility, capacity building, cultural relevance, equity principles, and transparent fund transfer formulas. Contains 47 references. (MLH)

Author : Sylvia I. Bergh
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781786731166

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The Politics of Development in Morocco by Sylvia I. Bergh Pdf

Since the mid-1990s, Morocco has sought to present itself as a model of genuine and gradual reform, with decentralisation as a key tenet of this. Here, Sylvia Bergh investigates the dynamics of popular participation and local governance, testing the extent to which the current structure builds local capacity, or whether it is, in fact, a tool for 'soft' state control. She narrates the realities of local administration and civil society to shed critical light on questions of democratic transition in North Africa. Her assessment of decentralisation and participatory development projects in rural Morocco, and the legal and policy frameworks in which they operate, leads to the conclusion that they have generally not yet led to an expansion of a civil society able to build local capacity or enhance bottom-up empowerment. Grounded in an approach of the 'anthropology of policy', this book makes an important contribution to literature on the democratisation, development and governance in North Africa.