Decision Making In Action

Author : Gary A. Klein,Judith Orasanu,Roberta Calderwood
Publisher : Ablex Publishing Corporation
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1992-08-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0893919438

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Decision Making in Action by Gary A. Klein,Judith Orasanu,Roberta Calderwood Pdf

This book describes the new perspective of naturalistic decision making. The point of departure is how people make decisions in complex, time-pressured, ambiguous, and changing environments. The purpose of this book is to present and elaborate on past models developed to explain this type of decision making. The central philosophy of the book is that classical decision theory has been unproductive since it is so heavily grounded in economics and mathematics. The contributors believe there is little to be learned from laboratory studies about how people actually handle difficult and interesting tasks; therefore, the book presents a critique of classical decision theory. The models of naturalistic decision making described by the contributors were derived to explain the behavior of firefighters, business people, jurors, nuclear power plant operators, and command-and-control officers. The models are unique in that they address the way people use experience to frame situations and adopt courses of action. The models explain the strengths of skilled decision makers. Naturalistic decision research requires the examination of field settings, and a section of the book covers methods for conducting meaningful research outside the laboratory. In addition, since his approach has applied value, the book covers issues of training and decision support systems.

Author : Richard W. Morris,Aaron Bornstein,Amitai Shenhav
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128120996

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Goal-Directed Decision Making by Richard W. Morris,Aaron Bornstein,Amitai Shenhav Pdf

Goal-Directed Decision Making: Computations and Neural Circuits examines the role of goal-directed choice. It begins with an examination of the computations performed by associated circuits, but then moves on to in-depth examinations on how goal-directed learning interacts with other forms of choice and response selection. This is the only book that embraces the multidisciplinary nature of this area of decision-making, integrating our knowledge of goal-directed decision-making from basic, computational, clinical, and ethology research into a single resource that is invaluable for neuroscientists, psychologists and computer scientists alike. The book presents discussions on the broader field of decision-making and how it has expanded to incorporate ideas related to flexible behaviors, such as cognitive control, economic choice, and Bayesian inference, as well as the influences that motivation, context and cues have on behavior and decision-making. Details the neural circuits functionally involved in goal-directed decision-making and the computations these circuits perform Discusses changes in goal-directed decision-making spurred by development and disorders, and within real-world applications, including social contexts and addiction Synthesizes neuroscience, psychology and computer science research to offer a unique perspective on the central and emerging issues in goal-directed decision-making

Author : Markus Raab
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128235607

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Judgment, Decision-Making, and Embodied Choices by Markus Raab Pdf

Judgment, Decision-Making, and Embodied Choices introduces a new concept of embodied choices which take sensorimotor experiences into account when limited time and resources forces a person to make a quick decision. This book combines areas of cognitive psychology and movement science, presenting an integrative approach to understanding human functioning in everyday scenarios. This is the first book focusing on the role of the gut as a second brain, introducing the link to risky behavior. The book's author engages readers by providing real-life experiences and scenarios connecting theory to practice. Discusses the role of gut feelings and the brain-gut behavior connection Demonstrates that behavior influences decision and other people’s perceptions about mood or character Includes research on medical decisions and shopping decisions Illustrates how to train embodied choices

Author : Jean-Charles Pomerol
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118588062

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Decision Making and Action by Jean-Charles Pomerol Pdf

Making a decision, of any importance, is never simple. On the one hand, specialists in decision theory do not come within the reach of most policy makers and, secondly, there are very few books on pragmatic decision that are not purely anecdotal. In addition, there is virtually no book that provides a link between decision-making and action. This book provides a bridge between the latest results in artificial intelligence, neurobiology, psychology and decision-making for action. What is the role of intuition or emotion? What are the main psychological biases of which we must be wary? How can we avoid being manipulated? What is the proper use of planning? How can we remain rational even if one is not an expert in probabilities? Perhaps more importantly for managers, how does one go from decision to action? So many questions fundamental to the practice of decision-making are addressed. This book dissects all issues that arise almost daily for decision-makers, at least for major decisions. Drawing on numerous examples, this book answers, in plain language and imagery, all your questions. The final chapter takes the form of a brief reminder - everything you have to remember to be a good decision-maker.

Author : Carol-Lynne Moore
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Decision making
ISBN : OCLC:1158729657

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Executives in action by Carol-Lynne Moore Pdf

Author : Tilmann Betsch,Susanne Haberstroh
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135622947

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The Routines of Decision Making by Tilmann Betsch,Susanne Haberstroh Pdf

Experience is currently a hot theme in decision making. For a long time, decision research was almost exclusively focused on new decisions and neglected the importance of experience. It took the field until the 1990s for a new direction in research and theorizing to become visible in the literature. There are parallel movements happening in sociology, political science, social psychology, and business. The purpose of this edited book is to provide a balanced and representative overview of what is currently known about the dynamics of experienced-based decision making. The chapters are written by renowned experts in the field and provide the latest theoretical developments, integrative frameworks, and state-of-the-art reviews of research in the laboratory and in the field.

Author : Joan N. Vickers
Publisher : Human Kinetics
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Sports
ISBN : 0736042563

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Perception, Cognition, and Decision Training by Joan N. Vickers Pdf

Joan Vickers presents evidence on gaze control within visual perception and action in sport as well as the science underlying decision training.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1017251569

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Women in decision-making by Anonim Pdf

Author : Panel on Modeling Human Behavior and Command Decision Making: Representations for Military Simulations,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1998-08-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780309523899

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Modeling Human and Organizational Behavior by Panel on Modeling Human Behavior and Command Decision Making: Representations for Military Simulations,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,National Research Council Pdf

Simulations are widely used in the military for training personnel, analyzing proposed equipment, and rehearsing missions, and these simulations need realistic models of human behavior. This book draws together a wide variety of theoretical and applied research in human behavior modeling that can be considered for use in those simulations. It covers behavior at the individual, unit, and command level. At the individual soldier level, the topics covered include attention, learning, memory, decisionmaking, perception, situation awareness, and planning. At the unit level, the focus is on command and control. The book provides short-, medium-, and long-term goals for research and development of more realistic models of human behavior.

Author : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1999-06-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309064798

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Adolescent Decision Making by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families Pdf

Interest in the role that decision making plays in adolescents' involvement in high-risk behaviors led the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Planning and Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to request the Board on Children, Youth, and Families to convene a workshop on adolescent decision making. The Board on Children, Youth, and Families is a joint activity of the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine. A workshop was held on January 6-7, 1998, to examine what is known about adolescents' decision-making skills and the implications of that knowledge for programs to further their healthy development.

Author : James G. March
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1994-05-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781439108338

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A Primer on Decision Making by James G. March Pdf

Building on lecture notes from his acclaimed course at Stanford University, James March provides a brilliant introduction to decision making, a central human activity fundamental to individual, group, organizational, and societal life. March draws on research from all the disciplines of social and behavioral science to show decision making in its broadest context. By emphasizing how decisions are actually made -- as opposed to how they should be made -- he enables those involved in the process to understand it both as observers and as participants. March sheds new light on the decision-making process by delineating four deep issues that persistently divide students of decision making: Are decisions based on rational choices involving preferences and expected consequences, or on rules that are appropriate to the identity of the decision maker and the situation? Is decision making a consistent, clear process or one characterized by ambiguity and inconsistency? Is decision making significant primarily for its outcomes, or for the individual and social meanings it creates and sustains? And finally, are the outcomes of decision processes attributable solely to the actions of individuals, or to the combined influence of interacting individuals, organizations, and societies? March's observations on how intelligence is -- or is not -- achieved through decision making, and possibilities for enhancing decision intelligence, are also provided. March explains key concepts of vital importance to students of decision making and decision makers, such as limited rationality, history-dependent rules, and ambiguity, and weaves these ideas into a full depiction of decision making. He includes a discussion of the modern aspects of several classic issues underlying these concepts, such as the relation between reason and ignorance, intentionality and fate, and meaning and interpretation. This valuable textbook by one of the seminal figures in the history of organizational decision making will be required reading for a new generation of scholars, managers, and other decision makers.

Author : Miroslaw Kofta,Gifford Weary,Grzegorz Sedek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 479 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781475729016

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Personal Control in Action by Miroslaw Kofta,Gifford Weary,Grzegorz Sedek Pdf

This new study presents exciting international research developments on personal control and self-regulation. Each chapter examines the subject at a different level of analysis to foster a complete understanding. Brief synopses of each chapter are provided as introductions to the three major sections of the book. These sections cover the person as an agent of control, affective and cognitive mechanisms of executive agency, and reactions to threatened control.

Author : Daniel Kahneman
Publisher : Doubleday Canada
Page : 614 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780385676526

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Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman Pdf

NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER The guru to the gurus at last shares his knowledge with the rest of us. Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman's seminal studies in behavioral psychology, behavioral economics, and happiness studies have influenced numerous other authors, including Steven Pinker and Malcolm Gladwell. In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Kahneman at last offers his own, first book for the general public. It is a lucid and enlightening summary of his life's work. It will change the way you think about thinking. Two systems drive the way we think and make choices, Kahneman explains: System One is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System Two is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. Examining how both systems function within the mind, Kahneman exposes the extraordinary capabilities as well as the biases of fast thinking and the pervasive influence of intuitive impressions on our thoughts and our choices. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, he shows where we can trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking, contrasting the two-system view of the mind with the standard model of the rational economic agent. Kahneman's singularly influential work has transformed cognitive psychology and launched the new fields of behavioral economics and happiness studies. In this path-breaking book, Kahneman shows how the mind works, and offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and personal lives--and how we can guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble.

Author : Caroline E. Zsambok,Gary Klein
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317779599

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Naturalistic Decision Making by Caroline E. Zsambok,Gary Klein Pdf

If you aren't using the term naturalistic decision making, or NDM, you soon will be. Even as a very young field, NDM has already had far-reaching applications in areas as diverse as management, aviation, health care, nuclear power, military command and control, corporate teamwork, and manufacturing. Put simply, NDM is the way people use their experience to make decisions in the context of a job or task. Of particular interest to NDM researchers are the effects of high-stake consequences, shifting goals, incomplete information, time pressure, uncertainty, and other conditions that are present in most of today's work places and that add to the complexity of decision making. Applications of NDM research findings target decision aids and training that help people in their decision-making processes. This book reports the findings of top NDM researchers, as well as many of their current applications. In addition, the book offers a historical perspective on the emergence of this new paradigm, describes recent theoretical and methodological advancements, and points to future developments. It was written for people interested in decision making research and applications relative to a diverse array of work settings and products such as human-computer interfaces, decision support systems, individual and team training, product designs, and organizational development and planning.

Author : Dennis Bakke
Publisher : Pear Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780983263326

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The Decision Maker by Dennis Bakke Pdf

Argues that leaving decision making entirely to company leaders is a mistake and that giving decision-making power to people at all levels will energize a company and tap into its full potential.