Dietary Change And Food Demand In Urbanizing Bangladesh

Author : Ecker, Olivier,Comstock, Andrew R.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Dietary change and food demand in urbanizing Bangladesh by Ecker, Olivier,Comstock, Andrew R. Pdf

Poor-quality diets are one of the leading causes of malnutrition and common non-communicable disease. In this study, we use nationally representative household survey data and food demand system estimations to analyze dietary change and changing consumer preferences for different foods in the context of urbanization in low- and middle-income countries. We estimate and compare income and price elasticities of total food demand and the demand for 15 food groups in rural, urban, and city areas of Bangladesh for 2010 and 2016. We then use Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition regressions to explore how much of the observed food consumption changes can be explained by changes in revealed consumer preferences vis-à-vis changes in household income and food prices. The results show that Bangladeshi diets shifted from coarse to refined rice, and consumer preferences for vegetables and pulses were relatively low, contributing to worsening dietary quality. On the other hand, the consumption of nutritious, animal-source foods including fish, poultry, and eggs increased due to high consumer preferences and declining food prices-partly thanks to governmental production support. Regarding the dietary implications of rapid urbanization, the analysis suggests that rural consumers’ diets will largely follow the trajectory of urban consumers in Bangladesh.

Author : Olivier Ecker,Andrew R. Comstock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1356407827

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Dietary Change and Food Demand in Urbanizing Bangladesh by Olivier Ecker,Andrew R. Comstock Pdf

Author : de Brauw, Alan,Waid, Jillian,Meisner, Craig A.,Akter, Fahmida,Khan, Bushra Ferdous
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2020-01-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Food systems for healthier diets in Bangladesh: Towards a research agenda by de Brauw, Alan,Waid, Jillian,Meisner, Craig A.,Akter, Fahmida,Khan, Bushra Ferdous Pdf

The national food system of Bangladesh has made substantial progress since experiencing famine in 1974, soon after independence. After the famine, the government placed a strong emphasis on policies required to attain grain self-sufficiency; since attaining self-sufficiency, the production system, policies related to it, and resulting diets have begun to diversify. Nonetheless, undernutrition remains a problem, and fruit and vegetable consumption are inadequate for most people relative to international recommendations. Moreover, as the food system has begun to transition towards a modern one, challenges related to food safety and perceived food adulteration have begun to rise. Further, increased processed food intakes are potentially associated with existing rising overweight and obesity status. Both government interventions and innovations are needed to help shift the national food system to improve nutrient-dense food availability, particularly among the poor, and to limit the increase in processed food consumption.

Author : Mahrt, Kristi,Headey, Derek D.,Ecker, Olivier,Comstock, Andrew R.,Tauseef, Salauddin
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2023-02-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Dietary quality and nutrition in Myanmar: Past progress, current and future challenges by Mahrt, Kristi,Headey, Derek D.,Ecker, Olivier,Comstock, Andrew R.,Tauseef, Salauddin Pdf

In the decade prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Myanmar was in the midst of a dietary transition driven by rapid economic growth and urbanization. In this study, we first use national survey data to compare household diets in 2015 to the healthy diet recommendations of food-based dietary guidelines adapted for Myanmar, as well as estimated nutrient consumption relative to recommended intakes. We use these food group and nutrient consumption gaps to estimate a new measure of multidimensional dietary deprivation developed by Pauw et al. (2022), and a novel extension of that index to nutrient deprivation. Both deprivation indices are strongly negatively correlated with total household expenditure. We then use food demand estimation to estimate income and own price elasticities, which reveal strong preferences for animal-sourced foods, but weaker preferences for vegetables and pulses. Expenditure data also point to strong demand for oils/fats – a problem observed throughout developing Asia (Pingali and Abraham 2022) – and for food away from home, which partially explains the rising burden of overweight/obesity in Myanmar. Moreover, since most nutrient-dense foods are income- and price-elastic, estimated income elasticities suggest that recent declines in household income and increases in food prices in Myanmar will result in declining dietary diversity. We show that this is indeed the case utilizing household phone surveys conducted in recent years. We first use a food vendor survey to show that the cost of a healthy diet increased by 61 percent between September 2021 and September 2022. Next, we analyze a rural Dry Zone panel survey implemented 10 times over 2020-2021 and find that maternal and child dietary diversity both declined significantly as Myanmar’s economic situation deteriorated. Then, in a nationally representative phone survey conducted quarterly in 2022 over a period of rapid food inflation, we find further deterioration in diet quality among adults, but no deterioration among children 6-23 months of age, suggesting parents may be trying to insulate their children from the worst effects of the crisis. Finally, we conclude the paper by discussing policy and program options in very difficult political circumstances. Malnutrition is a multidimensional problem requiring multisectoral solutions, but at present the breakdown in the provision of even basic services makes significant progress highly unlikely, and reversing the recent deterioration in dietary quality and nutrition will surely require resolution of Myanmar’s political crisis. In the interim, we discuss three potentially effective types of interventions: (1) rice fortification to reduce micronutrient deficiencies; (2) homestead food production to improve dietary quality in farm households and rural and peri-urban communities; and (3) nutrition-sensitive social protection for vulnerable mothers and young children, with transfers ideally accompanied by nutrition education interventions.

Author : Gouel, Christophe,Guimbard, Houssein
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Nutrition transition and the structure of global food demand by Gouel, Christophe,Guimbard, Houssein Pdf

Estimating future demand for food is a critical aspect of global food security analyses. The process linking dietary changes to wealth is known as the nutrition transition and presents well-identified features that help to predict consumption changes in poor countries. This study proposes to represent the nutrition transition with a nonhomothetic, flexible-in-income, demand system, known as the Modified Implicitly Directly Additive Demand System (MAIDADS). The resulting model is transparent and estimated statistically based on cross-sectional information from FAOSTAT the statistical database of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. It captures the main features of the nutrition transition: rise in demand for calories associated with income growth; diversification of diets away from starchy staples; and a large increase in caloric demand for animal-based products, fats, and sweeteners. The estimated model is used to project food demand between 2010 and 2050 based on a set of plausible futures (trend projections and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios). The main results of these projections are as follows: (1) global food demand will increase by 46 percent, less than half the growth in the previous four decades; (2) this growth will be attributable mainly to lower-middle-income and low-income countries; (3) the structure of global food demand will change over the period, with a 95 percent increase in demand for animal-based calories and a much smaller 18 percent increase in demand for starchy staples; and (4) the analysis of a range of population and income projections reveals important uncertainties depending on the scenario, the projected increases in demand for animal-based and vegetal-based calories range from 78 to 109 percent and from 20 to 42 percent, respectively.

Author : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896292529

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2017 Global Food Policy Report by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Pdf

IFPRI’s flagship report reviews the major food policy issues, developments, and decisions of 2016, and highlights challenges and opportunities for 2017 at the global and regional levels. This year’s report looks at the impact of rapid urban growth on food security and nutrition, and considers how food systems can be reshaped to benefit both urban and rural populations.

Author : Ahmed, Akhter, ed.,Islam, Nurul, ed.,Mujeri, Mustafa K., ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789845063715

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Securing food for all in Bangladesh by Ahmed, Akhter, ed.,Islam, Nurul, ed.,Mujeri, Mustafa K., ed. Pdf

Securing Food for All in Bangladesh presents an array of research that collectively address four broad issues: (1) agricultural technology adoption; (2) input use and agricultural productivity; (3) food security and output market; and (4) poverty, food security, and women’s empowerment. The fifteen chapters of the book address diverse aspects within these four themes. Access to sufficient food by all people at all times to meet their dietary needs is a matter of critical importance. Despite declining arable agricultural land, Bangladesh has made commendable progress in boosting domestic food production. The growth in overall food production has been keeping ahead of population growth, resulting in higher per capita availability of food over time. In the early 1970s, Bangladesh was a food-deficit country with a population of about 75 million. Today, the population is 165 million, and the country is now self-sufficient in rice production, which has tripled over the past three decades. Along with enhanced food production, increased income has improved people’s access to food. Furthermore, nutritional outcomes have improved significantly. Nevertheless, the challenges to food and nutrition security remain formidable. Future agricultural growth and food and nutrition security are threatened by population growth, worsening soil fertility, diminishing access to land and other scarce natural resources, increasing vulnerability of crop varieties to pests and diseases, and persistent poverty leading to poor access to food. In addition, the impacts of climate change—an increase in the incidence of natural disasters, sea intrusion, and salinity—will exacerbate food and nutrition insecurity in the coming decades if corrective measures are not taken. Aligned with this context, the authors of the book explore policy options and strategies for developing agriculture and improving food security in Bangladesh. Securing Food for All in Bangladesh, with its breadth and scope, will be an invaluable resource for policymakers, researchers, and students dedicated to improving people’s livelihoods in Bangladesh.

Author : Raghbendra Jha,Raghav Gaiha,Anil B. Deolalikar
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 565 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781781004296

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Handbook on Food by Raghbendra Jha,Raghav Gaiha,Anil B. Deolalikar Pdf

'This volume is a welcome and timely contribution to a topic of enduring importance. The global consequences of recent food price crises underscore the need to examine food security issues from diverse perspectives. This volume meets that need, featuring accessible yet cutting-edge analyses of food security by leading experts in fields as diverse as trade, nutrition, public health, production, political economy, and behavioral economics. It will be of interest to a wide range of scholars and practitioners.' --Steven Block, Tufts University, US. 'This excellent volume offers a compact but wide-ranging survey of recent research on important changes in global food markets. Its 20 chapters accurately capture important areas of scholarly agreement as well as on-going debates among economists studying agriculture and nutrition, with several provocative original contributions from other fields. The book draws particularly on the authors' long experience in Asia, offering widely-applicable insights for scholars and policy analysts seeking to understand the past, present and future of food around the world.' --William A. Masters, Tufts University, US. The global population is forecasted to reach 9.4 billion by 2050, with much of this increase concentrated in developing regions and cities. Ensuring adequate food and nourishment to this large population is a pressing economic, moral and even security challenge and requires research (and action) from a multi-disciplinary perspective. This book provides the first such integrated approach to tackling this problem by addressing the multiplicity of challenges posed by rising global population, diet diversification and urbanization in developing countries and climate change. It examines key topics such as: the impact of prosperity on food demand, the role of international trade in addressing food insecurity, the challenge posed by greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and land degradation, the implication on labor markets of severe under-nutrition, viability of small scale farms, strategies to augment food availability. The Handbook on Food would be a welcome supplementary text for courses on development economics, particularly those concentrating on agricultural development, climate change and food availability, as well as nutrition.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 111 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781428940475

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Changing Structure of Global Food Consumption and Trade by Anonim Pdf

Author : Mansur Ahmed,Jean Saint-Geours,Ciliaka Gitau
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464816970

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Promoting Agrifood Sector Transformation in Bangladesh by Mansur Ahmed,Jean Saint-Geours,Ciliaka Gitau Pdf

Dietary patterns are changing in Bangladesh, and the demand for diverse, safe, and nutritious food is growing. To meet this additional demand, productive diversification in agriculture, and modernization along the agri-food value chain are needed.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,International Fund for Agricultural Development
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789251302484

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Dynamic development, shifting demographics and changing diets by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,International Fund for Agricultural Development Pdf

Asia and the Pacific is experiencing major demographic shifts and urbanizing rapidly. E-agriculture technologies (remote sensing, drones, sensors) are emerging, with potentially profound implications for the entire food system and management of the natural resource base. Structural transformation of the economy has also changed the nature of the food security problem. Earlier, many governments thought that producing more staple food was sufficient to improve food security. However, today’s economy, increasingly based on human capital and less on physical strength, requires that policies and programmes promote healthy diets for healthy people. This need for improved nutrition will require shifts in agricultural production and trade patterns. Solving the malnutrition problem in urban areas will also require different solutions than in rural areas, due to the difference in urban and rural food environments. In line with the structural transformation of the economy, farm households also increasingly rely on non-farm income to support their livelihoods and risk management strategies, which has implications for the uptake of new technologies. The demographic shifts, urbanization and structural changes in the economy, coupled with climate change, have made the food security and nutrition problem more complex than it was in the past. Solutions require input from different stakeholders, both public and private, as well as a range of government ministries, including Health, Finance, Education, Environment, Trade and Social Welfare in addition to Agriculture.

Author : Ahmed, Akhter,Bakhtiar, M. Mehrab,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hoddinott, John F.,Roy, Shalini,Anowar, Sadat,Hasan, Md. Al,Ghostlaw, Julie
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 8 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Changes in food insecurity in rural Bangladesh during COVID-19 by Ahmed, Akhter,Bakhtiar, M. Mehrab,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Hoddinott, John F.,Roy, Shalini,Anowar, Sadat,Hasan, Md. Al,Ghostlaw, Julie Pdf

representative sample of rural Bangladeshi households. • With the onset of the pandemic, combined with the lockdown restrictions imposed from March through May 2020, moderate and severe food insecurity tripled to 45 percent. This was likely driven by income losses and difficulties accessing food because of shop closures. • By January 2021, the proportion of moderately or severely food insecure households had largely returned to pre-pandemic levels. The September-October 2021 survey showed no meaningful further change in the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity despite the strict national lockdown imposed in July-August 2021. • A different picture emerges when we include the prevalence of mild food insecurity. The proportion of households reporting any food insecurity (mild, moderate or severe) increased from the pre-pandemic average of 45.7 percent to 87.8 percent in June 2020, before declining to 70.9 percent in January 2021 and 68 percent in September-October 2021. Dimensions of food insecurity that include consuming less diverse diets, being unable to eat healthy/nutritious food, and above all, being worried about not having enough food increased dramatically at the start of the pandemic and have remained elevated. • Pre-pandemic, the majority of rural households in our sample were fully food secure; 18 months after the onset of the pandemic only 32 percent report no forms of food insecurity. • In the immediate months after the outbreak (June 2020), many rural households coped by reducing expenditures on non-food goods, electricity and other utilities, and health-related items. The use of these forms of coping mechanisms has subsequently declined. However, the proportion of rural households that purchased food on credit (69 percent in June 2020) has barely changed and in all surveys fielded since the start of the pandemic, more than half of surveyed households have borrowed money to buy food. The continued use of savings and the ongoing use of credit to purchase food is consistent with the elevated levels of worry about not having enough food. • A substantial share of rural households reported receiving cash or in-kind safety net support during the pandemic, mostly from government sources. • Continued and expanded support from safety nets may be important, as many rural households face ongoing food insecurity and are using unsustainable coping strategies.

Author : Akhter Ahmed,John F. Hoddinott,Shalini Roy,Esha Sraboni
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Transfers, nutrition programming, and economic well-being: Experimental evidence from Bangladesh by Akhter Ahmed,John F. Hoddinott,Shalini Roy,Esha Sraboni Pdf

Interest has grown in leveraging cash transfer programs with nutrition interventions to improve child nutrition at scale. However, little is known about how doing so affects household economic well-being. We study a program providing cash or food transfers, with or without nutrition behavior change communication (BCC), to poor women in rural Bangladesh. We find that adding BCC to cash or food transfers leads to larger impacts on both consumption and assets - an apparent puzzle, given the transfer value is unchanged. Evidence suggests this occurs through the BCC inducing increases in income generation - plausibly by improving households’ social capital and empowerment.

Author : Edison Dayal
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015041064802

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Food, Nutrition, and Hunger in Bangladesh by Edison Dayal Pdf

This text examines how the food and hunger situation in Bangladesh has changed over time, and how the nation has handled the problem of feeding its large and rapidly increasing population from its meagre land resources.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 925105228X

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Globalization of Food Systems in Developing Countries by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Includes papers and case studies presented at a FAO workshop held in Rome, Italy from 8 to 10 October 2003