Different Psychological Perspectives On Cognitive Processes

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Different Psychological Perspectives on Cognitive Processes

Rossana Actis-Grosso,Alessandra Galmonte
Different Psychological Perspectives on Cognitive Processes Book PDF

Author : Rossana Actis-Grosso,Alessandra Galmonte
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781443875677

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Different Psychological Perspectives on Cognitive Processes by Rossana Actis-Grosso,Alessandra Galmonte Pdf

This book highlights some of the main lines of research in cognitive psychology in the Alps-Adria region, which, being geographically located in the centre of the European continent, encompasses eleven regions from six different countries: namely, Austria, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Serbia and Slovenia. The reason for bringing together authors from different geographical areas and with different approaches to the broad discipline defined as Cognitive Science is detailed in the first section of this book, which outlines a brief history of psychology in each country in the region and provides an overview of the spirit that characterizes the Alps-Adria working community. The Alps-Adria Rector Conference “believes that harmonious coexistence and efficient collaboration of the peoples and communities of the different regions constitute the characteristics and specificities of the present cultural landscape of the Alps-Adria region in Europe.” It is in this spirit that this book has been edited, underscoring the concept of unity in diversity that has characterized the Alps-Adriatic community. Furthermore, such unity is now a necessary attribute for science, where interdisciplinarity is both highly encouraged and increasingly accepted. The second and third sections of the book are devoted to situating this interdisciplinarity in the framework of cognitive science. As such, this book will serve as a basis for fruitful exchange not only inside the community, but also beyond both geographical and theoretical borders.

Psychological perspectives on expertise

Guillermo Campitelli,Michael H Connors, Merim Bilalić,David Zachary Hambrick
Psychological perspectives on expertise Book PDF

Author : Guillermo Campitelli,Michael H Connors, Merim Bilalić,David Zachary Hambrick
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2015-05-19
Category : Expertise
ISBN : 9782889195206

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Psychological perspectives on expertise by Guillermo Campitelli,Michael H Connors, Merim Bilalić,David Zachary Hambrick Pdf

Experts are persons who are very knowledgeable about or skillful in a particular area. The aim of this Research Topic is to advance knowledge in the understanding of the phenomenon of expertise by putting together different lines of research that directly or indirectly study expertise. Herbert Simon’s expertise studies initiated two lines of research. One is interested in elucidating the cognitive processes underlying expertise, and the other investigates how expertise develops. These lines of research started with studies comparing experts and novices in chess, and then they extended to numerous areas of expertise such as music, medical diagnosis, sports, arts and sciences. In the field of judgment and decision making researchers investigate the quality of judgments and decisions of experts in different professions (e.g., clinical psychologists, medical practitioners, judges, meteorologists, stock brokers). Those lines of research explicitly investigate the topic of expertise, but there are other research areas that make a substantial contribution to understanding expertise. Scholars in language acquisition and in face perception, for example, investigate cognitive processes and development of expertise in areas in which almost everyone becomes an expert. Furthermore, skill acquisition research informs in detail about short term cognitive changes that may be important to understand how expertise develops. We are interested in original research that advances knowledge in the understanding of decision making, cognitive processes and development of expertise in sports, intellectual games, arts, scientific disciplines and professions, as well as expertise in cognitive abilities such as perception, memory, attention, language and imagery. We are also interested in theoretical articles in any of these areas, articles that describe computational or mathematical models of expertise, and articles offering a framework that would guide expertise research. Articles that offer integrative approaches of some of the areas described above are strongly encouraged. The goal of this Research Topic is to produce a hallmark piece of work in the field of expertise, which complements and does not overlap with the “Neural implementations of expertise” Research Topic in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.

The Evolution of Cognitive Psychology

Patrick Kimuyu
The Evolution of Cognitive Psychology Book PDF

Author : Patrick Kimuyu
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-12-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783668592148

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The Evolution of Cognitive Psychology by Patrick Kimuyu Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Psychology - Cognition, grade: 1, Egerton University, language: English, abstract: This essay will give an overview of the evolution of cognitive psychology. It will discuss the emergence of cognitive psychology and its interdisciplinary perspective. It will also assess the effects of the decline of behaviorism on the discipline of cognitive psychology. Cognitive psychology is one of the core branches of psychology that is concerned with the study of mental processes. It deals with mental processes involving the use of the brain in problem-solving, memory and language. Cognitive psychology attempts to explain the correlation between the biological functions of the brain and the human mind in understanding the ambient environment. As such, it explains how individuals diagnose life issues, understand and solve problems in the day-to-day lives through their mental processes, which plays the principal role of mediating between stimulus from the environment and the response. Ordinarily, human beings exhibit several psychological manifestations. For instance, people possess the thinking ability, which enables them to reason out on diverse aspects of life, and they are also able to remember past events in their lives. They also portray perception on new happenings in life in an attempt to construct a realistic way of reasoning to unravel mysterious phenomena. Moreover, human beings have the ability to learn new skills from their day-to-day experiences and keep the memory of different episodes. From a psychological perspective, these are all the works of cognition. Ideally, cognition refers to thinking, a mental process through which people learn; reason and solve problems. So cognitive psychologists focus on how human beings acquire information from the environment, especially in the form of a stimulus and process it through mental cognitive processes. The processed information is then stored to keep the memory of life events. Cognitive psychology tends to focus on biology more than psychology; thus, it shows a significant lack of the behaviorism aspect of classical psychology.

Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition

D. Algom
Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition Book PDF

Author : D. Algom
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 639 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1992-08-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780080867465

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Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition by D. Algom Pdf

Our lives are informed by perceptual and cognitive processes at all levels, from instrumental learning to metaphorical discourse to memorial representation. Yet, historically, these two branches of experimental psychology, perception and cognition, have developed separately using independent methods of experimentation and analysis. This volume is motivated by the assumption that a fundamental integration of the two fields is fruitful methodologically and indispensable theoretically. It explores how the notion of psychophysics aligned with cognitive processes shapes the study of perception and cognition, and illuminates a variety of contemporary research issues from a novel theoretical perspective. The papers raise conceptual and metatheoretical issues against the background of relevant empirical data. The authors provide a virtually narrative account of the most recent developments in their respective fields of expertise in psychophysics and cognitive psychology. Hence, this volume gives the interested reader an opportunity to reflect critically upon some of the current issues defining the two domains and their conjunction. Topics discussed include the psychology and psychophysics of similarity, the psychophysics of visual memory and cognitive factors in judgment. The emerging notion of cognitive psychophysics may well warrant the attention of experts in the field.

Approaches to Cognition

Terry J. Knapp,Lynn C. Robertson
Approaches to Cognition Book PDF

Author : Terry J. Knapp,Lynn C. Robertson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-07-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317248156

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Approaches to Cognition by Terry J. Knapp,Lynn C. Robertson Pdf

To the vast majority of academic psychologists in the 1980s, the study of cognition referred to that area of psychology known as ‘cognitive psychology’. The major basis of this area had been the computer metaphor with its accompanying notion of the individual as an information-processing system. Yet within the field the study of cognition is much broader and has a history that reaches into antiquity, whereas ‘cognitive psychology’ as information-processing psychology had only recently become the standard bearer of cognitive studies. One of the purposes of this volume, originally published in 1986, was to articulate some of the fundamental distinctions between and concordances among different orientations concerning the study of cognition. The collection includes chapters on information processing, ecological, Gestalt, physiological, and operant psychology.

Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation

V. Hamilton,Gordon H. Bower,Nico H. Frijda
Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation Book PDF

Author : V. Hamilton,Gordon H. Bower,Nico H. Frijda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9789400927926

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Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation by V. Hamilton,Gordon H. Bower,Nico H. Frijda Pdf

This book presents the contributions of the members of an Advanced Research Workshop on Cogni ti ve Science Perspectives on Emotion, Motivation and Cognition. The Workshop, funded mainly by the NATO Scientific Affairs Division, together with a contribution from the (British) Economic and Social Research Council, was conducted at II Ciocco, Tuscany, Italy, 21-27 June 1987. The venue for our discussions was ideal: a quiet holiday hotel, 500m high in the Apennine mountain range, approached by a mile of perilously steep, winding narrow road. The isolation was conducive to concentrated discussions on the topics of the Workshop. The reason for the Workshop was a felt need for researchers from disparate but related approaches to cognition, emotion, and motivation to communicate their perspectives and arguments to one another. To take just one example, the framework of information processing and the metaphor of mind as a computer has wrought a major revolution in psychological theories of cogni tion. That framework has radically altered the way psychologists conceptualize perception, memory, language, thought, and action. Those advances have formed the intellectual substrate for the "cognitive science" perspective on mental life.

Perspectives on Cognitive Neuropsychology

G. Denes,C. Semenza,P. Bisiacchi
Perspectives on Cognitive Neuropsychology Book PDF

Author : G. Denes,C. Semenza,P. Bisiacchi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317267980

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Perspectives on Cognitive Neuropsychology by G. Denes,C. Semenza,P. Bisiacchi Pdf

Originally published in 1988, neuropsychology had evolved considerably in the decade prior to publication. Methods of research had changed, new topics of interests had emerged, and there had also been an ongoing debate as to the objectives of the field. This evolution had most radically affected the study of cognitive disorders – an area that had developed particularly rapidly in the years before and that ultimately became a field of inquiry in its own right, that of cognitive neuropsychology. The contributors to this volume all share a fascination with the new perspectives for understanding how the mind works that have arisen from the study of impaired cognition. Yet, and this was very characteristic of the state of the art in cognitive neuropsychology at the time, they disagreed on many important issues, even those pertaining to the most basic assumptions of their discipline. Therefore, the first part of this book is devoted to an attempt to define and clarify these basic issues and to the confrontation of alternative views. The remaining parts present original studies on several topics of particular interest in cognitive neuropsychology.

Cognitive Science Perspectives on Personality and Emotion

G. Matthews
Cognitive Science Perspectives on Personality and Emotion Book PDF

Author : G. Matthews
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 555 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1997-12-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0080529305

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Cognitive Science Perspectives on Personality and Emotion by G. Matthews Pdf

This book aims to highlight the vigour, diversity and insight of the various cognitive science perspectives on personality and emotion. It aims also to emphasise the rigorous scientific basis for research to be found in the integration of experimental psychology with neuroscience, connectionism and the new evolutionary psychology. The contributors to this book provide a wide-ranging survey of leading-edge research topics. It is divided into three parts, on general frameworks for cognitive science, on perspectives from emotion research, and on perspectives from studies of personality traits.

Perspectives on Mental Representation

Jacques Mehler,Edward C.T. Walker,Merrill Garrett
Perspectives on Mental Representation Book PDF

Author : Jacques Mehler,Edward C.T. Walker,Merrill Garrett
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781315521916

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Perspectives on Mental Representation by Jacques Mehler,Edward C.T. Walker,Merrill Garrett Pdf

Originally published in 1982, the editors felt that their field was clearly in need of explanatory accounts for many different areas. This volume presents statements of the status of research in several areas by scholars at the forefront of the discipline. It tries at the same time to juxtapose theoretical and experimental perspectives in order to display some of the major lines of tension in the field. Divided into 5 parts it covers: Theoretical Perspectives; Experimental Studies in Processing; Neuropsychological Studies in Processing; Studies in Development; followed by Commentary on some specific chapters.

Situated Cognition

David Kirshner,James A. Whitson
Situated Cognition Book PDF

Author : David Kirshner,James A. Whitson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781000106046

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Situated Cognition by David Kirshner,James A. Whitson Pdf

This book is a result of a symposium at a recent annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association that explored foundational issues relative to situated cognition theory. Its chapters contribute to discourse about repositioning situated cognition theory within the broader supporting disciplines and to resolving the problematics addressed within the book. There is a cumulative vision to the book -- its theme is that the notion of the individual in situated cognition theory needs to be fundamentally reformulated. No theoretical reconfiguration of the social world or of social practices can overcome an individual cast in the dualist tradition. This reformulation probes the physiological, psychoanalytic, and semiotic constitution of persons. Chapters authors cover a wide range of topics including: * transfer of training -- arguing that traditional cognitive psychology has found precious little evidence of people's ability to apply knowledge gained in one context to the problems encountered in another; * ecosocial systems -- a new object of inquiry for situated cognition theory in which the primary units of analysis are not things or people, but processes and practices; * how linkages between discursive practices are manifested as semiotic chaining of signifiers for individuals engaged in everyday activities at home or at school; * how the ability to function in ways that are consistent with logic emerges not through reflective abstraction on actions, but through an enhanced sense of agency as more responsible roles are adopted in daily life practices; * the mutual constitution of social and individual knowledge -- familiar terms and concepts normally available through linguistic labels are cultural models, to be distinguished from the variegated and hidden mid-level meanings that reflect their situated uses in social activity; * the material (neurological) substrate through which cultural models and mid-level meanings emerge; and * how learning environments can be structured to take advantage of the perceptual underpinnings of cognition.

Cognitive Processes in Individual and Collective Creativity: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Chang Liu,Linden John Ball,Haiying Long,Wangbing Shen
Cognitive Processes in Individual and Collective Creativity A Cross Cultural Perspective Book PDF

Author : Chang Liu,Linden John Ball,Haiying Long,Wangbing Shen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-12-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889632817

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Cognitive Processes in Individual and Collective Creativity: A Cross-Cultural Perspective by Chang Liu,Linden John Ball,Haiying Long,Wangbing Shen Pdf

Creativity, the highest level of human wisdom, has become an increasingly important concept in different fields of psychological enquiry, particularly because it is portrayed as contributing to many aspects of society, including personal development, economic prosperity and technological advancement. However, although considerable research attention from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds has focused on trying to understand creativity, the specific nature of creativity, its theoretical underpinnings and cognitive mechanisms, remain unclear, not least when it comes to the understanding of creativity at the individual level and creativity at the collective level. On the one hand, there are crucial distinctions between individual and collective creativity. On the other hand, the process of being creative involves not only independent or individual efforts but also interdependent or collective efforts. Understanding these differences and interrelationships is crucially important in studies of creativity. In this Research Topic, we bring together research from a wide variety of cognitive and psychological approaches and perspectives in order to provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of creativity at both the individual and collective levels. Furthermore, cognitive mechanisms in the creativity process are unavoidably affected by sociocultural factors and these mechanisms look different across cultures, particularly between Eastern cultures and Western cultures, two worlds that often imply dramatically dissimilar values and perspectives. Despite the fact that many studies have compared and contrasted these two cultures in various respects, little research has focused on the specific topic of cultural variation in creative cognition. In addition, very few studies have examined the differences in the cognitive mechanisms underpinning the cultural variations that can be observed at a surface level. This Research Topic aims to fill this gap in the literature and examine the cognitive processes and mechanisms in the creativity process at both individual and collective levels across different cultures by using theoretical and empirical evidence.

Cognitive Approaches to Human Perception

Soledad Ballesteros
Cognitive Approaches to Human Perception Book PDF

Author : Soledad Ballesteros
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317782599

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Cognitive Approaches to Human Perception by Soledad Ballesteros Pdf

Examining the current state of the research in perception stressing contributions in visual information processing, this volume provides an original and timely account of recent results obtained in this and other related areas of cognitive psychology. The scope of the book is intended to be broad, featuring state-of-the-art contributions from a number of outstanding researchers from different parts of the world -- the United States, Europe, and Australia. The intention is to update areas of considerable theoretical implications and active experimental investigation in this broad field called the "psychology of perception." This volume's main purpose is to highlight, from a cognitive position, a selected number of important theoretical and empirical topics which deal with critical issues in perception and other high level, related cognitive processes such as attention, mental representation, memory, word naming and semantic categorization. The studies reported were designed to answer many far-reaching questions including: * Is the global precedence effect due to low or high level processing? * Can veridical and illusory perception be explained by the same theory? * What is the relationship between attention and perception? * Is perception "direct" or an inferential process? * What mechanisms are involved in picture and word naming and categorization? * How can word and picture processing be modeled? The answers to these questions seek to unite theoretical perspectives on very important areas of cognitive psychology such as attention, perception, representation of visual objects and words, and human memory.

Perspectives on Anger and Emotion

Robert S. Wyer, Jr.,Thomas K. Srull
Perspectives on Anger and Emotion Book PDF

Author : Robert S. Wyer, Jr.,Thomas K. Srull
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317781486

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Perspectives on Anger and Emotion by Robert S. Wyer, Jr.,Thomas K. Srull Pdf

In this volume, Berkowitz develops the argument that experiential and behavioral components of an emotional state are affected by many processes: some are highly cognitive in nature; others are automatic and involuntary. Cognitive and associative mechanisms theoretically come into play at different times in the emotion-cognition sequence. The model he proposes, therefore, integrates theoretical positions that previously have been artificially segregated in much of the emotion-cognition literature. The breadth of the implications of Berkowitz's theory is also reflected in the diversity of this book's companion chapters. Written by researchers whose work focuses on both social cognition and emotion, these articles provide important insights and possible extensions of the "cognitive-neoassociationistic" conceptualization developed in the target article. Although each chapter is a valuable contribution in its own right, this volume, taken as a whole, is a timely and important contribution both to social cognition and to research and theory on emotion per se.

An Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

David Groome,Hazel Dewart
An Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Book PDF

Author : David Groome,Hazel Dewart
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0863776396

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An Introduction to Cognitive Psychology by David Groome,Hazel Dewart Pdf

This is a comprehensive undergraduate textbook which provides, in a single volume, chapters on both normal cognitive function and related clinical disorder.

Knowledge in Minds

A. L. Wilkes
Knowledge in Minds Book PDF

Author : A. L. Wilkes
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0863774393

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Knowledge in Minds by A. L. Wilkes Pdf

Many texts in cognitive psychology deal with the details of cognitive processes as individually defined. This text provides an account of cognition that focuses upon the cumulative and share nature of human enterprise. It aims to adopt a balanced approach by considering both theories. The result is a wide ranging detour that starts off with cognitive science, then diverts into the domains of developmental and social psychology before ending up in territory that is normally occupied by historians and evolutionary biologists.