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Author : Lara Jefferson,Marcello Pennacchio,Kayri Havens-Young
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199755936
Discusses how plant-derived smoke functions as a tool for promoting seed germination and growth, with 1355 species accounts.
Author : Lara Jefferson,Marcello Pennacchio,Kayri Havens-Young
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199393466
Ecology of Plant-Derived Smoke is the continuation of the research and discussion presented in Uses & Abuses of Plant-Derived Smoke, published in 2010. Both books are the first of their kind in what is now an ever-expanding and exciting field of research. This volume focuses on the use of plant-derived smoke as a tool, used for promoting seed germination and growth. Our ancestors may have used smoke in this capacity for centuries. Only recently has the scientific community delved into understanding the ecology of smoke as a seed dormancy-breaking mechanism in fire-prone environments. Most research to date has focused on the fire-prone Mediterranean environments of the western U.S.A., Western Australia and South Africa. These environments are among the richest floristic regions in the world, and require ecological understanding in order to be managed properly. This includes knowledge of that role that smoke plays in these ecosystems. Ecology of Plant Derived Smoke presents accounts of 1355 species of plants, from 120 families, whose seed have been tested for their response to aerosol smoke, smoke water, and plant-derived smoke. Each account includes a short summary of research findings, along with any other relevant information. Ecology of Plant-Derived Smoke is a comprehensive resource for ecologists seeking to understand the properties of smoke as they relate to ecosystems.
Author : Shubhpriya Gupta,Johannes Van Staden
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128229965
Biostimulants for crops from seed germination to plant development focuses on the effects and roles of natural biostimulants in every aspect of plant growth development to reduce the use of harmful chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Biostimulants are a group of substances of natural origin that offer a potential to reduce the dependency on harmful chemical fertilizers causing environmental degradation. While there is extensive literature on biostimulants, there remains a gap in understanding how natural biostimulants work and their practical application. This book fills that gap, presenting the ways in which biostimulants enhance seed vigor and plant productivity by looking into their mode of action, an area still being researched for deeper understanding. Exploring the roles of seed germination, pollen tube formation, pollen-pistil interaction, flower and fruit setting, to plant pigments, rhizospheric and soil microorganisms, the book also sheds light on the challenges and realistic opportunities for the use of natural biostimulants. Approaches biostimulant research with the goal of transforming scientific research into practical application Includes real-world examples from laboratory, greenhouse and field experiments Presents the biochemical, physiological and molecular mode of action of biostimulants
Author : Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Savannas
ISBN : 9157675104
Author : Marcello Pennacchio,Lara Jefferson,Kayri Havens
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 0199708479
Plants provide the food, shelter, medicines, and biomass that underlie sustainable life. One of the earliest and often overlooked uses of plants is the production of smoke, dating to the time of early hominid species. Plant-derived smoke has had an enormous socio-economic impact throughout human history, being burned for medicinal and recreational purposes, magico-religious ceremonies, pest control, food preservation, and flavoring, perfumes, and incense. This illustrated global compendium documents and describes approximately 2,000 global uses for over 1,400 plant species. The Uses and Abuses of Plant-Derived Smoke is accessibly written and provides a wealth of information on human uses for smoke. Divided into nine main categories of use, the compendium lists plant-derived smoke's medicinal, historical, ceremonial, ritual and recreational uses. Plant use in the production of incense and to preserve and flavor foods and beverages is also included. Each entry includes full binomial names and family, an identification of the person who named the plant, as well as numerous references to other scholarly texts. Of particular interest will be plants such as Tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum), Boswellia spp (frankincense), and Datura stramonium (smoked as a treatment for asthma all over the world), all of which are described in great detail.
Author : Mirza Hasanuzzaman,Masayuki Fujita,Hirosuke Oku,M. Tofazzal Islam
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2019-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351339940
Global climate change affects crop production through altered weather patterns and increased environmental stresses. Such stresses include soil salinity, drought, flooding, metal/metalloid toxicity, pollution, and extreme temperatures. The variability of these environmental conditions pared with the sessile lifestyle of plants contribute to high exposure to these stress factors. Increasing tolerance of crop plants to abiotic stresses is needed to fulfill increased food needs of the population. This book focuses on methods of improving plants tolerance to abiotic stresses. It provides information on how protective agents, including exogenous phytoprotectants, can mitigate abiotic stressors affecting plants. The application of various phytoprotectants has become one of the most effective approaches in enhancing the tolerance of plants to these stresses. Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail including information on osmoprotectants, antioxidants, phytohormones, nitric oxide, polyamines, amino acids, and nutrient elements of plants. Providing a valuable resource of information on phytoprotectants, this book is useful in diverse areas of life sciences including agronomy, plant physiology, cell biology, environmental sciences, and biotechnology.
Author : Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam,Heba I. Mohamed
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2024-08-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781040126806
Plant Growth Regulators to Manage Biotic and Abiotic Stress in Agroecosystems is a comprehensive book that explores the use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) as effective stress-reduction techniques in agricultural environments. This book investigates the role of PGRs in handling biotic and abiotic stressors, offering useful insights to agriculturalists, researchers, and students. The book provides a comprehensive overview of many PGRs, including their methods of action and impacts on plant growth and development. It describes the use of PGRs to treat plant diseases caused by pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The book also discusses the application of PGRs to improve plant tolerance to adverse climatic circumstances including drought, salt, and extreme temperatures. The authors also underline PGRs' sustainable and environmentally friendly character, which makes them a potential option for chemical therapies. They explore PGRs' potential to improve agricultural yield and resilience, therefore helping food security in a rapidly changing global environment. This book is an excellent resource for learning about the applications and advantages of PGRs in modern agriculture.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCSD:31822037817723
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author : Jon E. Keeley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 523 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780521824910
Explores the role of fire in Mediterranean-type climate ecosystems, providing unique insights into the assembly and evolutionary convergence of ecosystems.
Author : Eddy van der Maarel,Janet Franklin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118452486
Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/vandermaarelfranklin/vegetationecology. Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is a comprehensive, integrated account of plant communities and their environments. Written by leading experts in their field from four continents, the second edition of this book: covers the composition, structure, ecology, dynamics, diversity, biotic interactions and distribution of plant communities, with an emphasis on functional adaptations; reviews modern developments in vegetation ecology in a historical perspective; presents a coherent view on vegetation ecology while integrating population ecology, dispersal biology, soil biology, ecosystem ecology and global change studies; tackles applied aspects of vegetation ecology, including management of communities and invasive species; includes new chapters addressing the classification and mapping of vegetation, and the significance of plant functional types Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is aimed at advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers and teachers in plant ecology, geography, forestry and nature conservation. Vegetation Ecology takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach and will be welcomed as an essential reference for plant ecologists the world over.
Author : Hans Lambers,F Stuart Chapin III,Thijs L. Pons
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2008-10-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387783413
Box 9E. 1 Continued FIGURE 2. The C–S–R triangle model (Grime 1979). The strategies at the three corners are C, competiti- winning species; S, stress-tolerating s- cies; R,ruderalspecies. Particular species can engage in any mixture of these three primary strategies, and the m- ture is described by their position within the triangle. comment briefly on some other dimensions that Grime’s (1977) triangle (Fig. 2) (see also Sects. 6. 1 are not yet so well understood. and 6. 3 of Chapter 7 on growth and allocation) is a two-dimensional scheme. A C—S axis (Com- tition-winning species to Stress-tolerating spe- Leaf Economics Spectrum cies) reflects adaptation to favorable vs. unfavorable sites for plant growth, and an R- Five traits that are coordinated across species are axis (Ruderal species) reflects adaptation to leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf life-span, leaf N disturbance. concentration, and potential photosynthesis and dark respiration on a mass basis. In the five-trait Trait-Dimensions space,79%ofallvariation worldwideliesalonga single main axis (Fig. 33 of Chapter 2A on photo- A recent trend in plant strategy thinking has synthesis; Wright et al. 2004). Species with low been trait-dimensions, that is, spectra of varia- LMA tend to have short leaf life-spans, high leaf tion with respect to measurable traits. Compared nutrient concentrations, and high potential rates of mass-based photosynthesis. These species with category schemes, such as Raunkiaer’s, trait occur at the ‘‘quick-return’’ end of the leaf e- dimensions have the merit of capturing cont- nomics spectrum.
Author : Roger D. Smith
Publisher : Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
Page : 1052 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Nature
ISBN : STANFORD:36105121554708
"This book is a review of the current scientific knowledge that underpins seed banking, a technology which plays a key role in the conservation of both domesticated and non-domesticated plant speices..."--Publisher description.
Author : M.W. Fenner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400948440
This book is about the regeneration of plants from seed under field conditions. It attempts to give a reasonably balanced overview of the many aspects of this broad topic. The first chapter introduces some general ideas about reproduction in plants. Subsequent chapters deal with the early stages in the life of a plant, from ovule to established seedling, in a more or less chronological order. The final chapter shows how the data on regeneration requirements of different species can be used to explain a number of important characteristics of whole plant communities. The study of the ecological aspects of reproduction by seed touches on a range of issues of current interest in biology. A discussion of seed size and number involves a consideration of the concepts of resource allocation, life cycles and strategies. The in teractions between plants and animals seen in pollination, seed dispersal and predation provide excellent material for the study of coevolution. Investigations on regeneration from seed have greatly our understanding of the causes and maintenance of species added to diversity. The reader will find that virtually all the experiments and field observations described in this book are conceptually very simple. Many of them merely required numerous careful measurements.
Author : Michael J. Crawley
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 741 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781444313635
Plant ecology is the scientific study of the factors influencing the distribution and abundance of plants. This benchmark text, extremely well received in its first edition, shows how pattern and structure at different levels of plant organization--from ecophysiology through population dynamics to community structure and ecosystem function--are influenced by abiotic factors (eg, climate and soils) and by biotic factors (eg, competition and herbivory). Adopting a dynamic approach, this book combines descriptive text with theoretical models and experimental data. It will be invaluable reading for both student and practising ecologist alike. In this second edition, the structure of the book has been completely revised, moving from the small scale to the large scale, in keeping with contemporary teaching methods. This fresh approach allows consideration of several new and important topics such as plant secondary chemistry, herbivory, sex, and breeding systems. Additional chapters address topical applied issues in plant ecology including global warming, pollution and biodiversity. The latest edition of a very widely adopted textbook Written by a team of leading experts and edited by an international authority in the field
Author : Henry Herz
Publisher : Tilbury House Publishers and Cadent Publishing
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-14
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9780884487906
Named to the Evanston Public Library's Blueberry List: Kids' Book that Inspire Love of Nature and Action for Planet Earth Selected for the Notable Social Studies 2022 list Named to the ALA Notable Children's Books 2022 “Wowww!”—– Raina Telgemeier, #1 NY Times, #1 USA Today, #1 Publishers Weekly bestselling author/illustrator KIRKUS STAR: Lustrous illustrations and meditative text reflect on the role of smoke in nature and civilization... Smoke dissipates quickly, but this poetic text will linger. KIRKUS'S LIST OF 150 MOST ANTICIPATED FALL 2021 BOOKS Smoke itself acts as narrator, telling us how it has served humankind since prehistoric times in signaling, beekeeping, curing and flavoring food, religious rites, fumigating insects, and myriad other ways. Smoke speaks in mesmerizing riddles: “I lack a mouth, but I can speak…. I lack hands, but I can push out unwanted guests…. I’m gentler than a feather, but I can cause harm…". This rhythmically powerful narration is complemented by illustrations in which swirling smoke was captured on art paper held over smoky candle flames, and the dancing smoke textures were then deepened and elaborated with watercolors and Photoshop finishes. With this unique method, Merce López “let the smoke decide how the idea I had in mind would dance with it, giving freedom to the images.” The resulting illustrations are astounding, and they resonate with the otherworldly text.