Electronic Excitations In Liquefied Rare Gases

Author : Werner F. Schmidt,Eugen Illenberger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSC:32106018066958

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Electronic Excitations in Liquefied Rare Gases by Werner F. Schmidt,Eugen Illenberger Pdf

Electronic Excitations in Liquefied Rare Gases is a unique and only reference source that reviews the research and development of liquefied rare gases, which took place over a period of last 50 years. Liquefied rare gases are the simplest dielectric liquids, which are insulators from a physical point of view. While the gaseous and solid state of matter have received intensive attention from the begining of modern science, the knowledge about liquids remained undocumented so far. Liquids exhibit local order as solids and long-range disorder as gases. Fundamental problems related to the generation, transport and recombination of charge carriers in liquefied rare gases could be studied under controlled conditions since liquid samples of extremely high purity can be prepared. Liquefied rare gases have found applications in physics, chemistry, electrical engineering, and materials science. In this volume, world-leading scientists have summarized the knowledge gained about electronic processes in these liquids. The topics are interesting for scientists working in fundamental research as well for those applying liquefied rare gases in experimental or technical devices. The book contains 15 review chapters on different aspects of liquefied rare gases. Such an in depth compilations of knowledge in this field has not been published as of today. The topics of this book concentrate on the processes of electronic excitation, which are of general fundamental interest and have found applications in detectors for high energy physics, light sources for the extreme ultraviolet, etc. just to name a few.

Author : Dmitry Yu Akimov,Alexander I Bolozdynya,Alexey F Buzulutskov,Vitaly I Chepel
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-07-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811231100

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Two-phase Emission Detectors by Dmitry Yu Akimov,Alexander I Bolozdynya,Alexey F Buzulutskov,Vitaly I Chepel Pdf

One of the rapidly developing areas of modern experimental nuclear physics is non-accelerator experiments using low-background detectors. Such experiments, as a rule, are aimed at solving problems that are of fundamental importance for understanding the structure of the Universe, checking the Standard Model of elementary particles, and looking for new physics behind the observable world. The most interesting tasks include the search for dark matter in the form of new weakly interacting particles, the search for neutrinoless double beta decay, the determination of the magnetic moment of the neutrino, the study of neutrino oscillation and new types of interaction of elementary particles, such as coherent neutrino scattering off heavy nuclei.All these processes, occurring with extremely low cross sections, require the development of efficient large-mass detectors capable of detecting small energy releases down to individual ionization electrons. An effective method to do this is the emission method of detecting ionizing particles in two-phase media, which has been proposed at Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) 50 years ago. The origin of this technique can be traced to the research headed by Prof. Boris A Dolgoshein, whose study focus on the properties of condensed noble gases as a means to develop a tracking streamer chamber with a high-density working medium.This monograph, devoted exclusively to two-phase emission detectors, considers the technology's basic features while taking into account new developments introduced into experimental practice in the last ten years since the publication of its predecessor, Emission Detectors (Bolozdynya, 2010).

Author : Ilya Obodovskiy
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780444639868

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Radiation by Ilya Obodovskiy Pdf

The author is ready to assert that practically none of the readers of this book will ever happen to deal with large doses of radiation. But the author, without a shadow of a doubt, claims that any readers of this book, regardless of gender, age, financial situation, type of professional activity, and habits, are actually exposed to low doses of radiation throughout their life. This book is devoted to the effect of small doses on the body. To understand the basic effects of radiation on humans, the book contains the necessary information from an atomic, molecular and nuclear physics, as well as from biochemistry and biology. Special attention is paid to the issues that are either not considered or discussed very briefly in existing literature. Examples include the ionization of inner atomic shells that play an essential role in radiological processes, and the questions of transformation of the energy of ionizing radiation in matter. The benefits of ionizing radiation to mankind is reflected in a wide range of radiation technologies used in science, industry, agriculture, culture, art, forensics, and, what is the most important application, medicine. Radiation: Fundamentals, Applications, Risks and Safety provides information on the use of radiation in modern life, its usefulness and indispensability. Experiments on the effects of small doses on bacteria, fungi, algae, insects, plants and animals are described. Human medical experiments are inhuman and ethically flawed. However, during the familiarity of mankind with ionizing radiation, a large number of population groups were subject to accumulation, exposed to radiation at doses of small but exceeding the natural background radiation. This book analyzes existing, real-life radiation results from survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl and Fukushima, and examines studies of radiation effect on patients, radiologists, crews of long-distant flights and astronauts, on miners of uranium copies, on workers of nuclear industry and on militaries, exposed to ionizing radiation on a professional basis, and on the population of the various countries receiving environmental exposure. The author hopes that this book can mitigate the impact of radiation phobia, which prevails in the public consciousness over the last half century. Explores the science of radiation and the effects of radiation technologies and biological processes Analyzes the elementary processes of ionization and excitation Summarizes information about inner shells ionization and its impact on matter and biological structures Discusses quantum concepts in biology and clarifies the importance of epigenetics in radiological processes Includes case studies focusing on humans irradiated by low doses of radiation and its effects

Author : Werner Schmidt
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1997-06-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 084934445X

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Liquid State Electronics of Insulating Liquids by Werner Schmidt Pdf

Under certain conditions, liquids that usually do not conduct electrical currents become conductors, a phenomenon that is of interest to scientists in several different fields. In Liquid State Electronics of Insulating Liquids, one of the world's leading experts in dielectric liquids discusses the theoretical basis and the experiments on electronic conduction in nonpolar liquids. It provides a sound description of the concepts involved in electronic and ionic charge transport in these liquids. This text also includes experimental techniques that graduate students, university researchers, and laboratory scientists will all find useful. Data tables provide first-order information on the magnitude of relevant quantities.

Author : Nikolaus Schwentner,Ernst-Eckhard Koch,Joshua Jortner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2014-03-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3662152207

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Electronic Excitations in Condensed Rare Gases by Nikolaus Schwentner,Ernst-Eckhard Koch,Joshua Jortner Pdf

Author : Elena Aprile,Aleksey E. Bolotnikov,Alexander I. Bolozdynya,Tadayoshi Doke
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2007-02-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527609635

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Noble Gas Detectors by Elena Aprile,Aleksey E. Bolotnikov,Alexander I. Bolozdynya,Tadayoshi Doke Pdf

This book discusses the physical properties of noble fluids, operational principles of detectors based on these media, and the best technical solutions to the design of these detectors. Essential attention is given to detector technology: purification methods and monitoring of purity, information readout methods, electronics, detection of hard ultra-violet light emission, selection of materials, cryogenics etc. The book is mostly addressed to physicists and graduate students involved in the preparation of fundamental next generation experiments, nuclear engineers developing instrumentation for national nuclear security and for monitoring nuclear materials.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814470094

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Emission Detectors by Anonim Pdf

Author : W. J. Nellis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-05-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521519175

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Ultracondensed Matter by Dynamic Compression by W. J. Nellis Pdf

This book clearly explains the processes of making ultracondensed matter using dynamic compression, and provides an overview of research in this field.

Author : Armando Francesco Borghesani
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 559 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2007-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191526718

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Ions and Electrons in Liquid Helium by Armando Francesco Borghesani Pdf

Electrons and ions have been used for over 40 years as probes to investigate the fascinating properties of helium liquids. The study of the transport properties of microscopic charge carriers sheds light on superfluidity, on quantum hydrodynamics, and on the interactions with collective excitations in quantum liquids. The structure of the probes themselves depends on their coupling with the liquid environment in a way that gives further insight into the microscopic behavior of the liquid in different thermodynamic conditions, such as in the superfluid phase, in the normal phase, or near the liquid-vapor critical point. This book provides a comprehensive review of the experiments and theories of transport properties of charge carriers in liquid helium. It is a subject about which no other monograph exists to date. The book is intended for graduate and postgraduate students and for condensed matter physicists who will benefit from its completeness and accuracy.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Power resources
ISBN : MSU:31293010868317

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Energy Research Abstracts by Anonim Pdf

Author : H.L. Frisch
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323149907

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Simple Dense Fluids by H.L. Frisch Pdf

Simple Dense Fluids is a nine-chapter text that explores the chemistry and physics of simple fluid systems. Simple systems primarily include the noble gases, the homonuclear diatomic molecules, and a select group of some polyatomic but spherically symmetrical molecules. The opening chapter describes the change of thermodynamic functions along the saturation line and how these functions can best be obtained from sets of measurements that are often in conflict, with an emphasis on the functions of three simple liquids: argon, nitrogen, and oxygen. The following chapter outlines the basic thermodynamic and statistical mechanical ideas that have been applied to the liquid-vapor interface, followed by a summary of surface tension data of simple fluids. Considerable chapters are devoted to X-ray, light, and neutron scattering measurements on simple dense fluids. This book further discusses the use of electromagnetic data, especially the dielectric constant and refractive index, in the interpretation of molecular interactions and molecular structure. The available experimental data on several nonpolar liquids and liquid mixtures are also provided. The final chapters survey the nuclear relaxation and spectroscopic data in simple liquids. These chapters also present experimental data relevant to transport phenomena in simple fluids. Workers and researchers in the field of simple dense fluids will find this book of great value.

Author : Neil J C Spooner,Vitaly Kudryavtsev
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 684 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2003-05-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814486989

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The Identification of Dark Matter by Neil J C Spooner,Vitaly Kudryavtsev Pdf

This book contains written versions of the presentations made at the 4th International Workshop on the Identification of Dark Matter (IDM 2002), held in York, UK, in September 2002. The objective of this workshop series is to assess the status of work attempting to identify what constitutes dark matter — in particular, to consider the techniques being used, how successful they are, and what new techniques are likely to improve prospects for identifying likely dark matter candidates in the future. At IDM 2002 special emphasis was placed on recent results obtained in searches for baryonic and non-baryonic dark matter. The proceedings include reviews of major topics on dark matter, as well as short contributed talks. Contents:Dark Matter in the Universe — Theory and Observation:Cosmology, Large Scale Structure and Dark EnergyHalos, Halo Models and Dark MatterParticle Physics and SupersymmetryBaryonic Searches:Introduction to Baryonic Dark Matter SearchesDirect Observational Evidence for Baryonic Dark MatterMicrolensing Evidence for Dark MatterNon-Baryonic Searches:Introduction to Non-Baryonic Dark Matter SearchesWIMP DetectorsLiquid Xenon Detectors of WIMPsAxion DetectorsUnderground LaboratoriesNeutron Background in Dark Matter ExperimentsWIMP Detection by Indirect TechniquesNeutrino Dark Matter SearchesNext Generation Neutrino, WIMP and Axion Techniques Readership: Researchers, academics and graduate students in high-energy physics and astrophysics. Keywords:Dark Matter;Neutralino;WIMP;Axion;Neutrino;Baryonic Dark Matter;Dark Energy;Detector

Author : Jeffrey Ethan Chilton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Electronic
ISBN : WISC:89085245827

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Studies of Electron Excitation of Rare-gas Atoms by a New Application of Fourier Transform Spectroscopy by Jeffrey Ethan Chilton Pdf

Author : E.E. Kunhardt,L.G. Christophorou,L.H. Luessen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 581 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468480238

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The Liquid State and Its Electrical Properties by E.E. Kunhardt,L.G. Christophorou,L.H. Luessen Pdf

As the various disciplines of science advance, they proliferate and tend to become more esoteric. Barriers of specialized terminologies form, which cause scientists to lose contact with their colleagues, and differences in points-of-view emerge which hinder the unification of knowledge among the various disciplines, and even within a given discipline. As a result, the scientist, and especially the student, is in many instances offered fragmented glimpses of subjects that are funda mentally synthetic and that should be treated in their own right. Such seems to be the case of the liquid state. Unlike the other states of matter -- gases, solids, and plasmas -- the liquid state has not yet received unified treatment, probably because it has been the least explored and remains the least understood state of matter. Occasionally, events occur which help remove some of the barriers that separate scientists and disciplines alike. Such an event was the ASI on The Liquid State held this past July at the lovely Hotel Tivoli Sintra, in the picturesque town of Sintra, Portugal, approximately 30 km northwest of Lisbon. Since this broad a subject could not be covered in one Institute, the focus of the ASI was on a theme that provided a common thread of understanding for all in attendance -- the Electrical Proper ties of the Liquid State.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 586 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Nuclear energy
ISBN : PSU:000047759008

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Nuclear Science Abstracts by Anonim Pdf