Energy Metabolism And Obesity

Author : National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Energy metabolism
ISBN : MINN:319510028579400

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Obesity and Energy Metabolism by National Institutes of Health (U.S.) Pdf

Abstract: A comprehensive yet uncomplicated discussion of obesity is presented for the average adult as part of a series called "Medicine for the Layman." Although the specific causes of obesity are unknown, many factors, such as genetics and environment, influence the condition. More is known about the health consequences of obesity in terms of increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and emotional stress. Obesity is defined; the functions of the human body which help determine the numbers and size of fat cells in adipose tissue (hypertrophic and hyperplastic obesity) are described. The balance of caloric intake and energy expenditure for each individual is emphasized. Further research needs are identified. The information is reinforced by a question and answer section and color cartoons.

Author : Patricia A. Donohoue
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2007-12-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781603271394

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Energy Metabolism and Obesity by Patricia A. Donohoue Pdf

This unique and authoritative book presents an up-to-date overview of the many aspects of energy balance and its relationships to disease processes resulting from excess energy consumption and storage. It provides a comprehensive treatment of important research and clinical aspects of energy metabolism and obesity. It will be a valuable resource for endocrinologists, diabetes specialists, internists and family practitioners.

Author : Zydrune Visockiene
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-14
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3838303008

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Energy Metabolism in Obesity and Diabetes by Zydrune Visockiene Pdf

The growing incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes became the major global health problem. The peculiarities of energy metabolism in the development of both these conditions are of particular interest. This book, therefore, provides an overview of the following aspects: body composition assessment using laboratory techniques and bedside methods, estimation of resting energy expenditure, methods for the evaluation of energy intake, assessment of psychological factors influence on eating behavior. All these aspects are covered in the context of obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome thus, will help to understand the importance of changes in resting metabolic rate possibly preceding the development of type 2 diabetes; explain the advantages and limitations of bedside body composition assessment methods and suggest their utilisation in clinical practice; reveal new aspect of regional body fat distribution, influencing the precision of different body composition measuring techniques; show novel relations of psychological factors influence on eating behaviour in type 2 diabetes and analyse the compliance to the dietary advice and treatment for weight loss.

Author : Jean-Pierre Montmayeur,Johannes le Coutre
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 646 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2009-09-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781420067767

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Fat Detection by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur,Johannes le Coutre Pdf

Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se

Author : Wolfgang Meyerhof,Ulrike Beisiegel,Hans-Georg Joost
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642144264

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Sensory and Metabolic Control of Energy Balance by Wolfgang Meyerhof,Ulrike Beisiegel,Hans-Georg Joost Pdf

During the last two decades, the prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased in western and westernized societies. Its devastating health consequences include hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes and make obesity the second leading cause of unnecessary deaths in the USA. As a consequence, obesity has a strong negative impact on the public health care systems. Recently emerging scienti?c insight has helped understanding obesity as a complex chronic disease with multiple causes. A multileveled gene–environment interaction appears to involve a substantial number of susceptibility genes, as well as associations with low physical activity levels and intake of high-calorie, low-cost, foods. Unfor- nately, therapeutic options to prevent or cure this disease are extremely limited, posing an extraordinary challenge for today’s biomedical research community. Obesity results from imbalanced energy metabolism leading to lipid storage. Only detailed understanding of the multiple molecular underpinnings of energy metabolism can provide the basis for future therapeutic options. Numerous aspects of obesity are currently studied, including the essential role of neural and endocrine control circuits, adaptive responses of catabolic and anabolic pathways, metabolic fuel sensors, regulation of appetite and satiation, sensory information processing, transcriptional control of metabolic processes, and the endocrine role of adipose tissue. These studies are predominantly fuelled by basic research on mammalian models or clinical studies, but these ?ndings were paralleled by important insights, which have emerged from studying invertebrate models.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Diet and Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 765 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1989-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309039949

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Diet and Health by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Diet and Health Pdf

Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.

Author : Rexford S. Ahima
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441916075

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Metabolic Basis of Obesity by Rexford S. Ahima Pdf

The obesity epidemic has generated immense interest in recent years due to the wide-ranging and significant adverse health and economic consequences that surround the problem. Much attention has been focused on behaviors that lead to obesity, in particular to over consumption of energy-dense food and to sedentary lifestyle. However, obesity is an extremely complex condition with poorly defined pathogenesis. Thanks to greatly enhanced research in the area, the discovery of pathways in the brain and peripheral organs that mediate energy homeostasis has provided a framework for understanding the biological basis of obesity. Metabolic Basis of Obesity adds an important new dimension to the growing literature on obesity by offering a comprehensive review of specifically how metabolic imbalance culminates in obesity. Developed by a team of expert authors, this important title discusses the principles of energy balance, genetics of body weight regulation, hormones and adipokines, and metabolic pathways in the brain, liver, muscle and fat, to name just several of the areas covered. The book also examines the connection between obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other complications. Current and future diagnostic and treatment strategies are also reviewed. Comprehensive and timely, Metabolic Basis of Obesity is an essential reference for understanding the burgeoning problem of obesity.

Author : Babak Mokhlesi
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2014-10-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323326810

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Sleep Hypoventilation: A State-of-the-Art Overview, An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics by Babak Mokhlesi Pdf

This issue on Hypoventilation Syndrome covers a variety of topics such as Sleep hypoventilation: Diagnostic considerations and technological limitations,Pathophysiology of hypoventilation during sleep,Advances in PAP treatment modalities for hypoventilation syndromes,Scoring abnormal respiratory events on polysomnography during noninvasive ventilation,OHS Epidemiology and diagnosis,OHS outcomes,Non-PAP treatment modalities in OHS, Pulmonary overlap syndromes,Noninvasive ventilation during sleep in stable COPD and more!

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research,Subcommittee on Military Weight Management
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2003-12-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309089968

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Weight Management by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research,Subcommittee on Military Weight Management Pdf

The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.

Author : J. S. Garrow
Publisher : Elsevier-North-Holland Biomedical Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015000287790

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Energy Balance and Obesity in Man by J. S. Garrow Pdf

Abstract: Information about energy balance in man is presented for professionals concerned with human obesity--physicians, dieticians, biochemists, physiologists,psychologists, physiotherapists, and others. The use and misuse of methods for measuring energy intake and output arediscussed. Factors affecting energy intake and factors affecting energy output are also discussed. Also considered are the composition, measurement, and control of energy stores. The treatment of obesity is explained.

Author : Vincenza Cifarelli,Hong Chen,Joshua Scallan
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2021-04-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889666911

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The Role of the Lymphatic System in Lipid and Energy Metabolism, and Immune Homeostasis During Obesity and Diabetes by Vincenza Cifarelli,Hong Chen,Joshua Scallan Pdf

Author : Márta Korbonits
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2008-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783805584296

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Obesity and Metabolism by Márta Korbonits Pdf

It has become increasingly difficult to keep up with the growing body of literature on the genetics, metabolic phenotype and treatment of obesity. This volume brings together an array of chapters from many of the foremost authorities and researchers in this area. Key advances in the genetics of obesity are summarized and the effects of obesity in pregnancy, childhood and old age explored. By scrutinizing the hormones and enzymes most recently implicated in the development, maintenance and consequences of obesity, the biochemical and physiological background of the abnormal metabolism of obesity is mapped out. Furthermore, a practical update on clinical approach and treatment of obesity is offered. Finally, the social aspects of obesity and the view of the obese body in art throughout the centuries are reflected. A valuable overview of causes, metabolic disturbances and treatment options, this volume will appeal to those with an interest in clinical as well as pathophysiological and genetic aspects of obesity. Furthermore, it will provide useful reading for scientists and students who would like to broaden and update their knowledge in this area.

Author : Claude Bouchard,G. A. Bray
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1996-06-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015037470641

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Regulation of Body Weight by Claude Bouchard,G. A. Bray Pdf

The fact that about 30-40% of the adults in the Western world are overweight or obese testifies to the frequency of the disturbances in body weight regulation. Scientists have established that caloric intake, macronutrient composition of the diet, basal and resting metabolic rate, thermic response to food, energy expenditure associated with movement and physical activity, and preferential storage of the surplus of calories as fat or lean tissues are critical determinants of energy balance and body weight. While much has been learned, the field is poised for major advances with the advent of a variety of imaging techniques, progress in quantitative and molecular genetics, use of transgenic rodent models and of breeding experiments with informative inbred strains, availability of stable isotopes for metabolic and behavioral studies, and a growing number of useful experimental animal and human models. This volume takes an integrative approach to obesity. It is structured around four major topics: (1) the animal and human models currently available for the study of body weight regulation with their strengths and limitations, (2) the molecular and genetic basis of the regulation of body weight, (3) the metabolic and physiological mechanisms involved, and (4) the behavioral and social determinants. The 13 background papers provide a critical overview of the present knowledge base while the group reports summarize the extensive deliberations of 38 international experts. Particular emphasis has been given to promising research areas and on the advances needed to ensure a better understanding of the biological and behavioral mechanisms of the regulation of body weight, with a particular emphasis on overweight and obesity.

Author : Gary D. Lopaschuk,Naranjan S. Dhalla
Publisher : Springer
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-08-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781493912278

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Cardiac Energy Metabolism in Health and Disease by Gary D. Lopaschuk,Naranjan S. Dhalla Pdf

The heart has a very high energy demand but very little energy reserves. In order to sustain contractile function, the heart has to continually produce a large amount of ATP. The heart utilizes free fatty acids mainly and carbohydrates to some extent as substrates for making energy and any change in this energy supply can seriously compromise cardiac function. It has emerged that alterations in cardiac energy metabolism are a major contributor to the development of a number of different forms of heart disease. It is also now known that optimizing energy metabolism in the heart is a viable and important approach to treating various forms of heart disease. Cardiac Energy Metabolism in Health and Disease describes the research advances that have been made in understanding what controls cardiac energy metabolism at molecular, transcriptional and physiological levels. It also describes how alterations in energy metabolism contribute to the development of heart dysfunction and how optimization of energy metabolism can be used to treat heart disease. The topics covered include a discussion of the effects of myocardial ischemia, diabetes, obesity, hypertrophy, heart failure, and genetic disorders of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism on cardiac energetics. The treatment of heart disease by optimizing energy metabolism is also discussed, which includes increasing overall energy production as well as increasing the efficiency of energy production and switching energy substrate preference of the heart. This book will be a valuable source of information to graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and investigators in the field of experimental cardiology as well as biochemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons and other health professionals.

Author : Patrick Christian Even
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-03
Category : Energy metabolism
ISBN : 9782889193080

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Energy metabolism by Patrick Christian Even Pdf

Energy metabolism is central to life and altered energy expenditure (EE) is often cited as a central mechanism responsible for development of the obese phenotype. Resting EE, EE of physical activity, cold induced thermogenesis and thermic effect of feeding add to produce total EE but can also affect each other. It is thus very important that each component be well measured. Measuring energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry is extremely simple in theory but the practice if far more difficult. Taking into account temperature in small sized animals, measuring accurately the effect of activity on EE, correcting EE for body size body composition, age sex etc… add difficulties in producing reliable data. The goal of this Research Topic was to call for the practical experience of main investigators trained to practice calorimetry in order to get their feedback and the way they deal with the various and specific problems of humans and animal calorimetry. The goal is to share the questions/solutions experienced by the contributors to inititate a “guide of the good practices” that can be periodically updated and used by all those who are and will be interested in measuring energy metabolism from the 20g mouse to the human and large farm animals.