Epistemic Care

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Epistemic Care

Casey Rebecca Johnson
Epistemic Care Book PDF

Author : Casey Rebecca Johnson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2023-02-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000834901

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Epistemic Care by Casey Rebecca Johnson Pdf

This book uses the framework of care ethics to articulate a novel theory of our epistemic obligations to one another. It presents an original way to understand our epistemic vulnerabilities, our obligations in education, and our care duties toward others with whom we stand in epistemically vulnerable relationships. As embodied and socially interdependent knowers, we have obligations to one another that are generated by our ability to care – that is, to meet each other’s epistemic vulnerabilities. The author begins the book by arguing that the same motivations that moved social epistemologists away from individualistic epistemology should motivate a move to a care-based theory. The following chapters outline our epistemic care duties to vulnerable agents, and offer criteria of epistemic goodness for communities of inquiry. Finally, the author discusses the tension between epistemic care and epistemic paternalism. Epistemic Care will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in social epistemology, ethics, feminist philosophy, and philosophy of education.

Epistemic Paternalism

Guy Axtell,Amiel Bernal
Epistemic Paternalism Book PDF

Author : Guy Axtell,Amiel Bernal
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781786615749

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Epistemic Paternalism by Guy Axtell,Amiel Bernal Pdf

This volume considers forms of information manipulation and restriction in contemporary society. It explores whether and when manipulation of the conditions of inquiry without the consent of those manipulated is morally or epistemically justified. The contributors provide a wealth of examples of manipulation, and debate whether epistemic paternalism is distinct from other forms of paternalism debated in political theory. Special attention is given to medical practice, for science communication, and for research in science, technology, and society. Some of the contributors argue that unconsenting interference with people’s ability of inquire is consistent with, and others that it is inconsistent with, efforts to democratize knowledge and decision-making. These differences invite theoretical reflection regarding which goods are fundamental, whether there is a clear or only a moving boundary between informing and instructing, and whether manipulation of people’s epistemic conditions amounts to a type of intellectual injustice. The collection pays special attention to contemporary paternalistic practices in big data and scientific research, as the way in which the flow of information or knowledge might be curtailed by the manipulations of a small body of experts or algorithms.

Overcoming Epistemic Injustice

Benjamin R. Sherman,Stacey Goguen
Overcoming Epistemic Injustice Book PDF

Author : Benjamin R. Sherman,Stacey Goguen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-06-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781786607072

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Overcoming Epistemic Injustice by Benjamin R. Sherman,Stacey Goguen Pdf

Prejudice influences people’s thoughts and behaviors in many ways; it can lead people to underestimate others’ credibility, to read anger or hysteria into their words, or to expect knowledge and truth to ‘sound’ a certain way—or to come from a certain type of person. These biases and mistakes can have a big effect on everything from an institutional culture to an individual’s self-understanding. These kinds of intellectual harms are known as epistemic injustice. Most people are opposed to unfair prejudices (at least in principle), and no one wants to make avoidable mistakes. But research in the social sciences reveals a disturbing truth: Even people who intend to be fair-minded and unprejudiced are influenced by unconscious biases and stereotypes. We may sincerely want to be epistemically just, but we frequently fail, and simply thinking harder about it will not fix the problem. The essays collected in this volume draw from cutting-edge social science research and detailed case studies, to suggest how we can better tackle our unconscious reactions and institutional biases, to help ameliorate epistemic injustice. The volume concludes with an afterward by Miranda Fricker, who catalyzed recent scholarship on epistemic injustice, reflecting on these new lines of research and potential future directions to explore.

Epistemic Values

Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski
Epistemic Values Book PDF

Author : Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780197529195

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Epistemic Values by Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski Pdf

This collection showcases the most influential published essays by philosopher Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski. One of the most distinguished thinkers working in epistemology today, particularly where the theory of knowledge meets ethics and the philosophy of religion, Zagzebski is well-known for broadening epistemology and refocusing it on epistemic virtue and epistemic value. Her work has greatly influenced the trajectory of contemporary epistemology, opening up new fields in analytic epistemology. The papers collected here are organized into six sections to underline the scope of her impact on six key subject areas of epistemology: (1) knowledge and understanding, (2) intellectual virtue, (3) epistemic value, (4) virtue in religious epistemology, (5) intellectual autonomy and authority, and (6) skepticism and the Gettier problem.

Addressing Epistemic Injustice in Mental Health

Karen Newbigging,Anthony Salla,Ulla-Karin Schön,Colin King
Addressing Epistemic Injustice in Mental Health Book PDF

Author : Karen Newbigging,Anthony Salla,Ulla-Karin Schön,Colin King
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2024-03-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832546581

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Addressing Epistemic Injustice in Mental Health by Karen Newbigging,Anthony Salla,Ulla-Karin Schön,Colin King Pdf

Epistemic injustice was conceptualized by Fricker as a form of social injustice, which occurs when people’s authority ‘as a knower’ is ignored, dismissed, or marginalized. It is attracting increasing interest in the mental health field because of the asymmetries of power between people using mental health services and mental health professionals. People experiencing mental health distress are particularly vulnerable to epistemic injustice as a consequence of deeply embedded social stigma, negative stereotyping, and assumed irrationality. This is amplified by other forms of stereotyping or structural discrimination, including racism, misogyny, and homophobia. Consequently, individual testimonies may be discounted as both irrational and unreliable. Epistemic injustice also operates systemically reflecting social and demographic characteristics, such a race, gender, sexuality or disability, or age.

Epistemic Reasons, Norms and Goals

Martin Grajner,Pedro Schmechtig
Epistemic Reasons Norms and Goals Book PDF

Author : Martin Grajner,Pedro Schmechtig
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110496765

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Epistemic Reasons, Norms and Goals by Martin Grajner,Pedro Schmechtig Pdf

In recent years, questions about epistemic reasons, norms and goals have seen an upsurge of interest. The present volume brings together eighteen essays by established and upcoming philosophers in the field. The contributions are arranged into four sections: (1) epistemic reasons, (2) epistemic norms, (3) epistemic consequentialism and (4) epistemic goals and values. The volume is key reading for researchers interested in epistemic normativity.

Blameworthy Belief

Nikolaj Nottelmann
Blameworthy Belief Book PDF

Author : Nikolaj Nottelmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2007-07-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402059612

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Blameworthy Belief by Nikolaj Nottelmann Pdf

Believing the wrong thing can have drastic consequences. The question of when a person is not only ill-guided, but genuinely at fault for holding a particular belief goes to the root of our understanding of such notions as criminal negligence and moral responsibility. This book explores the conditions under which someone may be deemed blameworthy for holding a particular belief, drawing on contemporary epistemology, ethics and legal scholarship.

Knowledge Production and the Search for Epistemic Liberation in Africa

Dennis Masaka
Knowledge Production and the Search for Epistemic Liberation in Africa Book PDF

Author : Dennis Masaka
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2022-09-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783031079658

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Knowledge Production and the Search for Epistemic Liberation in Africa by Dennis Masaka Pdf

This book shows the importance of knowledge production using requisite terms and frameworks to the broader scheme of epistemic liberation in Africa. The text considers what this veritable direction to knowledge production would mean to other areas of concern in African philosophy such as morality, education and the environment. These contributions are important because the success of decolonising projects in African countries depend upon the methods that underpin envisioned liberative knowledge production in light of Africa’s historical and present condition. This volume appeals to students and researchers working in epistemology and African philosophy.

All Bullshit and Lies?

Chris Heffer
All Bullshit and Lies Book PDF

Author : Chris Heffer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2020-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190923303

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All Bullshit and Lies? by Chris Heffer Pdf

In a postfactual world in which claims are often held to be true only to the extent that they confirm pre-existing or partisan beliefs, this book asks crucial questions: how can we identify the many forms of untruthfulness in discourse? How can we know when their use is ethically wrong? How can we judge untruthfulness in the messiness of situated discourse? Drawing on pragmatics, philosophy, psychology, and law, All Bullshit and Lies? develops a comprehensive framework for analyzing untruthful discourse in situated context. TRUST, or Trust-related Untruthfulness in Situated Text, sees untruthfulness as encompassing not only deliberate manipulations of what is believed to be true (the insincerity of withholding, misleading, and lying) but also the distortions that arise from an irresponsible attitude towards the truth (dogma, distortion, and bullshit). Chris Heffer discusses times when truth is not "in play," as in jokes or fiction, as well as instances when concealing the truth can achieve a greater good. The TRUST framework demonstrates that untruthfulness becomes unethical in discourse, though, when it unjustifiably breaches the trust an interlocutor invests in the speaker. In addition to the theoretical framework, this book provides a clear, practical heuristic for analyzing discursive untruthfulness and applies it to such cases of public discourse as the Brexit "battle bus," Trump's tweet about voter fraud, Blair and Bush's claims about weapons of mass destruction, and the multiple forms of untruthfulness associated with the Skripal poisoning case. In All Bullshit and Lies? Chris Heffer turns a critical eye to fundamental questions of truthfulness and trust in our society. This timely and interdisciplinary investigation of discourse provides readers a deeper theoretical understanding of untruthfulness in a postfactual world.

Applying Nonideal Theory to Bioethics

Elizabeth Victor,Laura K. Guidry-Grimes
Applying Nonideal Theory to Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Victor,Laura K. Guidry-Grimes
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030725037

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Applying Nonideal Theory to Bioethics by Elizabeth Victor,Laura K. Guidry-Grimes Pdf

This book offers new essays exploring concepts and applications of nonideal theory in bioethics. Nonideal theory refers to an analytic approach to moral and political philosophy (especially in relation to justice), according to which we should not assume that there will be perfect compliance with principles, that there will be favorable circumstances for just institutions and right action, or that reasoners are capable of being impartial. Nonideal theory takes the world as it actually is, in all of its imperfections. Bioethicists have called for greater attention to how nonideal theory can serve as a guide in the messy realities they face daily. Although many bioethicists implicitly assume nonideal theory in their work, there is the need for more explicit engagement with this theoretical outlook. A nonideal approach to bioethics would start by examining the sociopolitical realities of healthcare and the embeddedness of moral actors in those realities. How are bioethicists to navigate systemic injustices when completing research, giving guidance for patient care, and contributing to medical and public health policies? When there are no good options and when moral agents are enmeshed in their sociopolitical viewpoints, how should moral theorizing proceed? What do bioethical issues and principles look like from the perspective of historically marginalized persons? These are just a few of the questions that motivate nonideal theory within bioethics. This book begins in Part I with an overview of the foundational tenets of nonideal theory, what nonideal theory can offer bioethics, and why it may be preferable to ideal theory in addressing moral dilemmas in the clinic and beyond. In Part II, authors discuss applications of nonideal theory in many areas of bioethics, including reflections on environmental harms, racism and minority health, healthcare injustices during incarceration and detention, and other vulnerabilities experienced by patients from clinical and public health perspectives. The chapters within each section demonstrate the breadth in scope that nonideal theory encompasses, bringing together diverse theorists and approaches into one collection.

Intellectual Agency and Virtue Epistemology: A Montessori Perspective

Patrick Frierson
Intellectual Agency and Virtue Epistemology A Montessori Perspective Book PDF

Author : Patrick Frierson
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350018839

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Intellectual Agency and Virtue Epistemology: A Montessori Perspective by Patrick Frierson Pdf

Drawing on the work of Maria Montessori and contemporary virtue epistemologists such as Linda Zagzebski and Jason Baehr, Intellectual Agency and Virtue Epistemology presents a new interpretation of the nature of intellectual agency and its associated virtues. Focusing on Montessori's interpretation of specific virtues including sensory attentiveness, intellectual love and intellectual humility, it discusses why these are virtues, why one can be held responsible for them, and how they relate to each other. Moreover, it considers pedagogical implications of considering these capacities to be virtues. Intellectual Agency and Virtue Epistemology not only reveals the value of seeing Montessori as a virtue epistemologist, it encourages educationalists to take seriously the cultivation of intellectual virtues as an important part of the education of children.

Epistemic Injustice and the Philosophy of Recognition

Paul Giladi,Nicola McMillan
Epistemic Injustice and the Philosophy of Recognition Book PDF

Author : Paul Giladi,Nicola McMillan
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780429787072

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Epistemic Injustice and the Philosophy of Recognition by Paul Giladi,Nicola McMillan Pdf

This volume includes original essays that examine the underexplored relationship between recognition theory and key developments in critical social epistemology. Its aims are to explore how far certain kinds of epistemic injustice, epistemic oppression, and types of ignorance can be understood as distorted varieties of recognition and to determine whether contemporary work on epistemic injustice and critical social epistemology more generally have significant continuities with theories of recognition in the Frankfurt School tradition. Part I of the book focuses on bringing recognition theory and critical social epistemology into direct conversation. Part II is devoted to analysing a range of case studies that are evocative of contemporary social struggles. The essays in this volume propose answers to a number of thought-provoking questions at the intersection of these two robust philosophical subfields, such as the following: how well can different types of epistemic injustice be understood as types of recognition abuses? How useful is it to approach different forms of social oppression as recognition injustices and/or as involving epistemic injustice? What limitations do we discover in either or both recognition theory and the ever-expanding literature on epistemic injustice when we put them into conversation with each other? How does the conjunction of these two accounts bear on specific domains, such as questions of silencing? Epistemic Injustice and the Philosophy of Recognition heralds new directions for future research that will appeal to scholars and students working in critical social epistemology, social and political theory, continental philosophy, and a wide range of critical social theories.

Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology

Anand Jayprakash Vaidya,Duško Prelević
Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology Book PDF

Author : Anand Jayprakash Vaidya,Duško Prelević
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2023-03-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000840438

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Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology by Anand Jayprakash Vaidya,Duško Prelević Pdf

This book collects original essays on the epistemology of modality and related issues in modal metaphysics and philosophical methodology. The contributors utilize both the newer "metaphysics-first" and the more traditional "epistemology-first" approaches to these issues. The chapters on modal epistemology mostly focus on the problem of how we can gain knowledge of possibilities, which have never been actualized, or necessities which are not provable either by logico-mathematical reasoning or by linguistic competence alone. These issues are closely related to some of the central issues in philosophical methodology, notably: to what extent is the armchair methodology of philosophy a reliable guide for the formation of beliefs about what is possible and necessary. This question also relates to the nature of thought experiments that are extensively used in science and philosophy. Epistemology of Modality and Philosophical Methodology will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working on the epistemology and metaphysics of modality, as well as those whose work is concerned with philosophical methodology more generally.

Caring to Know

Vrinda Dalmiya
Caring to Know Book PDF

Author : Vrinda Dalmiya
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0199464766

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Caring to Know by Vrinda Dalmiya Pdf

The Mahābhārata explores the plausibility of care-based epistemology in a comparative key. Investigating the epistemic virtue of care-giving, the work weaves together insights from care ethics, virtue epistemology and a particular reading of the Mahābhārata which, left to themselves, do not appear compatible with one another. Drawing on these traditions, the work goes on to provide a feminist vision of search for truth that is consistent with both ethical relations and interventions for justice.

The Inquiring Organization

Chun Wei Choo
The Inquiring Organization Book PDF

Author : Chun Wei Choo
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199782031

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The Inquiring Organization by Chun Wei Choo Pdf

In The Inquiring Organization, Chun Wei Choo examines how an organization's knowledge-acquisition and information-seeking leads to the construction of beliefs and the formations of epistemic practices