Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity

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Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Human Genome Diversity
Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Human Genome Diversity
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1998-01-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309184748

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Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Human Genome Diversity Pdf

This book assesses the scientific value and merit of research on human genetic differencesâ€"including a collection of DNA samples that represents the whole of human genetic diversityâ€"and the ethical, organizational, and policy issues surrounding such research. Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity discusses the potential uses of such collection, such as providing insight into human evolution and origins and serving as a springboard for important medical research. It also addresses issues of confidentiality and individual privacy for participants in genetic diversity research studies.

Genetic Variation

Michael P. Weiner,Stacey B. Gabriel,J. Claiborne Stephens
Genetic Variation Book PDF

Author : Michael P. Weiner,Stacey B. Gabriel,J. Claiborne Stephens
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Human genetics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105123344058

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Genetic Variation by Michael P. Weiner,Stacey B. Gabriel,J. Claiborne Stephens Pdf

Genetic Variation: A Laboratory Manualis the first compendium of protocols specifically geared towards genetic variation studies, and includes thorough discussions on their applications for human and model organism studies. Intended for graduate students and professional scientists in clinical and research settings, it covers the complete spectrum of genetic variation—from SNPs and microsatellites to more complex DNA alterations, including copy number variation. Written and edited by leading scientists in the field, the early sections of the manual are devoted to study design and generating genotype data, the use of resources such as HapMap and dbSNP, as well as experimental, statistical, and bioinformatic approaches for analyzing the data. The final sections include descriptions of genetic variation in model organisms and discussions of recent insights into human genetic ancestry, forensics, and human variation.

Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Human Genome Diversity
Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Human Genome Diversity
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1998-02-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309059312

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Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Human Genome Diversity Pdf

This book assesses the scientific value and merit of research on human genetic differencesâ€"including a collection of DNA samples that represents the whole of human genetic diversityâ€"and the ethical, organizational, and policy issues surrounding such research. Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity discusses the potential uses of such collection, such as providing insight into human evolution and origins and serving as a springboard for important medical research. It also addresses issues of confidentiality and individual privacy for participants in genetic diversity research studies.

Human Genome Editing

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations
Human Genome Editing Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452885

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Human Genome Editing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academy of Medicine,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Human Gene Editing: Scientific, Medical, and Ethical Considerations Pdf

Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions. Human Genome Editing considers important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.

Assessing Genetic Risks

Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks
Assessing Genetic Risks Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309047982

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Assessing Genetic Risks by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Assessing Genetic Risks Pdf

Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.

The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization

B. G. D. Bartley
The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization Book PDF

Author : B. G. D. Bartley
Publisher : CABI
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 184593024X

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The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization by B. G. D. Bartley Pdf

The cacao (Theobroma cacao) plant is an important Neo-Tropical species whose natural habitat is the Amazon basin. Over the last 30 years there has been a considerable geographical expansion in the availability of cacao genetic resources. As a result the plant has a rich genetic diversity that exists at two levels: that of the primitive populations in the area of original distribution of the species, and that of the derived cultivated populations. This book provides a comprehensive review of our current knowledge of the diversity of the species. It starts by examining the diversity and inheritance of the characteristics of primitive populations in the Amazonian and Caribbean regions. It then looks at the evolution of diversity within cultivated populations first in South America and around the Caribbean, and then beyond the Americas. The book describes the inter-relationships between populations based on morphological and molecular markers. It also examines the conservation of genetic resources and how these genetic resources can be utilized to produce new cultivars.

Race to the Finish

Anonim
Race to the Finish Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Human population genetics
ISBN : 0241206774

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Race to the Finish by Anonim Pdf

In the summer of 1991, population geneticists and evolutionary biologists proposed to archive human genetic diversity by collecting the genomes of "isolated indigenous populations." Their initiative, which became known as the Human Genome Diversity Project, generated early enthusiasm from those who believed it would enable huge advances in our understanding of human evolution. However, vocal criticism soon emerged. Physical anthropologists accused Project organizers of reimporting racist categories into science. Indigenous-rights leaders saw a "Vampire Project" that sought the blood of indigen.

Understanding Genetics

Genetic Alliance,New York-Mid-Atlantic Consortium for Genetic and Newborn Screening Services
Understanding Genetics Book PDF

Author : Genetic Alliance,New York-Mid-Atlantic Consortium for Genetic and Newborn Screening Services
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Biology
ISBN : 9780982162217

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Understanding Genetics by Genetic Alliance,New York-Mid-Atlantic Consortium for Genetic and Newborn Screening Services Pdf

The purpose of this manual is to provide an educational genetics resource for individuals, families, and health professionals in the New York - Mid-Atlantic region and increase awareness of specialty care in genetics. The manual begins with a basic introduction to genetics concepts, followed by a description of the different types and applications of genetic tests. It also provides information about diagnosis of genetic disease, family history, newborn screening, and genetic counseling. Resources are included to assist in patient care, patient and professional education, and identification of specialty genetics services within the New York - Mid-Atlantic region. At the end of each section, a list of references is provided for additional information. Appendices can be copied for reference and offered to patients. These take-home resources are critical to helping both providers and patients understand some of the basic concepts and applications of genetics and genomics.

Heritable Human Genome Editing

The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing
Heritable Human Genome Editing Book PDF

Author : The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309671132

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Heritable Human Genome Editing by The Royal Society,National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Medicine,International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing Pdf

Heritable human genome editing - making changes to the genetic material of eggs, sperm, or any cells that lead to their development, including the cells of early embryos, and establishing a pregnancy - raises not only scientific and medical considerations but also a host of ethical, moral, and societal issues. Human embryos whose genomes have been edited should not be used to create a pregnancy until it is established that precise genomic changes can be made reliably and without introducing undesired changes - criteria that have not yet been met, says Heritable Human Genome Editing. From an international commission of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.K.'s Royal Society, the report considers potential benefits, harms, and uncertainties associated with genome editing technologies and defines a translational pathway from rigorous preclinical research to initial clinical uses, should a country decide to permit such uses. The report specifies stringent preclinical and clinical requirements for establishing safety and efficacy, and for undertaking long-term monitoring of outcomes. Extensive national and international dialogue is needed before any country decides whether to permit clinical use of this technology, according to the report, which identifies essential elements of national and international scientific governance and oversight.

Genomic Diversity

Surinder Singh Papiha,Ranjan Deka,Ranajit Chakraborty
Genomic Diversity Book PDF

Author : Surinder Singh Papiha,Ranjan Deka,Ranajit Chakraborty
Publisher : Springer
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2011-09-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1461542642

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Genomic Diversity by Surinder Singh Papiha,Ranjan Deka,Ranajit Chakraborty Pdf

One of the major themes of human population genetics is assaying genetic variation in human populations. The ultimate goal of this objective is to understand the extent of genetic diversity and the use of this knowledge to reconstruct our evolutionary history. The discipline had undergone a revolutionary transition with the advent of molecular techniques in the 1980s. With this shift, statistical methods have also been developed to perceive the biological and molecular basis of human genetic variation. Using the new perspectives gained during the above transition, this volume describes the applications of molecular markers spanning the autosomal, Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial genome in the analysis of human diversity in contemporary populations. This is the first reference book of its kind to bring together data from these diverse sets of markers for understanding evolutionary histories and relationships of modern humans in a single volume.

Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases

Michel Tibayrenc
Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases Book PDF

Author : Michel Tibayrenc
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 773 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780123848901

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Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases by Michel Tibayrenc Pdf

Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases is at the crossroads between two major scientific fields of the 21st century: evolutionary biology and infectious diseases. The genomic revolution has upset modern biology and has revolutionized our approach to ancient disciplines such as evolutionary studies. In particular, this revolution is profoundly changing our view on genetically driven human phenotypic diversity, and this is especially true in disease genetic susceptibility. Infectious diseases are indisputably the major challenge of medicine. When looking globally, they are the number one killer of humans and therefore the main selective pressure exerted on our species. Even in industrial countries, infectious diseases are now far less under control than 20 years ago. The first part of this book covers the main features and applications of modern technologies in the study of infectious diseases. The second part provides detailed information on a number of the key infectious diseases such as malaria, SARS, avian flu, HIV, tuberculosis, nosocomial infections and a few other pathogens that will be taken as examples to illustrate the power of modern technologies and the value of evolutionary approaches. Takes an integrated approach to infectious diseases Includes contributions from leading authorities Provides the latest developments in the field

In the Light of Evolution

National Academy of Sciences
In the Light of Evolution Book PDF

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : Sackler Colloquium
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015073872999

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In the Light of Evolution by National Academy of Sciences Pdf

The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.

Human Variation

Aravinda Chakravarti
Human Variation Book PDF

Author : Aravinda Chakravarti
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Science
ISBN : 1936113252

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Human Variation by Aravinda Chakravarti Pdf

"A subject collection from Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine."

Cells and Surveys

National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population
Cells and Surveys Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2001-01-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309171434

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Cells and Surveys by National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population Pdf

What can social science, and demography in particular, reasonably expect to learn from biological information? There is increasing pressure for multipurpose household surveys to collect biological data along with the more familiar interviewer-respondent information. Given that recent technical developments have made it more feasible to collect biological information in non-clinical settings, those who fund, design, and analyze survey data need to think through the rationale and potential consequences. This is a concern that transcends national boundaries. Cells and Surveys addresses issues such as which biologic/genetic data should be collected in order to be most useful to a range of social scientists and whether amassing biological data has unintended side effects. The book also takes a look at the various ethical and legal concerns that such data collection entails.

The Human Genome Diversity Project

Amade M'Charek
The Human Genome Diversity Project Book PDF

Author : Amade M'Charek
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2005-01-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1139442406

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The Human Genome Diversity Project by Amade M'Charek Pdf

The Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) was launched in 1991 by a group of population geneticists whose aim was to map genetic diversity in hundreds of human populations by tracing the similarities and differences between them. It quickly became controversial and was accused of racism and 'bad science' because of the special interest paid to sampling cell material from isolated and indigenous populations. The author spent a year carrying out participant observation in two of the laboratories involved and provides fascinating insights into daily routines and technologies used in those laboratories and also into issues of normativity, standardization and naturalisation. Drawing on debates and theoretical perspectives from across the social sciences, M'charek explores the relationship between the tools used to produce knowledge and the knowledge thus produced in a way that illuminates the HGDP but also contributes to our broader understanding of the contemporary life sciences and their social implications.