Evolutionary Analogies

Author : Giulio Napolitano,Barbara Gabriella Renzi
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-09-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781443833981

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Evolutionary Analogies by Giulio Napolitano,Barbara Gabriella Renzi Pdf

“Advocates of the evolutionary analogy claim that mechanisms governing scientific change are analogous to those at work in organic evolution – above all, natural selection. By referring to the works of the most influential proponents of evolutionary analogies (Toulmin, Campbell, Hull and, most notably, Kuhn) the authors discuss whether and to what extent their use of the analogy is appropriate. A careful and often illuminating perusal of the theoretical scope of the terms employed, as well as of the varying contexts within which the analogy is appealed to in contemporary debates, leads to the conclusion that such general theories of selective processes are either too sketchy or eventually not persuasive, if not altogether based on flawed views of evolutionary biology. By clarifying what is at stake, the analysis carried out in the book sheds new light on one of the dominant theories of scientific progress. It also invites criticism, of course – but that is the very fuel of philosophical confrontation.” – Stefano Gattei, IMT Institute for Advanced Studies, Lucca “This book presents a serious challenge to those, like David Hull, who seek to model scientific change as an evolutionary process. The authors point out that although there are similarities between the processes of scientific change and organic evolution, the dissimilarities present formidable difficulties to construing the relation as anything more than a weak analogy. Their argument employs what they call a ‘type hierarchical’ approach that promises to be a powerful tool for the classification of similarities between theories in all fields.” – Michael Bradie, Department of Philosophy, Bowling Green State University “This is a most interesting discussion of the analogy between biological and scientific change. Particularly commendable is the close attention paid to the thinking of the late David Hull and his pathbreaking work on this issue.” – Michael Ruse, History and Philosophy of Science, Florida State University

Author : Cameron Shelley
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2003-07-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027296580

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Multiple Analogies in Science and Philosophy by Cameron Shelley Pdf

A multiple analogy is a structured comparison in which several sources are likened to a target. In Multiple analogies in science and philosophy, Shelley provides a thorough account of the cognitive representations and processes that participate in multiple analogy formation. Through analysis of real examples taken from the fields of evolutionary biology, archaeology, and Plato's Republic, Shelley argues that multiple analogies are not simply concatenated single analogies but are instead the general form of analogical inference, of which single analogies are a special case. The result is a truly general cognitive model of analogical inference.Shelley also shows how a cognitive account of multiple analogies addresses important philosophical issues such as the confidence that one may have in an analogical explanation, and the role of analogy in science and philosophy. This book lucidly demonstrates that important questions regarding analogical inference cannot be answered adequately by consideration of single analogies alone.

Author : Philip Steadman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2008-06-03
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781134062348

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The Evolution of Designs by Philip Steadman Pdf

This book tells the history of the many analogies that have been made between the evolution of organisms and the human production of artefacts, especially buildings. It examines the effects of these analogies on architectural and design theory and considers how recent biological thinking has relevance for design. Architects and designers have looked to biology for inspiration since the early 19th century. They have sought not just to imitate the forms of plants and animals, but to find methods in design analogous to the processes of growth and evolution in nature. This new revised edition of this classic work adds an extended Afterword covering recent developments such as the introduction of computer methods in design in the 1980s and ‘90s, which have made possible a new kind of ‘biomorphic’ architecture through ‘genetic algorithms’ and other programming techniques.

Author : Salvatore J. Agosta,Daniel R. Brooks
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030520861

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The Major Metaphors of Evolution by Salvatore J. Agosta,Daniel R. Brooks Pdf

This book presents a unified evolutionary framework based on three sets of metaphors that will help to consolidate discussions on evolutionary transitions. Evolution is the unifying principle of life, making identifying ways to apply evolutionary principles to tackle existence-threatening crises such as climate change crucial. A more cohesive evolutionary framework will further the discussions in this regard and also accelerate the process itself. This book lays out a framework based on three dualistic classes of metaphors – time, space, and conflict resolution. Evolutionary transitions theory shows how metaphors can help us understand selective diversification, as Darwin described with his “tree of life”. Moreover, the recently proposed Stockholm paradigm demonstrates how metaphors can help shed light on the emergence of complex ecosystems that Darwin highlighted with his “tangled bank” metaphor. Taken together, these ideas offer proactive measures for coping with existential crises for humanity, such as climate change. The book will appeal to biologists, philosophers and historians alike.

Author : Cameron Shelley
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9027223637

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Multiple Analogies in Science and Philosophy by Cameron Shelley Pdf

A multiple analogy is a structured comparison in which several sources are likened to a target. In "Multiple analogies in science and philosophy," Shelley provides a thorough account of the cognitive representations and processes that participate in multiple analogy formation. Through analysis of real examples taken from the fields of evolutionary biology, archaeology, and Plato's "Republic," Shelley argues that multiple analogies are not simply concatenated single analogies but are instead the general form of analogical inference, of which single analogies are a special case. The result is a truly general cognitive model of analogical inference.Shelley also shows how a cognitive account of multiple analogies addresses important philosophical issues such as the confidence that one may have in an analogical explanation, and the role of analogy in science and philosophy.This book lucidly demonstrates that important questions regarding analogical inference cannot be answered adequately by consideration of single analogies alone.

Author : Jean-Baptiste André,Mikael Cozic,Silvia De Monte,Jean Gayon,Philippe Huneman,Johannes Martens,Bernard Walliser
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2023-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031087905

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From Evolutionary Biology to Economics and Back by Jean-Baptiste André,Mikael Cozic,Silvia De Monte,Jean Gayon,Philippe Huneman,Johannes Martens,Bernard Walliser Pdf

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the major key concepts common to economics and evolutionary biology. Written by a group of philosophers of science, biologists and economists, it proposes analyses of the meaning of twenty-five concepts from the viewpoint respectively of economics and of evolutionary biology –each followed by a short synthesis emphasizing major discrepancies and commonalities. This analysis is surrounded by chapters exploring the nature of the analogy that connects evolution and economics, and chapters that summarize the major teachings of the analyses of the keywords. Most scholars in biology and in economics know that their science has something in common with the other one, for instance the notions of competition and resources. Textbooks regularly acknowledge that the two fields share some history – Darwin borrowing from Malthus the insistence on scarcity of resources, and then behavioral ecologists adapting and transforming game theory into evolutionary game theory in the 1980s, while Friedman famously alluded to a Darwinian process yielding the extant firms. However, the real extent of the similarities, the reasons why they are so close, and the limits and even the nature of the analogy connecting economics and biological evolution, remain inexplicit. This book proposes basis analyses that can sustain such explication. It is intended for researchers, grad students and master students in evolutionary and in economics, as well as in philosophy of science.

Author : Esben Sloth Andersen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134208692

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Evolutionary Economics by Esben Sloth Andersen Pdf

First Published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : David Fishelov
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780271038810

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Metaphors of Genre by David Fishelov Pdf

Author : Jim Slagle
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350173132

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The Evolutionary Argument against Naturalism by Jim Slagle Pdf

Contemporary discussions in metaphysics, epistemology and philosophy of mind are dominated by the presupposition of naturalism. Arguing against this established convention, Jim Slagle offers a thorough defence of Alvin Plantinga's Evolutionary Argument against Naturalism (EAAN) and in doing so, reveals how it shows that evolution and naturalism are incompatible. Charting the development of Plantinga's argument, Slagle asserts that the probability of our cognitive faculties reliably producing true beliefs is low if ontological naturalism is true, and therefore all other beliefs produced by these faculties, including naturalism itself, are self-defeating. He critiques other well-known epistemological approaches, including those of Descartes and Quine, and deftly counters the many objections against the EAAN to conclude that metaphysical naturalism should be rejected on the grounds of self-defeat. By situating Plantinga's argument within a wider context and showing that science and evolution cannot entail naturalism, Slagle renders this most common metaphysical view irrational. As such, the book advocates an important reconsideration of contemporary thought at the intersection of philosophy, science and religion.

Author : Ron A. Boschma,Ron L. Martin
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 559 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781847204912

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The Handbook of Evolutionary Economic Geography by Ron A. Boschma,Ron L. Martin Pdf

This wide-ranging handbook studies and defines the paradigm of evolutionary economic geography. The distinguished contributors highlight the key conceptual, theoretical and empirical advances, and present a clear statement of their aims, objectives and methods.

Author : W. Callebaut,R. Pinxten
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400939677

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Evolutionary Epistemology by W. Callebaut,R. Pinxten Pdf

This volume has its already distant or1g1n in an inter national conference on Evolutionary Epistemology the editors organized at the University of Ghent in November 1984. This conference aimed to follow up the endeavor started at the ERISS (Epistemologically Relevant Internalist Sociology of Science) conference organized by Don Campbell and Alex Rosen berg at Cazenovia Lake, New York, in June 1981, whilst in jecting the gist of certain current continental intellectual developments into a debate whose focus, we thought, was in danger of being narrowed too much, considering the still underdeveloped state of affairs in the field. Broadly speaking, evolutionary epistemology today con sists of two interrelated, yet qualitatively distinct inves tigative efforts. Both are drawing on Darwinian concepts, which may explain why many people have failed to discriminate them. One is the study of the evolution of the cognitive apparatus of living organisms, which is first and foremost the province of biologists and psychologists (H. C. Plotkin, Ed. , Learning, Development, and Culture: Essays in Evolu tionary Epistemology, New York, Wiley, 1984), although quite a few philosophers - professional or vocational - have also felt the need to express themselves on this vast subject (F. M. Wuketits, Ed. , Conce ts and Approaches in Evolutionary Epistemology, Dordrecht Boston, Reidel, 1984). The other approach deals with the evolution of science, and has been dominated hitherto by (allegedly) 'naturalized' philosophers; no book-length survey of this literature is available at present.

Author : Richard W. England
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0472104837

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Evolutionary Concepts in Contemporary Economics by Richard W. England Pdf

This anthology reports on a number of contemporary attempts to introduce evolutionary concepts into economic analysis.

Author : Kai Hahlweg,C. A. Hooker
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1989-11-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781438405391

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Issues in Evolutionary Epistemology by Kai Hahlweg,C. A. Hooker Pdf

This book provides the fullest philosophical examination of theories of evolutionary epistemology now available. Here for the first time are found major statements of new theories, new applications, and many new critical explorations. The book is divided into four parts: Part I introduces several new approaches to evolutionary epistemology; Part II attempts to widen the scope of evolutionary epistemology, either by tackling more traditional epistemological issues, or by applying evolutionary models to new areas of inquiry such as the evolution of culture or of intentionality; Part III critically discusses specific problems in evolutionary epistemology; and Part IV deals with the relationship of evolutionary epistemology to the philosophy of mind. Because of its intellectual depth and its breadth of coverage, Issues in Evolutionary Epistemology will be an important text in the field for many years to come.

Author : Patrick James,David Goetze
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2001-08-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780313074677

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Evolutionary Theory and Ethnic Conflict by Patrick James,David Goetze Pdf

James and Goetze bring together contributors of varied backgrounds, ranging from evolutionary theorists to game theorists to analysts of specific ethnic conflict. Their work represents a coherent attempt at evaluating the usefulness of evolutionary theories for explaining ethnic phenomena and demonstrates how these theories can be applied in attempts to elucidate real-world behaviors. This study found that kinship theory that posits evolved dispositions to form cooperative bonds with family, ethnic groups and other social groups may go a long way in accounting for the formation of ethnic groups. Also, ingroup-outgroup theory may contribute to understanding how group conflict commences. Likewise, the description of evolved mechanisms for discerning threat, for building reputations, and for recognizing individuals, groups, and states as possible cooperators and long-term allies may facilitate explanation of the outbreak and avoidance of group conflicts. This also may explain the design of conscious strategies for conflict prevention and resolution. Nonetheless, several contributors take a more critical stance and offer ample reason why building these explanations may prove elusive or at least troublesome given the complex character of human societies. This work is a provocative resource for scholars, students, and other researchers involved with ethnicity and ethnic conflict, international relations, social psychology, and social anthropology.

Author : George Basalla
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521296811

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The Evolution of Technology by George Basalla Pdf

Three emerging themes challenge the popular notion that technology advances through the efforts of a few who produce a series of revolutionary inventions that owe little or nothing to the technological past.