Fundamental Changes In Cellular Biology In The 20th Century

Author : Charles Galperin,Scott F. Gilbert,Brigitte Hoppe
Publisher : Brepols Publishers
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105121901065

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Fundamental Changes in Cellular Biology in the 20th Century by Charles Galperin,Scott F. Gilbert,Brigitte Hoppe Pdf

This volume presents a collection of selected papers worked out for the XXth International Congress of History of Science held in July 1997 in Liege The first part analyzes interrelations between the exact sciences, chemistry and physics on the one hand, and life sciences on the other hand. It is well known that in many fields of biological sciences, mainly in those working with experimental methods, chemical and physical knowledge was integrated but the historic development of that interrelation is not yet known and cannot be explained enough in all details until the present day. By searching for the events in the past, historians of science find out that introducing physical and chemical methods and knowledge into life sciences was not a simple but very complex historical process. The second part was constructed during the centenary of E.B. Wilson's pioneering book The Cell in Development and Inheritance (1896), with an eye on this tradition of biological research. Wilson attempted to integrate cytology, embryology, and the chromosome theory of inheritance into a common cellular framework. It was only in the late 1970s that the synthesis now called cell biology, developmental biology and developmental genetics came into existence. The work carried out in Zurich under E. Hadorn's supervision was brought to light. Concepts and paths of research were defined, for example: homeosis, physiological genetics, 'body plans' allometry, homologies of process, evolution as 'bricolage' and finally a critical essay on different perspectives on development.

Author : Arne Hessenbruch
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 965 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134262946

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Reader's Guide to the History of Science by Arne Hessenbruch Pdf

The Reader's Guide to the History of Science looks at the literature of science in some 550 entries on individuals (Einstein), institutions and disciplines (Mathematics), general themes (Romantic Science) and central concepts (Paradigm and Fact). The history of science is construed widely to include the history of medicine and technology as is reflected in the range of disciplines from which the international team of 200 contributors are drawn.

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

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Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Philippe Huneman,Denis M. Walsh
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199377183

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Challenging the Modern Synthesis by Philippe Huneman,Denis M. Walsh Pdf

Since its origin in the early 20th century, the Modern Synthesis theory of evolution has grown to become the orthodox view on the process of organic evolution. Its central defining feature is the prominence it accords to genes in the explanation of evolutionary dynamics. Since the advent of the 21st century, however, the Modern Synthesis has been subject to repeated and sustained challenges. These are largely empirically driven. In the last two decades, evolutionary biology has witnessed unprecedented growth in the understanding of those processes that underwrite the development of organisms and the inheritance of characters. The empirical advances usher in challenges to the conceptual foundations of evolutionary theory. The extent to which the new biology challenges the Modern Synthesis has been the subject of lively debate. Many current commentators charge that the new biology of the 21st century calls for a revision, extension, or wholesale rejection of the Modern Synthesis Theory of evolution. Defenders of the Modern Synthesis maintain that the theory can accommodate the exciting new advances in biology. The original essays collected in this volume survey the various challenges to the Modern Synthesis arising from the new biology of the 21st century. The authors are evolutionary biologists, philosophers of science, and historians of biology from Europe and North America. Each of the essays discusses a particular challenge to the Modern Synthesis treatment of inheritance, development, or adaptation. Taken together, the essays cover a spectrum of views, from those that contend that the Modern Synthesis can rise to the challenges of the new biology, with little or no revision required, to those that call for the abandonment of the Modern Synthesis. The collection will be of interest to researchers and students in evolutionary biology, and the philosophy and history of the biological sciences.

Author : Laura Garwin,Tim Lincoln
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2010-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226284163

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A Century of Nature by Laura Garwin,Tim Lincoln Pdf

Many of the scientific breakthroughs of the twentieth century were first reported in the journal Nature. A Century of Nature brings together in one volume Nature's greatest hits—reproductions of seminal contributions that changed science and the world, accompanied by essays written by leading scientists (including four Nobel laureates) that provide historical context for each article, explain its insights in graceful, accessible prose, and celebrate the serendipity of discovery and the rewards of searching for needles in haystacks.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on a New Biology for the 21st Century: Ensuring the United States Leads the Coming Biology Revolution
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2009-11-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309147866

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A New Biology for the 21st Century by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on a New Biology for the 21st Century: Ensuring the United States Leads the Coming Biology Revolution Pdf

Now more than ever, biology has the potential to contribute practical solutions to many of the major challenges confronting the United States and the world. A New Biology for the 21st Century recommends that a "New Biology" approach-one that depends on greater integration within biology, and closer collaboration with physical, computational, and earth scientists, mathematicians and engineers-be used to find solutions to four key societal needs: sustainable food production, ecosystem restoration, optimized biofuel production, and improvement in human health. The approach calls for a coordinated effort to leverage resources across the federal, private, and academic sectors to help meet challenges and improve the return on life science research in general.

Author : Jean Gayon,Victor Petit
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119610489

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Knowledge of Life Today by Jean Gayon,Victor Petit Pdf

Knowledge of Life Today presents the thoughts of Jean Gayon, a major philosopher of science in France who is recognized across the Atlantic, especially for his work in philosophy and the history of life sciences. The book is structured around Gayon's personal answers to questions put forward by Victor Petit. This approach combines scientific rigor and risk-taking in answers that go back to the fundamentals of the subject. As well as the relationship between philosophy and the history of science, Gayon discusses the main questions of the history and philosophy of biology that marked his intellectual journey: Darwin, evolutionary biology, genetics and molecular biology, human evolution, and various aspects of the relationship between biology and society in contemporary times (racism, eugenics, biotechnology, biomedicine, etc.).

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309096126

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Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology Pdf

Advances in computer science and technology and in biology over the last several years have opened up the possibility for computing to help answer fundamental questions in biology and for biology to help with new approaches to computing. Making the most of the research opportunities at the interface of computing and biology requires the active participation of people from both fields. While past attempts have been made in this direction, circumstances today appear to be much more favorable for progress. To help take advantage of these opportunities, this study was requested of the NRC by the National Science Foundation, the Department of Defense, the National Institutes of Health, and the Department of Energy. The report provides the basis for establishing cross-disciplinary collaboration between biology and computing including an analysis of potential impediments and strategies for overcoming them. The report also presents a wealth of examples that should encourage students in the biological sciences to look for ways to enable them to be more effective users of computing in their studies.

Author : Gerd Kempermann
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Adulthood
ISBN : 0195179714

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Adult Neurogenesis by Gerd Kempermann Pdf

The discovery of adult neurogenesis and of stem cells in the brain has changed our view of the mature brain. Though we now know that the adult brain can make new neurons, it normally does so only in two privileged regions, the olfactory bulb and the hippocampus. Yet stem cells, which have the potential to produce new neurons, can be found throughout the adult brain. So why does the brain not make wider use of its potential for neurogenesis? And what is the function of new neurons and of neural stem cells in areas where they occur? After all, the brain regenerates poorly and many neurological and psychiatric disorders are chronic because cell replacement has not taken place. This is the first comprehensive, integrated account of one of the most exciting areas of neuroscience. It begins with the historical background and discusses theories of adult neurogenesis and neural stem cell biology in the context of learning and memory processes as well as structural plasticity. It describes in detail neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus and olfactory system and then surveys the regulatory, functional, and comparative aspects, concluding with a chapter on the provocative hypotheses that link failing adult neurogenesis with such diseases as temporal lobe epilepsy, major depression, brain tumors, and dementias. For graduate students, investigators, and clinicians in the neurosciences, developmental biology, and stem cell research, this book is a unique resource that sifts through the evidence for exciting scientific ideas and fosters a realistic view of the therapeutic possibilities for the use of stem cells in the adult brain.

Author : Robert Hooke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1665
Category : Hair
ISBN : IBNF:CF005643240

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Micrographia by Robert Hooke Pdf

Author : Subrata Pal
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128148563

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Fundamentals of Molecular Structural Biology by Subrata Pal Pdf

Fundamentals of Molecular Structural Biology reviews the mathematical and physical foundations of molecular structural biology. Based on these fundamental concepts, it then describes molecular structure and explains basic genetic mechanisms. Given the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of research, early career researchers and those shifting into an adjacent field often require a "fundamentals" book to get them up-to-speed on the foundations of a particular field. This book fills that niche. Provides a current and easily digestible resource on molecular structural biology, discussing both foundations and the latest advances Addresses critical issues surrounding macromolecular structures, such as structure-based drug discovery, single-particle analysis, computational molecular biology/molecular dynamic simulation, cell signaling and immune response, macromolecular assemblies, and systems biology Presents discussions that ultimately lead the reader toward a more detailed understanding of the basis and origin of disease

Author : Jacobus J. Boomsma
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-11-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191063213

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Domains and Major Transitions of Social Evolution by Jacobus J. Boomsma Pdf

Evolutionary change is usually incremental and continuous, but some increases in organizational complexity have been radical and divisive. Evolutionary biologists, who refer to such events as “major transitions”, have not always appreciated that these advances were novel forms of pairwise commitment that subjugated previously independent agents. Inclusive fitness theory convincingly explains cooperation and conflict in societies of animals and free-living cells, but to deserve its eminent status it should also capture how major transitions originated: from prokaryote cells to eukaryote cells, via differentiated multicellularity, to colonies with specialized queen and worker castes. As yet, no attempt has been made to apply inclusive fitness principles to the origins of these events. Domains and Major Transitions of Social Evolution develops the idea that major evolutionary transitions involved new levels of informational closure that moved beyond looser partnerships. Early neo-Darwinians understood this principle, but later social gradient thinking obscured the discontinuity of life's fundamental organizational transitions. The author argues that the major transitions required maximal kinship in simple ancestors - not conflict reduction in already elaborate societies. Reviewing more than a century of literature, he makes testable predictions, proposing that open societies and closed organisms require very different inclusive fitness explanations. It appears that only human ancestors lived in societies that were already complex before our major cultural transition occurred. We should therefore not impose the trajectory of our own social history on the rest of nature. This thought-provoking text is suitable for graduate-level students taking courses in evolutionary biology, behavioural ecology, organismal developmental biology, and evolutionary genetics, as well as professional researchers in these fields. It will also appeal to a broader, interdisciplinary audience, including the social sciences and humanities.

Author : Renato Giuseppe Mazzolini,Hans-Jörg Rheinberger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Stem cells
ISBN : STANFORD:36105213383420

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Differing Routes to Stem Cell Research by Renato Giuseppe Mazzolini,Hans-Jörg Rheinberger Pdf

Stem cells have been in the center of a heated biomedical and biopolitical debate in the first decade of the new millennium. Ethical concerns prevailed. The present volume follows the controversial discussions on stem cells in Italy and Germany, respectively, over the past 15 years. It aims at an assessment of the situation, and its method is comparative. The first part of the book takes a step back and sheds light on the early history of views on stem cells and on cellular reprogramming from the middle of the nineteenth to the end of the twentieth century. Part two and three have a close look on the recent developments in Germany and in Italy from three different viewpoints: the state of the art in scientific research, the public debate on its perceived promises and dangers, and the political and legal regulations that followed. It turns out that, despite their cultural and geographical vicinity, there are significant national differences in the discursive and juridical strategies followed in both European countries.

Author : Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9888407457

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Concepts of Biology by Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise Pdf

Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.

Author : Harvey J. Miller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402054273

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Societies and Cities in the Age of Instant Access by Harvey J. Miller Pdf

We are on the verge of what many are calling the "second information revolution," based on ubiquitous access to both computing and information. The technologies of instant access have potential to transform dramatically our lives. This book contains chapters by leading international experts. They discuss issues surrounding the impact of instant access on cities, daily lives, transportation, privacy, social and economic networks, community and education.