Governing Agrobiodiversity

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Governing Agrobiodiversity

Regine Andersen
Governing Agrobiodiversity Book PDF

Author : Regine Andersen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317125730

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Governing Agrobiodiversity by Regine Andersen Pdf

Plant genetic diversity is crucial to the breeding of food crops and is therefore a central precondition for food security. Diverse genetic resources provide the genetic traits required to deal with crop pests and diseases, as well as changing climate conditions. Plant genetic diversity is also essential for traditional small-scale farming, and is therefore an indispensable factor in the fight against poverty. However, the diversity of domesticated plant varieties is disappearing at an alarming rate while interest in the commercial use of genetic resources has increased in line with bio-technologies, followed by demands for intellectual property rights. This important book contributes to our understanding of how international regimes affect the management of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in developing countries. It identifies entry points to shape a better governance of agrobiodiversity and provides the first comprehensive analysis of how the international agreements pertaining to crop genetic resources affect the management of these vital resources for food security and poverty eradication in developing countries.

Agrobiodiversity and the Law

Juliana Santilli
Agrobiodiversity and the Law Book PDF

Author : Juliana Santilli
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136580024

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Agrobiodiversity and the Law by Juliana Santilli Pdf

A wide range of crop genetic resources is vital for future food security. Loss of agricultural biodiversity increases the risk of relying on a limited number of staple food crops. However, many laws, such as seed laws, plant varieties protection and access and benefit-sharing laws, have direct impacts on agrobiodiversity, and their effects have been severely underestimated by policy-makers. This is of concern not only to lawyers, but also to agronomists, biologists, and social scientists, all of whom need clear guidance as to the relevance of the law to their work. This book analyzes the impact of the legal system on agrobiodiversity (or agricultural biodiversity) – the diversity of agricultural species, varieties, and ecosystems. Using an interdisciplinary approach, it takes up the emerging concept of agrobiodiversity and its relationship with food security, nutrition, health, environmental sustainability, and climate change. It assesses the impacts on agrobiodiversity of key legal instruments, including seeds laws, the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, plant breeders’ rights, the Convention on Biological Diversity (regarding specifically its impact on agrobiodiversity), and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. It also reviews the options for the implementation of these instruments at the national level in several countries. It discusses the interfaces between the free software movement, the ‘commons’ movement, and seeds, as well as the legal instruments to protect cultural heritage and their application to safeguard agrobiodiversity-rich systems. Finally, it analyzes the role of protected areas and the possibility of using geographical indications to enhance the value of agrobiodiversity products and processes.

Governing Agrobiodiversity

Regine Andersen
Governing Agrobiodiversity Book PDF

Author : Regine Andersen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317125747

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Governing Agrobiodiversity by Regine Andersen Pdf

Plant genetic diversity is crucial to the breeding of food crops and is therefore a central precondition for food security. Diverse genetic resources provide the genetic traits required to deal with crop pests and diseases, as well as changing climate conditions. Plant genetic diversity is also essential for traditional small-scale farming, and is therefore an indispensable factor in the fight against poverty. However, the diversity of domesticated plant varieties is disappearing at an alarming rate while interest in the commercial use of genetic resources has increased in line with bio-technologies, followed by demands for intellectual property rights. This important book contributes to our understanding of how international regimes affect the management of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in developing countries. It identifies entry points to shape a better governance of agrobiodiversity and provides the first comprehensive analysis of how the international agreements pertaining to crop genetic resources affect the management of these vital resources for food security and poverty eradication in developing countries.

Agrobiodiversity

Karl S. Zimmerer,Stef De Haan
Agrobiodiversity Book PDF

Author : Karl S. Zimmerer,Stef De Haan
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2023-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262549691

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Agrobiodiversity by Karl S. Zimmerer,Stef De Haan Pdf

Experts discuss the challenges faced in agrobiodiversity and conservation, integrating disciplines that range from plant and biological sciences to economics and political science. Wide-ranging environmental phenomena—including climate change, extreme weather events, and soil and water availability—combine with such socioeconomic factors as food policies, dietary preferences, and market forces to affect agriculture and food production systems on local, national, and global scales. The increasing simplification of food systems, the continuing decline of plant species, and the ongoing spread of pests and disease threaten biodiversity in agriculture as well as the sustainability of food resources. Complicating the situation further, the multiple systems involved—cultural, economic, environmental, institutional, and technological—are driven by human decision making, which is inevitably informed by diverse knowledge systems. The interactions and linkages that emerge necessitate an integrated assessment if we are to make progress toward sustainable agriculture and food systems. This volume in the Strüngmann Forum Reports series offers insights into the challenges faced in agrobiodiversity and sustainability and proposes an integrative framework to guide future research, scholarship, policy, and practice. The contributors offer perspectives from a range of disciplines, including plant and biological sciences, food systems and nutrition, ecology, economics, plant and animal breeding, anthropology, political science, geography, law, and sociology. Topics covered include evolutionary ecology, food and human health, the governance of agrobiodiversity, and the interactions between agrobiodiversity and climate and demographic change.

Agrobiodiversity Conservation

Nigel Maxted
Agrobiodiversity Conservation Book PDF

Author : Nigel Maxted
Publisher : CABI
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781845938512

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Agrobiodiversity Conservation by Nigel Maxted Pdf

Based on the 2010 conference "Towards the establishment of genetic reserves for crop wild relatives and landraces in Europe", this book is the cutting edge discussion of agrobiodiversity conservation. By considering the benefits of understanding and preserving crop wild relatives and landraces, it encompasses issues as wide-ranging and topical as habitat protection, ecosystem health and food security. Focusing on Europe, but globally relevant, Agrobiodiversity Conservation is ideal for postgraduate students of conservation and environmental studies, conservation professionals, policy makers and researchers.

Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Economic Development

Andreas Kontoleon,Unai Pascual,Melinda Smale
Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Economic Development Book PDF

Author : Andreas Kontoleon,Unai Pascual,Melinda Smale
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2008-10-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134039098

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Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Economic Development by Andreas Kontoleon,Unai Pascual,Melinda Smale Pdf

This book reflects current developments in the economics of agrobiodiversity and focuses its attention on the role agrobiodiversity can have for economic development. As a new and rapidly expanding subfield at the interface of environmental/ecological, agricultural and development economics, the editors and contributors to this volume provide a thorough, structured and authoritative coverage of this field. Topics covered include the economic modelling of agrobiodiversity, policy and governance solutions for the conservation of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, contracts, markets and valuation. The authors include well-known and respected academics and researchers who have a real policy perspective into the role of agrobiodiversity and economic development. The book provides coherent and up to date coverage of the economics of in-situ agrobiodiversity conservation which is to a large extent currently absent. Though the material in the volume is primarily written for economists, its content and style are highly relevant and accessible to ecologists and conservation biologists, and to academics from other broad disciplines that are located within the areas of economics and ecology.

Agrobiodiversity

David Wood,Jillian M. Lenné
Agrobiodiversity Book PDF

Author : David Wood,Jillian M. Lenné
Publisher : Cabi
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Nature
ISBN : STANFORD:36105022132737

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Agrobiodiversity by David Wood,Jillian M. Lenné Pdf

Why agrobiodiversity?; The origins of agrobiodiversity in agriculture; The nature and role of crop biodiversity; Biodiversity in domesticated animals; The regulation and functional significance of soil biodiversity in sgroecosystems; Pathogen biodiversity: its nature, characterization and consequences; Insect biodiversity in agroecosystems: function, value and optimization: Determinants of agrobiodiversity in the agricultural landscape; Traditional management of agrobiodiversity; Does mplant breeding lead to a loss of genetic diversity?; The effects of pest management strategies on biodiversity in agroecosystems; The effects of alternative tillage systems on biodiversity in agroecosystems; Seed management systems and effects on diversity; Conservation of agrobiodiversity; A conceptual framework for valuing on-farm genetic resources; Regulatory issues; Agrtobiodiversity and natural biodiversity: some parallels; Optimizing biodiversity for productive agriculture.

Redesigning the Global Seed Commons

Christine Frison
Redesigning the Global Seed Commons Book PDF

Author : Christine Frison
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-08
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351403214

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Redesigning the Global Seed Commons by Christine Frison Pdf

There is much current controversy over whether the rights to seeds or plant genetic resources should be owned by the private sector or be common property. This book addresses the legal and policy aspects of the multilateral seed management regime. First, it studies in detail the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) in order to understand and identify its dysfunctions. Second, it proposes solutions - using recent developments of the "theory of the commons" - to improve the collective seed management system of the Treaty, a necessary condition for its member states to reach the overall food security and sustainable agriculture goals. Redesigning the Global Seed Commons provides a significant contribution to the current political and academic debates on agrobiodiversity law and governance, and on food security and food sovereignty, by analyzing key issues under the Treaty that affect the design and implementation of regulatory instruments managing seeds as a commons. It also examines the practical, legal, political and economic problems encountered in the attempt to implement these obligations in contemporary settings. In particular, it considers how to improve the Treaty implementation by proposing ways for Contracting Parties to better reach the Treaty’s objectives taking a holistic view of the human-seed ecosystem. Following the tenth anniversary of the functioning the Treaty’s multilateral system of access and benefit-sharing, which is currently under review by its Contracting Parties, this book is well-timed to examine recent developments in the field and guide the current review process to design a truly Global Seed Commons.

Agrobiodiversity - a training manual for farmer groups in East Africa

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Agrobiodiversity a training manual for farmer groups in East Africa Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251305294

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Agrobiodiversity - a training manual for farmer groups in East Africa by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Farmers play a crucial role in the preservation and sustainable use of agrobiodiversity. In fact, the diversity of species that support our current agricultural production systems has been carefully managed and shaped by farming communities, over the course of the history of humankind. Farmers act as custodian of the Earth’s agrobiodiversity resources, and play a big part in preserving traditional plant and animal varieties, and the knowledge associated with these. FAO has long been working on promoting approaches to agriculture that enable both the sustainable use of biodiversity resources for food and agriculture, and their conservation, and on supporting farmers to make informed decisions on their farm management and production practices. This training manual fits in this broader commitment, to support a shift towards a paradigm of agricultural production that can sustain food and nutrition security while at the same time cause the least harm to natural ecosystems. The manual is intended as an introduction to agricultural biodiversity, and to its relevance to different aspects of agricultural production and management for smallholder farmers in Kenya. It includes eight different training modules, each covering a specific aspect related to agrobiodiversity. The modules are standalone and can be used independently one from the other, depending on the user’s or project’s aim. The materials were originally prepared within the FAO- Netherlands Partnership Programme (FNPP) and have been updated, revised and published under the second phase of the European Union-funded project “Capacity-building related to multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) in Africa, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries”.

Agrobiodiversity Management for Food Security

Jillian M. Lenné,David Wood
Agrobiodiversity Management for Food Security Book PDF

Author : Jillian M. Lenné,David Wood
Publisher : CABI
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781845937614

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Agrobiodiversity Management for Food Security by Jillian M. Lenné,David Wood Pdf

Agrobiodiversity provides most of our food through our interaction with crops and domestic animals. Future global food security is firmly anchored in sound, science-based management of agrobiodiversity. This book presents key concepts of agrobiodiversity management, critically reviewing important current and emerging issues including agricultural development, crop introduction, practical diversity in farming systems, impact of modern crop varieties and GM crops, conservation, climate change, food sovereignty and policies. It will also address claims and misinformation in the subject based on sound scientific principles.

Routledge Handbook of Agricultural Biodiversity

Danny Hunter,Luigi Guarino,Charles Spillane,Peter C. McKeown
Routledge Handbook of Agricultural Biodiversity Book PDF

Author : Danny Hunter,Luigi Guarino,Charles Spillane,Peter C. McKeown
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-10-03
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781317753292

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Routledge Handbook of Agricultural Biodiversity by Danny Hunter,Luigi Guarino,Charles Spillane,Peter C. McKeown Pdf

The world relies on very few crop and animal species for agriculture and to supply its food needs. In recent decades, there has been increased appreciation of the risk this implies for food security and quality, especially in times of environmental change. As a result, agricultural biodiversity has moved to the top of research and policy agendas. This Handbook presents a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge of agricultural biodiversity in a series of specially commissioned chapters. It draws on multiple disciplines including plant and animal genetics, ecology, crop and animal science, food studies and nutrition, as well as social science subjects which explore the socio-economic, cultural, institutional, legal and policy aspects of agricultural biodiversity. It focuses not only on the core requirements to deliver a sustainable agriculture and food supply, but also highlights the additional ecosystem services provided by a diverse and resilient agricultural landscape and farming practices. The book provides an indispensable reference textbook for a wide range of courses in agriculture, ecology, biodiversity conservation and environmental studies.

Framework for Action on Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Framework for Action on Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789251356432

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Framework for Action on Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Biodiversity for food and agriculture comprises all the components of biodiversity that contribute to crop and livestock production, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture – both wild and domesticated, and at genetic, species and ecosystem levels. It is vital to food security and nutrition, livelihoods and the supply of a range of ecosystem services. The Framework for Action on Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture was endorsed by the FAO Council in 2021. It contains more than 50 individual actions grouped into three strategic priority areas: characterization, assessment and monitoring; management (sustainable use and conservation); and institutional frameworks. It was developed in response to the country-driven report on The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture.

Managing Biodiversity in Agricultural Ecosystems

D. I. Jarvis,Christine Padoch,H. D. Cooper
Managing Biodiversity in Agricultural Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : D. I. Jarvis,Christine Padoch,H. D. Cooper
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780231510004

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Managing Biodiversity in Agricultural Ecosystems by D. I. Jarvis,Christine Padoch,H. D. Cooper Pdf

Published in three other languages and growing, Managing Biodiversity in Agricultural Ecosystems takes a look at how farmers manage, maintain, and benefit from biodiversity in agricultural production systems. The volume includes the most recent research and developments in the maintenance of local diversity at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. Chapters cover the assessment and farmer management practices for crop, livestock, aquatic, and associated diversity (such as pollinators and soil microorganisms) in agricultural ecosystems; examine the potential role of diversity in minimizing pest and disease pressures; and present studies that exemplify the potential nutritional, ecosystem service, and financial values of this diversity under changing economic and environmental conditions. The volume contains perspectives that combine the thinking of social and biological scientists. Inappropriate or excessive use of inputs can cause damage to biodiversity within agricultural ecosystems and compromise future productivity. This book features numerous case studies that show how farmers have used alternative approaches to manage biodiversity to enhance the stability, resilience, and productivity of their farms, pointing the way toward improved biodiversity on a global scale. As custodians of the world's agricultural biodiversity, farmers are fully invested in ways to create, sustain, and assist in the evolution and adaptation of a variety of plant and animal species. Thus this text is mandatory reading for conservationists, environmentalists, botanists, zoologists, geneticists, and anyone interested in the health of our ecosystem.

Cultivating Diversity

Lori Ann Thrupp
Cultivating Diversity Book PDF

Author : Lori Ann Thrupp
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Nature
ISBN : STANFORD:36105021949297

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Cultivating Diversity by Lori Ann Thrupp Pdf

Biodiversity is a fundamental basis for agricultural production and food security, as well as a valuable ingredient of environmental conservations. This report reveals the urgent need for action to incorporate biodiversity planning into agricultural development, and its highlights effective practices and policies.

Intellectual Property, Agriculture and Global Food Security

Claudio Chiarolla
Intellectual Property Agriculture and Global Food Security Book PDF

Author : Claudio Chiarolla
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781849807340

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Intellectual Property, Agriculture and Global Food Security by Claudio Chiarolla Pdf

'The instability of the global food supply system requires our urgent attention. There are no easy solutions but the starting point must entail a critical analysis of the existing institutions governing the ownership and exchange of the plant genetic resources that underpin our long-term food security. Dr Chiarolla's book makes a valuable contribution to the debate.' – Graham Dutfield, University of Leeds, UK 'This book captures some of the key issues underlying the ever-lasting food crises both at national and global levels. It demonstrates how global policies impact national and local actions while food insecurity seems to be a constant companion to many, in spite of decades of our work on securing food as a fundamental right for the poor.' – Balakrishna Pisupati, United Nations Environment Programme, Kenya 'This thoughtful book raises important issues about ownership of agricultural resources, the environment and food security. Claudio Chiarolla has written an important book that challenges traditional notions of plant genetic resources and agricultural research. The author's detailed and thorough approach ensures that the book will make a valuable contribution to the debate about sustainable agricultural development and it is highly recommended to anyone interested in intellectual property rights and sustainable agriculture.' – Duncan Matthews, Queen Mary, University of London, UK This well-researched book focuses on international governance of crop diversity and agricultural innovation. It highlights the implications that the future control of food, including access to agricultural resources and technologies, might have for global food security. Claudio Chiarolla analyses developmental implications of global regulatory reforms that impact on access to agricultural knowledge, science and technology for sustainable development. Current global arrangements fall short of halving the proportion of people who suffer from hunger in accordance with the Millennium Development Goals' framework. Therefore, the book proposes ways to achieve international equity in the way agricultural research is conducted, how its results are disseminated and the benefits shared. This definitive study will be appreciated by anyone interested in intellectual property, agricultural innovation, environmental policy, biotechnology and associated regulatory challenges. It will be a valuable resource for policymakers and practitioners, legislators, academic professionals, civil society activists and scholars in legal, environment and development studies.