How We Cooperate

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How We Cooperate

John E. Roemer
How We Cooperate Book PDF

Author : John E. Roemer
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : Altruism
ISBN : 9780300233339

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How We Cooperate by John E. Roemer Pdf

A new theory of how and why we cooperate, drawing from economics, political theory, and philosophy to challenge the conventional wisdom of game theory Game theory explains competitive behavior by working from the premise that people are self-interested. People don't just compete, however; they also cooperate. John Roemer argues that attempts by orthodox game theorists to account for cooperation leave much to be desired. Unlike competing players, cooperating players take those actions that they would like others to take--which Roemer calls "Kantian optimization." Through rigorous reasoning and modeling, Roemer demonstrates a simpler theory of cooperative behavior than the standard model provides.

Why We Cooperate

Michael Tomasello
Why We Cooperate Book PDF

Author : Michael Tomasello
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2009-08-28
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262258494

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Why We Cooperate by Michael Tomasello Pdf

Through experiments with kids and chimpanzees, this cutting-edge theory in developmental psychology reveals how cooperation is a distinctly human combination of innate and learned behavior. “[A] fascinating approach to the question of what makes us human.” —Publishers Weekly Drop something in front of a 2-year-old, and she’s likely to pick it up for you. This is not a learned behavior, psychologist Michael Tomasello argues. Through observations of young children in experiments he designed, Tomasello shows that children are naturally—and uniquely—cooperative. For example, apes put through similar experiments demonstrate the ability to work together and share, but choose not to. As children grow, their almost reflexive desire to help—without expectation of reward—becomes shaped by culture. They become more aware of being a member of a group. Groups convey mutual expectations, and thus may either encourage or discourage altruism and collaboration. Either way, cooperation emerges as a distinctly human combination of innate and learned behavior. In Why We Cooperate, Tomasello’s studies of young children and great apes help identify the underlying psychological processes that very likely supported humans’ earliest forms of complex collaboration and, ultimately, our unique forms of cultural organization, from the evolution of tolerance and trust to the creation of such group-level structures as cultural norms and institutions. Scholars Carol Dweck, Joan Silk, Brian Skyrms, and Elizabeth Spelke respond to Tomasello’s findings and explore the implications.

Friend & Foe

Adam Galinsky,Maurice Schweitzer
Friend Foe Book PDF

Author : Adam Galinsky,Maurice Schweitzer
Publisher : Currency
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-09-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780307720252

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Friend & Foe by Adam Galinsky,Maurice Schweitzer Pdf

What does it take to succeed? This question has fueled a long-running debate. Some have argued that humans are fundamentally competitive, and that pursuing self-interest is the best way to get ahead. Others claim that humans are born to cooperate and that we are most successful when we collaborate with others. In FRIEND AND FOE, researchers Galinsky and Schweitzer explain why this debate misses the mark. Rather than being hardwired to compete or cooperate, we have evolved to do both. In every relationship, from co-workers to friends to spouses to siblings we are both friends and foes. It is only by learning how to strike the right balance between these two forces that we can improve our long-term relationships and get more of what we want. Here, Galinsky and Schweitzer draw on original, cutting edge research from their own labs and from across the social sciences as well as vivid real-world examples to show how to maximize success in work and in life by deftly navigating the tension between cooperation and competition. They offer insights and advice ranging from: how to gain power and keep it, how to build trust and repair trust once it’s broken, how to diffuse workplace conflict and bias, how to find the right comparisons to motivate us and make us happier, and how to succeed in negotiations – ensuring that we achieve our own goals and satisfy those of our counterparts. Along the way, they pose and offer surprising answers to a number of perplexing puzzles: when does too much talent undermine success; why can acting less competently gain you status and authority, where do many gender differences in the workplace really come from, how can you use deception to build trust, and why do you want to go last on American Idol and in many interview situations, but make the first offer when negotiating the sale of a new car. We perform at our very best when we hold cooperation and competition in the right balance. This book is a guide for navigating our social and professional worlds by learning when to cooperate as a friend and when to compete as a foe—and how to be better at both.

The Evolution of Cooperation

Robert Axelrod
The Evolution of Cooperation Book PDF

Author : Robert Axelrod
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780786734887

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The Evolution of Cooperation by Robert Axelrod Pdf

A famed political scientist's classic argument for a more cooperative world We assume that, in a world ruled by natural selection, selfishness pays. So why cooperate? In The Evolution of Cooperation, political scientist Robert Axelrod seeks to answer this question. In 1980, he organized the famed Computer Prisoners Dilemma Tournament, which sought to find the optimal strategy for survival in a particular game. Over and over, the simplest strategy, a cooperative program called Tit for Tat, shut out the competition. In other words, cooperation, not unfettered competition, turns out to be our best chance for survival. A vital book for leaders and decision makers, The Evolution of Cooperation reveals how cooperative principles help us think better about everything from military strategy, to political elections, to family dynamics.

Kid Cooperation

Elizabeth Pantley
Kid Cooperation Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Pantley
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 1572240407

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Kid Cooperation by Elizabeth Pantley Pdf

Get practical skills that will hel end sibling fights and boost your children's self-esteem. Learn to exercise constructive discipline with understanding and authority.

I Can Cooperate!

David Parker
I Can Cooperate Book PDF

Author : David Parker
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 0439628121

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I Can Cooperate! by David Parker Pdf

This book is about cooperation.

Learning to Cooperate, Cooperating to Learn

R. Hertz-Lazarowitz,S. Kagan,S. Sharan,R. Slavin,C. Webb
Learning to Cooperate Cooperating to Learn Book PDF

Author : R. Hertz-Lazarowitz,S. Kagan,S. Sharan,R. Slavin,C. Webb
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781489936509

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Learning to Cooperate, Cooperating to Learn by R. Hertz-Lazarowitz,S. Kagan,S. Sharan,R. Slavin,C. Webb Pdf

This book was written and edited as a project of the International Asso ciation for the Study of Cooperation in Education (lASCE). It grew di rectly out of the second conference of the lASCE, held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, in [uly 1982. The chapters in the book were originally presented in some form at the Provo conference, though most have been considerably revised since that time. This is the second book sponsored by the lASCE; the first, Cooperation in Education (Provo, Utah:Brigham Young University Press, 1980), edited by Shlomo Sharan, Paul Hare, Clark Webb, and Rachel Hertz-Lazarowitz, was based on the proceedings of the first conference of the IASCE in Tel Aviv, Israel, in 1979. The IASCE is a group of educators interested in studying, devel oping, or applying cooperative methods at various levels of the process of education. It includes researchers, teacher educators, teachers, and school administrators from more than a dozen countries.

Co-Opetition

Adam M. Brandenburger,Barry J. Nalebuff
Co Opetition Book PDF

Author : Adam M. Brandenburger,Barry J. Nalebuff
Publisher : Crown Currency
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2011-07-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780307790545

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Co-Opetition by Adam M. Brandenburger,Barry J. Nalebuff Pdf

Now available in paperback, with an all new Reader's guide, The New York Times and Business Week bestseller Co-opetition revolutionized the game of business. With over 40,000 copies sold and now in its 9th printing, Co-opetition is a business strategy that goes beyond the old rules of competition and cooperation to combine the advantages of both. Co-opetition is a pioneering, high profit means of leveraging business relationships. Intel, Nintendo, American Express, NutraSweet, American Airlines, and dozens of other companies have been using the strategies of co-opetition to change the game of business to their benefit. Formulating strategies based on game theory, authors Brandenburger and Nalebuff created a book that's insightful and instructive for managers eager to move their companies into a new mind set.

The Social Instinct

Nichola Raihani
The Social Instinct Book PDF

Author : Nichola Raihani
Publisher : St. Martin's Press
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781250262813

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The Social Instinct by Nichola Raihani Pdf

"Enriching" —Publisher's Weekly "Excellent and illuminating"—Wall Street Journal In the tradition of Richard Dawkins's The Selfish Gene, Nichola Raihani's The Social Instinct is a profound and engaging look at the hidden relationships underpinning human evolution, and why cooperation is key to our future survival. Cooperation is the means by which life arose in the first place. It’s how life progressed through scale and complexity, from free-floating strands of genetic material to nation states. But given what we know about evolution, cooperation is also something of a puzzle. How does cooperation begin, when on a Darwinian level, all the genes in the body care about is being passed on to the next generation? Why do meerkats care for one another’s offspring? Why do babbler birds in the Kalahari form colonies in which only a single pair breeds? And how come some reef-dwelling fish punish each other for harming fish from another species? A biologist by training, Raihani looks at where and how collaborative behavior emerges throughout the animal kingdom, and what problems it solves. She reveals that the species that exhibit cooperative behaviour most similar to our own tend not to be other apes; they are birds, insects, and fish, occupying far more distant branches of the evolutionary tree. By understanding the problems they face, and how they cooperate to solve them, we can glimpse how human cooperation first evolved. And we can also understand what it is about the way we cooperate that makes us so distinctive–and so successful.

Why Cooperate?

Scott Barrett
Why Cooperate Book PDF

Author : Scott Barrett
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2010-09-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191615009

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Why Cooperate? by Scott Barrett Pdf

Climate change, nuclear proliferation, and the threat of a global pandemic have the potential to impact each of our lives. Preventing these threats poses a serious global challenge, but ignoring them could have disastrous consequences. How do we engineer institutions to change incentives so that these global public goods are provided? Scott Barrett provides a thought provoking and accessible introduction to the issues surrounding the provision of global public goods. Using a variety of examples to illustrate past successes and failures, he shows how international cooperation, institutional design, and the clever use of incentives can work together to ensure the effective delivery of global public goods.

How Humans Cooperate

Richard E. Blanton,Lane F. Fargher
How Humans Cooperate Book PDF

Author : Richard E. Blanton,Lane F. Fargher
Publisher : University Press of Colorado
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781607325147

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How Humans Cooperate by Richard E. Blanton,Lane F. Fargher Pdf

In How Humans Cooperate, Richard E. Blanton and Lane F. Fargher take a new approach to investigating human cooperation, developed from the vantage point of an "anthropological imagination." Drawing on the discipline’s broad and holistic understanding of humans in biological, social, and cultural dimensions and across a wide range of temporal and cultural variation, the authors unite psychological and institutional approaches by demonstrating the interplay of institution building and cognitive abilities of the human brain. Blanton and Fargher develop an approach that is strongly empirical, historically deep, and more synthetic than other research designs, using findings from fields as diverse as neurobiology, primatology, ethnography, history, art history, and archaeology. While much current research on collective action pertains to local-scale cooperation, How Humans Cooperate puts existing theories to the test at larger scales in markets, states, and cities throughout the Old and New Worlds. This innovative book extends collective action theory beyond Western history and into a broadly cross-cultural dimension, places cooperation in the context of large and complex human societies, and demonstrates the interplay of collective action and aspects of human cognitive ability. By extending the scope and content of collective action theory, the authors find a fruitful new path to understanding human cooperation.

Why People Cooperate

Tom R. Tyler
Why People Cooperate Book PDF

Author : Tom R. Tyler
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-24
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780691158006

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Why People Cooperate by Tom R. Tyler Pdf

Any organization's success depends upon the voluntary cooperation of its members. But what motivates people to cooperate? In Why People Cooperate, Tom Tyler challenges the decades-old notion that individuals within groups are primarily motivated by their self-interest. Instead, he demonstrates that human behaviors are influenced by shared attitudes, values, and identities that reflect social connections rather than material interests. Tyler examines employee cooperation in work organizations, resident cooperation with legal authorities responsible for social order in neighborhoods, and citizen cooperation with governmental authorities in political communities. He demonstrates that the main factors for achieving cooperation are socially driven, rather than instrumentally based on incentives or sanctions. Because of this, social motivations are critical when authorities attempt to secure voluntary cooperation from group members. Tyler also explains that two related aspects of group practices--the use of fair procedures when exercising authority and the belief by group members that authorities are benevolent and sincere--are crucial to the development of the attitudes, values, and identities that underlie cooperation. With widespread implications for the management of organizations, community regulation, and governance, Why People Cooperate illustrates the vital role that voluntary cooperation plays in the long-standing viability of groups.

Six Simple Rules

Yves Morieux,Peter Tollman
Six Simple Rules Book PDF

Author : Yves Morieux,Peter Tollman
Publisher : Harvard Business Review Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781422190555

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Six Simple Rules by Yves Morieux,Peter Tollman Pdf

Two senior members of the Boston Consulting Group discuss how the complicated layers of management and hierarchy in business today make it difficult for people to do their jobs and describe a solution for managing this increasing complexity. 25,000 first printing.

Let's Cooperate!

Jonathan Peale
Let s Cooperate Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Peale
Publisher : Capstone
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08
Category : Children's songs
ISBN : 9781632906359

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Let's Cooperate! by Jonathan Peale Pdf

Students will practice getting along with others and making friends as they read and sing along. They will see how cooperating with others makes it easier to get things done. Text is paired with engaging music and colorful illustrations. This paperback book comes with CD and online music access.

Gridlock

Thomas Hale,David Held,Kevin Young
Gridlock Book PDF

Author : Thomas Hale,David Held,Kevin Young
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780745670102

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Gridlock by Thomas Hale,David Held,Kevin Young Pdf

The issues that increasingly dominate the 21st century cannot be solved by any single country acting alone, no matter how powerful. To manage the global economy, prevent runaway environmental destruction, reign in nuclear proliferation, or confront other global challenges, we must cooperate. But at the same time, our tools for global policymaking - chiefly state-to-state negotiations over treaties and international institutions - have broken down. The result is gridlock, which manifests across areas via a number of common mechanisms. The rise of new powers representing a more diverse array of interests makes agreement more difficult. The problems themselves have also grown harder as global policy issues penetrate ever more deeply into core domestic concerns. Existing institutions, created for a different world, also lock-in pathological decision-making procedures and render the field ever more complex. All of these processes - in part a function of previous, successful efforts at cooperation - have led global cooperation to fail us even as we need it most. Ranging over the main areas of global concern, from security to the global economy and the environment, this book examines these mechanisms of gridlock and pathways beyond them. It is written in a highly accessible way, making it relevant not only to students of politics and international relations but also to a wider general readership.